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1.
Yuming Duan 《Frontiers of History in China》2007,2(2):145-165
The central government of the empire moved south from Kaifeng to Hangzhou after the collapse of the Northern Song Dynasty,
resulting in some of the Daoist temples that were originally in Kaifeng to be re-established in Hangzhou. These reestablished
temples were, for the most part, intimately related to the imperial politics. They were a manifestation of the continuation
and legitimacy of the imperial regime and were a psychological confirmation of the safety of the regime and the imperial household.
From this we can see, in the midst of religious cultural changes, how the basic cultural factors were interrelated with particular
believers.
Translated from Sichuan Daxue Xuebao 四川大学学报 (the Journal of Sichuan University), 2006, (3): 33–39 相似文献
2.
徐跃 《Frontiers of History in China》2008,3(3):406-431
During Sichuan’s promotion of education in the late Qing Dynasty, trees in the domain of Buddhist or Daoist temples, which
were part of temples’ property, had been felled across the province. The profits gained were used to repair or build schools
as well as to fund their management. In different regions, the characteristics and intentions of the felling activities differed.
Meanwhile, such fever gave rise to corrupt practices of deceitfully seeking profits which in turn caused numerous disputes
and lawsuits, reflecting the confrontation provoked between the state and the people as well as different communities over
tradition, ritual, and belief. The investigations of felling temple trees could enrich the understanding of provincial promotion
for education in the late Qing period, and that of the social and cultural changes taking place in rural communities in modern
times.
Translated by Chen Haitian from Sichuan Daxue Xuebao 四川大学学报 (Journal of Sichuan University), 2007, (5): 136–144 相似文献
3.
姜进 《Frontiers of History in China》2009,4(1):124-148
Wartime Shanghai (1937–1945) was a crucial period in women’s Yue opera history, during which the opera took roots in the city
and was transformed into a modern art form. The opera established itself as a dominant presence in the city’s popular entertainment
in the first half of the 1940s and gained national and international influence in the 1950s and 1960s with its masterpiece
plays such as The butterfly lovers and Dream of the red chamber. The rise of women’s Yue opera in wartime Shanghai was more a ramification of long-term developments in urban migration,
urban cultural transformation, and women’s integration into society that ran through the entire Republican even the early
PRC periods.
Translated and revised from Huadong Shifan Daxue Xuebao 华东师范大学学报 (Journal of East China Normal University), 2008, (2): 56–67 相似文献
4.
周竞红 《Frontiers of History in China》2009,4(3):470-478
Wang Zhaojun was a romanticized historical figure. The visualization of her was characterized by specific historical and social
backgrounds. While her image was shaped with the thousands of years’ expansion of northern interethnic relations in ancient
China, the united modern multi-ethnic state created her glorious image as “an angel bringing about national harmony, peace,
and unity.”
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Translated by Feng Mei from Zhongyang Minzu Daxue Xuebao 中央民族大学学报 (Journal of the Central University for Nationalities), 2008, (1): 55–58 相似文献
5.
Dezhang He 《Frontiers of History in China》2006,1(2):236-253
Although a split and turbulent age, the Wei, Jin, and Northern and Southern dynasties, known as the Six dynasties, witnessed
a continuous expansion of waterway communication and transportation between north and south China. A significant waterway
from Hangzhou to Tianjin held the greatest potential for development during this period, eventually leading to the construction
of the Grand Canal in the Sui dynasty.
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Translated from: Wuhan Daxue Xuebao 武汉大学学报: 人文科学版 (Wuhan University Journal, Humanity Sciences), Vol. 2, 2004 相似文献
6.
Jianhua Chang 《Frontiers of History in China》2008,3(1):41-77
The discussion of the formation of patriarchal lineage system since the Song and Ming dynasties can be divided by the turn
of 1980s and 1990s. The earlier period research is rationalized by four theories under the perspective of feudal society:
the theory of village commune, the theory of lineage authority, the theory of patriarchal thought, and the theory of the restriction
of land relations. The theoretical breakthroughs of the latter focused on the lineage's popularization, “three changes” of
the kinship organization and the social vicissitude, the national identity, the lineage's community-compactization, and the
generalized analysis on the reason of patriarchal lineage's formation.
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Translated by Xiong Ting from Anhui Shixue 安徽史学 (Historical Research in Auhui), 2007, (1): 75–87 相似文献
7.
Zhi’an Li 《Frontiers of History in China》2006,1(3):375-403
The vicious cycle of official corruption got worse unprecedentedly in the Yuan dynasty (ca. 1279–1368). Corrupt officials
at all levels from the local to the central governments were “extremely shameless and greedy.” Even many court ministers got
involved in the vicious cycle of corruption. The top officialdom was polluted and degenerated badly because the Mongolian
nobles made their “Sauqat” (taking gifts) tradition and the Semu, both official and merchant groups, took bribes as a way to amass wealth. Although the Mongol Yuan rulers did make a set
of anti-corruption policies such as detailed rules of censorship and inspection relating to corruption crimes, these didn’t
work well. Of all the reasons of the Yuan official corruption, the old Mongolian steppe traditions play the most important
role, which formed the context for the low salary, improper selection and poor quality of the officials and of bending the
law wrongly to pardon official misconduct.
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Translated from: Nankai Xuebao Zhexue Shehui Kexue Ban 南开学报: 哲学社会科学版 (Nankai Journal, Philosophy and Social Science Edition), Vol.5, 2004, by Zhang Weiwei 相似文献
8.
Youfa Wu 《Frontiers of History in China》2006,1(3):357-374
The course of German history is very sinuous. German nationalism, the imbalance of the political and economic development
generated by the influence of the historical and cultural traditions, the might of the Junker feudal aristocracy, the weakness
of the bourgeoisie, the postwar reeducation of democratization imposed by the western allied powers on Germany, the developed
education and technology, etc. are all important factors that influenced Germany’s history.
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Translated from: Wuhan Daxue Xuebao, Renwen Kexue Ban 武汉大学学报: 人文科学版 (Wuhan University Journal, Humanity Science), No. 3, 2004 相似文献
9.
何一民 《Frontiers of History in China》2008,3(2):263-292
Resulted from different causes, the majority of traditional cities in modern China underwent a decline in various degrees.
The causes of the decline of Suzhou, Hangzhou, and Yangzhou which have started to develop their new industry and commerce
since mid-Qing Dynasty lies in such aspects as: the lose of transportation superiority in modern China; the fatal destruction
caused by Taiping Revolution; the affects of the rising of Shanghai; the recession of traditional economy and slowed development
of new economy; and the conservatism in thinking and ideas etc.
Translated by Huang Bangfu from Xinan Minzu Daxue Xuebao 西南民族大学学报 (Journal of Southwest University for Nationalities), 2007, (4): 1–11 相似文献
10.
刘海岩 《Frontiers of History in China》2008,3(3):432-443
During the first half of the 20th century, when China experienced a new tide of urbanization, a tendency appeared, in which the upper strata moved to the urban
center and the lower strata distributed over the marginal area, where poor people formed a new community. This marginal community
bore distinctive characteristics no matter in spatial structure or in residents’ life style in the development of modern Tianjin.
The lower culture from the marginal areas and the upper culture from the foreign concessions constituted an interaction urban
cultural structure in modern China.
Translated by Lü Chunjun from Tianjin Shifan Daxue Xuebao 天津师范大学学报 (Journal of Tianjin Normal University), 2007, (4): 37–41 相似文献
11.
Xin Chen 《Frontiers of History in China》2006,1(2):199-213
Use, truth and time constitute the basic elements of the epistemological structure of history. That structure went through
three stages: pre-modern (from ancient times to the late eighteenth century, before the professionalization of history took
place), modern (the period of professional history, from the late eighteenth century to the 1970s), and post modern (post
1970s). In these three stages, use, truth, and time successively occupied the core of the epistemological structure of history.
Postmodernist history, which puts time at the core of its epistemology, is an extreme form of historicism. Even more than
historicism, it has emphasized the determining effect of time and change on historical truth and historical consciousness.
The privatization of historical narrative and reading has prodded history to become experimental. Experimental history no
longer proclaims the truth about the past. Instead, under specific historical circumstances, it strives to produce texts that
will be recognized by individual historians and provides these texts to readers, who will make their own judgments. Whether
these texts are true will be decided through the uses they produce. In this way, any historiographical practice will be an
experiment conducted by an historian in the present and that will consist in searching for the truth about the past. The success
of this experiment will depend entirely on the experimental environment, that is, on the conditions provided by the reading
environment.
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Translated from: Beijing Shifan Daxue Xuebao 北京师范大学学报 (Journal of Beijing Normal University), Vol. 5, 2004 相似文献
12.
Biao You 《Frontiers of History in China》2007,2(2):166-180
The Song Dynasty is the most important period in Chinese history in terms of the establishment of a new type of clan system.
During the Song, Chinese social organization, at the grass-roots level, experienced a fundamental change. In the wake of the
late-Tang collapse of the local power system, it was necessary for the Song to replace the ancestral lineage structure and
develop a new system to adapt itself to the new circumstances brought on by drastic changes in its economy. Song Confucians
played a vital part in the changes. Not only did they gradually solve the theoretical problems of the new type of clan organization,
but they also developed many feasible and standard models. Eventually this model would gain even wider acceptance after the
Yuan Dynasty with the rise of Neo-Confucianism. Thus, ancestral halls, serving as the major centers for the new clan activities,
became prevalent among common people.
Translated from Anhui Shifan Daxue Xuebao 安徽师范大学学报 (Journal of Anhui Normal University), 2006, (3): 322–327
This paper is part of a National Social Science Fund project, Research on Chinese Folklore History (Song and Yuan Volume, You Biao, ed.) 相似文献
13.
时至清末,中国思想文化界开始高扬中国传统社会所未见的国民意识。这是中国知识分子对中国未来前程进行探索后而得出的一个思考的结果,并为此展开了塑造国民意识的文化实践活动。 相似文献
14.
张国刚 《Frontiers of History in China》2009,4(1):1-38
Conjugal relationship has a predominant role in ancient Chinese familial life. Yet most researches on conjugal relationship
have tended to focus on the arrangement of marriage, disregarding marital life after wedding. It is the general impression
that matrimonial relation follows the ethics of Confucian doctrine of “the husband as principle of the wife,” or relevant
code of laws like “Seven Outs,” edited according to these principles. There are three factors that contribute to marital relationship
in the Tang Dynasty: ideology, ethics, and written laws. Although written laws are influenced by Confucian ideology, and hence
following Confucian system of manners, on the practical level, ordinance still appears as the most reliable source to analyze
familial relationships. People in the Tang Dynasty stress family status when they marry wives, yet when marrying concubines,
versatility is of interest. Whereas records in official history documents and epitaphs are not entirely accountable, the complicated
relationships between husband and wife, husband and concubine, and that between wife and concubine need to be further illustrated.
Translated by Lai Yipeng from Qinghua Daxue Xuebao 清华大学学报 (Journal of Tsinghua University), 2008, (1): 46–62 相似文献
15.
陈廷湘 《Frontiers of History in China》2009,4(2):292-322
After the abolishment of China’s Imperial Examination System and the founding of the Republic of China, the exterior mode
of the Chinese scholars’ life, such as their academic research and ways of making a living, changed dramatically, but their
real life style, including their habits, hobbies and tastes, did not show fundamental change. From the unpublished diary of
an important but non-famous scholar Li Sichun of Sichuan University, with a close reference of Wu Mi’s and Hu Shi’s diary
at approximately the same time, one can see that Chinese scholars kept their traditional literate life style and tastes until
the 1940s. Therefore, we can make a conclusion that the social transition did not affect many scholars’ real life as profound
as many present studies have claimed.
Translated by Wang Wensheng from Shehui Kexue Yanjiu 社会科学研究 (Social Sciences Research), 2008, (4): 145–156 相似文献
16.
Xue Pingshuan 《Frontiers of History in China》2006,1(2):254-275
As the capital of the Sui and Tang dynasties, Chang’an brought together large numbers of high-ranking officials, aristocrats,
local residents, and sojourners. The promise of profits caused by the high demand for consumer goods attracted merchants.
Chang’an was also the starting point of the renowned Silk Road. For all these reasons, Chang’an became a gathering point for
Small and medium-scale merchants, rich merchants, ethnic-minority merchants, and foreign merchants. All these merchants engaged
in a wide variety of business activities and made money by surprisingly diverse means. Those with great economic power were
quite active politically. The activities of these merchants symbolize the unprecedented growth of commerce in Chang’an and
reveal the high level of development of urban trade in the Sui and the Tang dynasties.
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Translated from: Shaanxi Shifan Daxue Xuebao 陕西师范大学学报: 哲学社会科学版(Journal of Shaanxi Normal University, Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition), No.2, 2004, by Fabien Simonis.
Fabien Simonis wish to thank Alexei Ditter for his help in translating poetic passages. 相似文献
17.
Qihong Lu 《Frontiers of History in China》2008,3(1):148-161
The European witch-trials became numerous in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. A large number of witches were imprisoned
and many of them were executed at the stake. The ubiquitous social strain brought on the witch-hunt, and the witch became
the scapegoat. Study on the witch-hunt provides a special perspective on the transition of Western Europe in the sixteenth
and seventeenth centuries.
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Translated from Shixue Yuekan 史学月刊 (Journal of Historical Science), 2007, (8): 64–71 相似文献
18.
Gengzhe Yu 《Frontiers of History in China》2007,2(3):320-344
The changing status of moxibustion therapy in folk medicine from the Tang Dynasty to the Song Dynasty is a reflection of the
distribution situation of popular medical resources during these periods. As a feasible therapy with a large popularity, moxibustion
played a crucial role in the Tang Dynasty. The Song Dynasty saw some social development as well, because it was an active
state power and social force in medical activities. Therefore, people at the lower class gradually benefited from decoction
and acupuncture treatments, and the status of the moxibustion therapy began to decline. The changing status of moxibustion
therapy in different dynasties embodies the changes in technology and the quality of life.
Translated by Chen Cheng from Tsinghua daxue xuebao 清华大学学报 (Journal of Tsinghua University), 2006, (1): 62–74 相似文献
19.
谢宏维 《Frontiers of History in China》2009,4(3):426-459
As the main literature of socio-economic history, local gazetteers display the dynamic process of local socio-economic structuring
and reflect local conflicts among various interest groups. Focusing on local gazetteers in Wanzai County of Jiangxi Province
from the Qing to the Republic, this essay shows how local literati played an active role in constructing their local community.
These gazetteers reflected the complicated power relations, especially the conflict between the natives and immigrants, and
they themselves became the important part of the process of local power reproduction and culture construction.
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Translated by Luo Hui from Shixue Yuekan 史学月刊 (Journal of Historical Science), 2008, (9): 70–81 相似文献
20.
Jinmin Fan 《Frontiers of History in China》2007,2(3):345-378
In the mid-Ming Dynasty, the means of transportation were greatly improved; commodity production became more developed; silver
was gradually monetized; commercial taxes became lighter; and social attitudes towards merchants changed. All these developments
created a favorable environment for the formation of regional merchant groups. Meanwhile, social factors at the regional level—characteristics
of local commodity production, favorable natural environment and production structures, as well as Ming government’s practice
of border defense, border trade, foreign policy, local customs, and the interpretation of commercial activities of local people—all
contributed to the emergence of merchant groups.
Translated by Wu Yanhong from Tsinghua Daxue Xuebao 清华大学学报 (Journal of Tsinghua University), 2006, (5): 81–94 相似文献