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1.
新疆多元民族文化特征论 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
贺萍 《中国边疆史地研究》2005,15(3):86-90
作为多元民族文化汇聚的地区,新疆民族文化具有变迁模式的突变性、文化内涵的变异性、结构体系的兼容性和文化表象的宗教性特征。本文认为,认识这些特征,有益于深入理解新疆民族文化的发展,有益于促进民族发展与各民族共同繁荣。 相似文献
2.
古代牛奶残留物研究是国际科技考古界的热点方向之一,分析方法主要有脂肪酸单体碳同位素分析和蛋白质免疫性分析,但国内相关研究尚未开展。本研究利用商品化的酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)试剂盒,对新疆吐鲁番地区鄯善县苏贝希遗址出土的黑色块状残留物进行分析。结果发现,其中含有少量牛酪蛋白,可见该残留物可能为牛奶制品或掺杂了牛奶,这说明最迟在公元前3到5世纪牛奶就已出现在我国新疆先民的食谱中。分析手段的成熟,可广泛应用于我国古代牛奶残留物的快速检测。 相似文献
3.
Jacqueline Meijer Alexis E. Dolphin Chris Yakymchuk Michael Gervers 《International Journal of Osteoarchaeology》2019,29(4):574-583
The cave church St. Georges is a hand‐carved limestone cave church located in Gurat, southwestern France, which likely developed from a hermitic site by the High Middle Ages (1001–1300 AD). Gurat is unique in that few bioarchaeological studies of monastic collections, particularly in France, have been conducted. This research represents the first effort to understand who the people at Gurat were, and where they might have travelled from, by employing strontium isotope analysis. Such data are used to interpret motivations behind hypothesized mobility. Dental and skeletal tissues from 14 individuals excavated at the cave church site were analysed for their strontium isotope ratio via laser ablation multicollector inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry. The 87Sr/86Sr values in human bone samples from Gurat indicate that all individuals likely lived near Gurat for at least the last few years of their lives. 87Sr/86Sr values yielded from tooth enamel samples indicate that during childhood, the Gurat individuals were mobile and originated from a region isotopically dissimilar to Gurat. Mobility into the site of Gurat may be explained by the pilgrimage routes in which traversed Gurat, as well as by the practice of transhumance. Given that two pilgrimage routes passed near the village, Gurat would have been a consistently well‐travelled site for nonlocal Christians during the Middle Ages. It is therefore likely that many travellers passed through the village of Gurat. Additionally, because Cistercian monks practiced transhumance during the medieval period, and many of the Gurat individuals do appear isotopically to have origins from highland regions in France (i.e., the Massif Central), it is possible that these individuals engaged in seasonal migration between highland and lowland regions. Therefore, the data presented here have demonstrated that, through strontium isotope analysis, the Gurat individuals were likely migrants to the Gurat cave church. 相似文献
4.
2003年,楼兰地区首次发现大型壁画墓,立即引起学术界极大关注。由于墓室东壁绘有"饮酒图",有学者认为表现的是粟特人饮酒场面,进而推断这是一座早期粟特人墓葬。本文通过对墓葬所含贵霜文化因素的详细分析,认为楼兰壁画墓实际上是一座侨居楼兰的中亚贵霜人的墓葬。 相似文献
5.
Mark S. Aldenderfer 《Journal of World Prehistory》1989,3(2):117-158
Although the Archaic Period of the south-central Andes is not well-known beyond Latin America, there is much of interest in it to archaeologists working with foraging populations. Like the North American Archaic and European Mesolithic, the Archaic in the region is characterized by ethnic differentiation, changes in the scale and frequency of residential mobility, resource intensification and specialization, and population growth. The origin and evolutionary trajectory of these trends are discussed within the context of the development of ecological complementarity, a strategy of land use that exploits the vertically stratified distribution of resources in the Andean environment. 相似文献
6.
薄荷醇作为新兴的考古出土脆弱文物提取用临时固型材料,在越来越多的考古现场得到了应用,涉及文物材质不断增多,但是文物提取到室内之后薄荷醇如何快速、安全脱除成为后期处理时面临的实际难题。最常用的去除方法是让薄荷醇自然挥发,但是薄荷醇挥发的同时,水分也会挥发;随着水分的挥发,对失水敏感的饱水有机质文物将会出现干缩等问题。为研究薄荷醇在饱水木质文物上的安全脱除技术,本研究以“南海Ⅰ号”沉船出水的饱水树皮和糟朽散木为对象,探讨自然挥发、补水挥发、乙醇去除、乙醇去除+补水、加热+补水5种不同的脱除方法,通过评估不同方法处理前后树皮和散木的外观形态、质量损失和尺寸稳定性,优选出适合饱水木质文物上薄荷醇的安全脱除方法。结果显示:树皮脱除薄荷醇需要补水,散木脱除薄荷醇需要乙醇快速去除。综合效果来看,乙醇去除或者乙醇去除+补水相结合的方式是饱水木质文物最佳的薄荷醇安全去除方法。本研究将为考古和文物保护人员在使用薄荷醇提取饱水木质文物后期处理上提供技术参考。 相似文献
7.
The analysis of fossil wood fragments is often undertaken in relation to the archaeological excavation of a site. However, such analysis does not yet appear to have the strong methodological foundation that the investigation of many other classes of palaeoenvironmental evidence (e.g. seeds and pollen) have. Consequently, it is difficult to evaluate the value of fossil wood analysis at an archaeological site. Using data regarding non-artifactual wood assemblages at one site in southern Scotland, the relative merits of possible analysis are described and discussed. The results from such analyses tend to fall into two broad groups: (I) those of relatively high reliability, and (2) those of relatively low reliability. The results in the former group are often based on moderately secure methodology and tend to provide relatively non-interpretative information (e.g. species lists). On the other hand, those in the latter group are more often based on insecure interpretive methodology and provide relatively more stimulating information, such as evidence for prehistoric woodland management. There are many reasons for this situation, and these are discussed. In conclusion, it is argued that to increase the reliability of results in the second group (in particular), a full understanding of the taphonomy of non-artifactual fossil wood assemblages is needed, and that once this is available attention can then be paid, as elsewhere in environmental archaeology, to the problems of providing statistically valid samples for analysis. 相似文献
8.
大汶口文化是在北辛文化的基础上,接受江淮地区龙邱庄文化北上的强烈影响而形成,形成后又与江淮、江浙地区文化不断交流,加上仰韶文化同时向两地施加影响,从而使得海岱和江淮、江浙地区的文化面貌越来越近似,逐渐在东部沿海地区形成鼎豆壶杯鬶(盉)文化系统。从这个角度看,当年提出青莲岗文化自有其合理的一面。 相似文献
9.
汉文化为中心的唐代文化大融合 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
唐文化是我国传统文化发展的高峰,也是居于当时世界的领先地位。它有着其独特的色彩和先进性。本文着重从地理环境的高度来分析唐代文化生态及文化融合,分析文化与地理环境内在的机制和规律。从而在面对现代外来文化冲击的情况下,更理性地安排人类文化活动空间,并用以改造环境,丰富本土文化,为文化发展创造一个良好的环境。 相似文献
10.
江苏昆山市绰墩遗址发掘报告 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5
《东南文化》2000,(1):40-55
江苏昆山绰墩遗址的发掘和调查,揭示出其内涵包括马家浜文化、崧泽文化、良渚文化。马桥文化,并清理崧泽文化墓葬27座、灰坑1座,良渚文化残房基1座、灰坑4个、灰沟2条,出土陶、石、玉、骨器150件左右。 相似文献
11.
Dendrochronological Dating and Provenancing of Timbers from the Arade 1 Shipwreck,Portugal 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Marta Domínguez‐Delmás Nigel Nayling Tomasz Ważny Vanessa Loureiro Catherine Lavier 《International Journal of Nautical Archaeology》2013,42(1):118-136
As part of a larger project promoting the development of historical dendrochronology in the Iberian Peninsula, ship‐timbers from the Arade 1 wreck (mostly planking and framing elements), stored at the DANS/IGESPAR in Lisbon, were examined. Of these, 52 samples were identified as deciduous oak (Quercus subg. quercus) and two as chestnut (Castanea sativa). Of 24 timbers selected for dendrochronological research, 23 could be dated, placing the origin of the wood in western France and the felling of trees between AD 1579 and 1583. Their homogeneity suggests they are part of the original construction, which probably took place shortly after AD 1583. © 2012 The Authors 相似文献
12.
13.
A.P. Derevianko Gao Xing J.W. Olsen E.P. Rybin 《Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia》2012,40(4):2-18
The paper reports the results of an analysis of surface collections of artifacts made at the Luotuoshi site in Dzungaria, Xinjiang, northwest China. The site was discovered in 2004 by a joint Chinese-Russian-American archaeological expedition. A techno-typological analysis of the artifacts was carried out noting aeolian abrasion of the artifacts’ surfaces. This technocomplex is quite homogenous and is characterized by a combination of Levallois-like and subprismatic blade-based reduction techniques. Analogs of the Luotuoshi assemblage have been identified within the lithic industries of the Altai, the Orkhon-1 and Tolbor-4 sites in Mongolia, and at Shuidonggou in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in China, all of which have been attributed to the Early Upper Paleolithic. Luotuoshi is the first site associated with the blade-based Early Upper Paleolithic discovered in northwest China and its particular features make it possible to correlate this technocomplex with those from southern Siberia and northern Central Asia. 相似文献
14.
文化信息的空间扩散分析 总被引:11,自引:5,他引:6
本文从信息论的角度探讨了文化的空间扩散过程;初步探讨了文化扩散的信息内涵,提出了文化源地、文化宿地、文化扩散媒介等文化信息扩散要素,简要地分析了文化信息扩散的类型;着重探讨了影响文化信息扩散的作用因素,分析了环境约束,区域引力,空间距离、地形摩擦、文化惯性和文化革新等6个因素的作用。 相似文献
15.
Hanne Marie Myrhøj 《International Journal of Nautical Archaeology》2004,33(2):320-329
At the bottom of a well on a medieval farm on the Danish island of Amager, archaeologists found a planking clamp dated by dendrochronology to 1405 AD. 1 The clamp is of great importance: very few examples have been found or recognised in Northern Europe to date, and this is the best preserved, and thus provides data about its shape and use; and the size of boat it was used in the construction of. It is discussed whether the clamp was used exclusively for boatbuilding or whether it might also have been used in other crafts. It is suggested that copies of the Tårnby planking clamp might be used in future experimental boatbuilding projects.
© 2004 The Nautical Archaeology Society 相似文献
© 2004 The Nautical Archaeology Society 相似文献
16.
为了解海昏侯墓椁室木材及随葬漆木器木材种类,进而分析其用材特点,分别对木材取样进行种属鉴定。鉴定结果表明:海昏侯墓椁木为樟科(Lauraceae)桢楠属(Phoebe)桢楠(Phoebe zhennan),椁室木门为柏科(Cupressaceae)柏木属(Cupressus)柏木(Cupressus funebris),比较文献资料,推测汉代椁室常用木材即为楠,反映了汉代椁木用材的专门化;受检的随葬漆木器材种均为樟科,包含檫木属(Sassafras)檫木(Sassafras tzumu)、黄肉楠属(Actinodaphne)、琼楠属(Beilschmiedia)等,反映出随葬漆木器用材具有地域性,可能均为本地生产。 相似文献
17.
陕西潼关南寨子遗址发掘简报 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
南寨子遗址位于潼关县城东南约0.6公里(图一)处的台塬上,发现于上世纪80年代的陕西省第三次文物普查[1]。因西气东输二线管道工程建设,2010年6~9月,陕西省考古研究院对潼关南寨子遗址进行了考古调查和发掘。调查发现,遗址的东西两至是被当地人称为 相似文献
18.
湖北郧县店子河遗址发掘简报 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
一、遗址概况店子河遗址位于湖北省郧县青曲镇店子河村,东北距郧县县城16公里,东南距十堰市区15公里(图一)。遗址地处汉江北岸的二、三级台地上,中心地理坐标为东经110°37′58″,北纬32°47′55″,海拔150~158米。遗址位于南水北调中线工程淹没区,武汉大学考古系受湖北省文物局南水北调办公室委托,于2008年11月至2009年5月 相似文献
19.
河南境内的大汶口文化和屈家岭文化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
山东大汶口文化西来,到达河南东部、中部甚至西部地区;湖北屈家岭文化北渐,到达河南西南部、南部和中部地区。两者在河南交汇,这在中国考古学上是独树一帜的。从地层叠压关系可以看出,它们往往介于仰韶文化和龙山文化之间,反映了这一系列文化的消长、取代和变迁。大坟口文化和屈家岭文化深入河南所到之处,对与之相遇的晚期仰韶文化产生较大影响。河南的大坟口文化展示了黄河中下游古代文化的交流,而河南的屈家岭文化则连接了黄河和长江两大流域的古代文化。 相似文献
20.
养心殿研究性修缮过程中,位于正脊中央的镇物宝匣向世人展现了明清皇宫建筑中的镇物文化。镇物宝匣是皇宫内建筑的重要组成部分,匣内常放置多种镇物,其中有机质镇物变化较大。养心殿宝匣内装有金钱、元宝、宝石、丝织物及若干木条。其中木条已老化变黑,难以辨识。本研究通过传统微观结构观察法对其种类进行了鉴定。初步判断木条共5类,分别是白木香Aquilaria sinensis(Lour.)Spreng.、檀香Santalum album L.、交趾黄檀Dalbergia cochinchinensis Pierre.、阔叶黄檀Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.、大果紫檀Pterocarpus macrocarpus Kurz.。前两种属于香药,后三种属于红木类木材。三种红木的发现,也为嘉庆年间宫廷内使用此三种红木提供了直接证据。结合文献考证,可能是清宫廷内资源利用及官场的腐败等诸多因素,致使修缮官员以木材边角料代替了部分香药、谷物。养心殿镇物宝匣中木条种类的鉴定对揭示清中期宫廷镇物文化、木材的利用及社会背景具有重要意义。 相似文献