贵州古代墓葬出土的买地券

贵州古代墓葬发现的买地券主要有汉魏之际(早期)和宋明时期(晚期)的,早晚期地券各有特点但又有内在联系,早期地券内容简单,类似生人买地契约,晚期地券受道家化的影响和渗透,完全变成道教的迷信工具,内容既复杂多样又神秘莫测。晚期地券受四川地区唐宋时期买地券的影响较大,但有独自地域特色。     

江西考古出土梅福相关的宋元时期买地券

江西宋元墓葬中出土有一类较为特别、数量偏少的买地券,基本发现于吉安市境内.以张重四地券为代表,券文中将西汉梅福作为知见人,文句有固定范式,券末附咒语、符箓,体现了较高的文化水平.结合《道藏》等文献,对劵文中一些术语进行了简要解读,并提出吉安市为这种买地券及其背后风水流派的中心传播区域.元代以后梅福因神职降低不再作为知见人出现,但劵文末符咒有所保留,在一些地方仍旧继续流传.     

“买地券”习俗的考现学研究——闽台地区的事例

一、前言 买地券,又称冥契、幽契、地前、冥券、墓券、幽券、铁业券、石契、买墓地券等（问有称“阳券”者）,最初属于斩草破土或埋葬尸骨时墓穴所藏明器之一,即通过模拟现实生活中的土地契约文书,让生人或死者同各类神祗进行象征性“交易”,来表示亡灵（或寿主）领有墓地（或寿冢）居所的合法产权,并藉以压胜镇鬼、护卫阴界亡灵乃至阳界生人（或寿主）。     

民间信仰的恢复与重建--以侯村女娲信仰个案研究为例

在以往女娲神话及其信仰的研究中,神话学者、民俗学者往往在大范围搜集资料的基础上,进行以文本为主的比较研究和溯源研究。对文本进行研究固然重要,可文本形成和变异的具体过程,也值得探讨,尤其是近些年,在全国民间传统重建热潮的带动下,与女娲相关的风物、女娲神话及其信仰都得到不同程度的恢复和重建,比如河南省西华县思都岗村的女娲城、甘肃省秦安县陇城乡女娲庙会等等。为什么会出现这些重建现象?重建的过程是怎样的?重建后呈现出哪些特征?这些问题在国内神话学界、民俗学界尚鲜有问津。     

基督教与近代福建女俗改良

福建省是近代中国基督教势力最大的地区之一。大量的入闽传教士为了实现所谓“中华归主”的理想,把目光触及到所有可能影响国人心态的社会现象,企图通过种种世俗化的社会改良来博得人们的好感,进而实现其传教目标。自然,与西方基督教文化相抵触的某些习俗也落入到他们改良主义的视野之中,其中就包括许多与女性有关的习俗。     

闽台槟榔礼俗源流略考

闽台两地一衣带水,历史关系源远流长,其中尤以闽南与台湾关系最为密切：二者之间的血缘、史缘、文缘、俗缘等早为时人所津津乐道。台湾槟榔礼俗的形成就是两地俗缘相连的一个例证。众所周知,台湾同胞有嚼食槟榔的嗜好,平时携之在身,时常咀嚼以为乐事,客人相见亦请食...     

温州民间石敢当信仰习俗调查

一、关于考查地本文所指的温州地区,是指温州市下辖的鹿城、龙湾、瓯海三区,乐清、瑞安两市和永嘉、平阳、苍南、泰顺、文成、洞头六县。笔者于2007年春,对上述地区的一些乡镇、街道进行了实地调查。现在调查的基础上对该地区石敢当俗信给予更广泛的关注。在材料使用上以永嘉的上塘、乌牛、瓯北、桥下、徐岙、岩头,乐清     

北周宇文俭墓清理发掘简报

北周宇文俭墓位于陕西省咸阳国际机场新建停机坪西南部，东跑机场候机楼２００余米，南距机场东西公路２５０余米。１９８６年至１９９０年，机场建设初期，在宇文俭墓东发现有王德衡墓、王士良墓、若干云墓、独孤藏墓，在其东北有尉迟运墓，西北有叱罗协墓等①，总计十余座。１９９３年１２月，机场在候机楼西侧建设停机坪时又发现了宇文俭墓，陕西省考古研究所随即派人对其进行了抢救性清理发掘，现将发掘情况简报如下： 一、墓葬形制 宇文俭墓为一斜坡式带天井土洞墓。墓总长５０、深１１米。由墓道、过洞、天井、南道、墓室几部分组成（…     

In Situ Urbanization in Rural China: Case Studies from Fujian Province

In most parts of the developing world, the urbanization process has been dominated by rural–urban migration and the growth of existing cities. However, case‐studies in China’s Fujian Province suggest that this process can also be achieved mainly by in situ transformation in rural areas. Such in situ transformation of rural areas has been driven mainly by two forces, the development of township and village enterprises (TVEs) and the inflow of foreign investment; and facilitated by the relevant policies adopted by the Chinese government since 1978. The former has been very effective in the transformation of rural employment structure, while the latter has brought many physical changes to the previously rural landscape. Being mutually complementary, these two ways of rural transformation have not only benefited and urbanized the rural areas, but kept many farmers in their hometowns, replacing the dominant role of rural–urban migration and the growth of existing cities in the urbanization process.     

Archaeological Site Management and Local Involvement: A Case Study from Abu Rawash,Egypt

Abstract

Local involvement is an essential element of successful archaeological site management. Recognition of the role of the local community could make a great contribution in improving the present critical situation of many archaeological sites worldwide. In Egypt, where internationally renowned archaeological sites attract both academic and tourism interests, archaeological sites and monuments are suffering from different issues. Amongst the various causes is the failure to recognize the relationship between the sites and the present society — both the local community and other stakeholders — and this has negatively influenced the sites. Not only have the local communities been given limited access to knowledge, and limited opportunities to become involved in the archaeology, but also their attempts to pursue a better standard of living have been restricted for the sake of protecting the national heritage. In this article I use a case study from Abu Rawash to explore strategies that could encourage local involvement in site management, through capacity building and communication with the government and other stakeholders. Although local involvement may not provide a drastic improvement of an individual site's condition, the principle of local involvement should contribute to a general improvement in Egypt, where conservation efforts largely focus on physical materials and little attention is given to the society surrounding the archaeological remains.     

乡村振兴视野下侨乡的转型发展——以闽南澳头侨乡为例的分析

论文梳理了海外移民与闽南澳头侨乡传统文化景观的形成与传承,分析了乡村振兴背景下侨乡文化景观的多元拓展。在乡村振兴等国家战略背景下,各地侨乡都获得了前所未有的发展动力。在以厦门为核心的闽南区域现代化和城市化进程中,澳头侨乡活用涉侨历史文化遗存,持续以活态、动态积累而形成多重性的文化景观,如闽南古建、番仔楼、妈祖信仰等。近年来,澳头以乡村振兴政策为推动侨乡转型发展的新动力,充分发挥侨乡开放包容的优势,多元活用各种涉侨人文景观,从海港侨乡逐渐发展为国际化侨乡小镇。澳头的转型发展为进一步拓展侨乡研究提供了一个重要的案例,为长时段的侨乡文化研究提供了新的视角。     

Local Democracy and Local Government Efficiency: The Case of Elected Executives in Australian Local Government

In the international context it has been argued that institutional reform to leadership in local government can improve the sector in terms of both its democratic legitimacy and its operational efficiency. In Australia, despite two decades of far-reaching reform processes across state government jurisdictions, focused heavily on structural change, local government still faces daunting problems, yet the potential of reform to political leadership as a method of alleviating these problems has not been fully explored. This paper thus examines the applicability of alternative leadership models to Australian local government, in particular the elected executive model which characterises some American and European local government systems. We argue that the introduction of elected executives could prove problematic in terms of accountability and representation in Australian local government.