Secular apocalyptic and Thomas Hardy

Thomas Hardy's Jude the Obscure (1895) makes ironically secular use of the imagery of the New Jerusalem and of unregenerate Babylon in the Book of Revelation. His purchase on the text is mediated both by Bunyan's Pilgrim’s Progress, a childhood favourite, and hymns such as ‘Jerusalem the Golden’ translated from Bernard of Cluny's De Contemptu Mundi. Avoiding the traditions of anti-Catholic interpretation, and of explicitly political readings which identify Babylon and the mysterious ‘number of the beast’ with particular historical adversaries and tyrants, Hardy uses the biblical text sardonically to demonstrate the inadequacy of escapist dreams and institutional religion and to explore problems of poverty and ambition complicated by sexuality and its cynical exploitation.     

对法国“五月风暴”的再思考

196 8年 ,欣欣向荣的法国突然爆发了全面的危机 ,这对戴高乐的政治生命产生了重大影响 ,也引起他对造成这一事件原因的思考。他认为主要是教育中存在的问题和一些严重的社会问题 ,如住宅问题、通货膨胀、贫富差距等和心理原因造成的。本文作者从资本主义基本矛盾、国家利益与个人利益的矛盾及国际环境的影响三个方面阐述对这一问题的看法     

因相近而区分：“问题与主义”之争再认识之一

“问题与主义”之争为时不长,却触及一些时代关注的焦点,反映出“五四”前后中国思想界异常丰富而活跃的动态,特别是各种流派混杂难分、阵线混淆的重要特征。关注“社会”的革命或改良是时代的共同点。包括安福系在内的朝野各方都以为不可避免。这样的朝野相似性使“新舆论界”一边希望有所“区分”,以确立自身的特性。有些后来以为冲突的观念,对当时当地的当事人而言,未必就那样对立,反有相通之处。胡适和李大钊的相关言论在一段时间里共同成为年轻一辈的思想资源,提示着这一争论未必像后来认知的那样意味着新化人的“分裂”,或即使“分裂”也不到既存研究所论述的程度。     

Weathering the Storm: Social Policy and the Great Recession

This review discusses recent challenges to the welfare state arising from the Great Recession (GR). The GR was a significant event for social policy analysts, as it tested the responsiveness of welfare systems in the midst of a recent trend toward austerity politics in advanced economies. Social policy changes were part of the toolkit advanced democracies used to respond to the GR, and the welfare state mitigated the consequences of the GR. However, a stark limitation of the social safety net in the United States was the failure to assist immigrant households. The nexus of immigration and social policy is likely to be a significant controversy as we consider the meaning of social citizenship.     

Space–Time Sequential Similarity for Identifying Factors of Activity‐Travel Pattern Segmentation: A Measure of Sequence Alignment and Path Similarity

The article develops a new method that compares activity‐travel patterns in both terms of the sequential order of activities and the shape of activity‐travel trajectory in time and space. The similarity of the list of activities and their order between activity‐travel patterns are computed by a sequence alignment method. The shape of activity‐travel trajectory is compared between the patterns using a path similarity technique that captures the direction and speed of a movement from the current location and the duration of staying at each location. The comparison results, therefore capture how people move around in three‐dimensional space–time choreography that indicates how people conduct which activities in what order. A total of 1,000 individuals are sampled from the data of 2016 Household Travel Survey, South Korea. The data provide the information of individual activity‐travel behavior and personal characteristics. The suggested method computes the pairwise distance matrix, and Ward clustering algorithm segments the pattern groups of similar activity sequences and space–time trajectories. A CHAID analysis then associates personal and household characteristics with the pattern groups to identify important factors for the segmentation. The analysis provides a significant implication in both terms of research and practice in transportation.     

Storm after-effects observed at Ushuaia and Kerguelen

D-region disturbances have been detected at mid-latitudes after intense magnetic storms by means of a wide range of radiowave signals. Two different mechanisms have been suggested to account for these storm ‘after-effects’: one implies precipitation of energetic electrons from the radiation belt; the other, transport of neutral constituents from the auroral zones.This paper presents observations of abnormal enhancements of ionospheric absorption arising after two major magnetic storms occurring in March and April 1976. The measurements were made at Ushuaia (54.8°S, L = 1.7) and at Kerguelen (49.4°S, L = 3.7). The former were obtained by means of the pulse reflection method (A1) at MF and the latter by the riometer technique. It is shown that electron precipitation can explain the effects observed at Kerguelen but not those at Ushuaia which also depart significantly from the ‘winter anomaly’ trend observed at that site. The abnormal ionization at Ushuaia is attributed to transport from the southern auroral zone.     

A Storm of Changes Sweep over Tibetan Farmers and Herdsmen Led by the Qinghai-Tibetan Railway

From the opening traffic of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway,a major restriction on transportation to and from Tibet was finally removed. Such a change has had a massive impact on the economy of the Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR) as a whole and,in particular,on the rural Tibetans.In other words,the railway became a leading force in the re- structure and advancement of the Tibetan economy.     

A Storm of Changes Sweep over Tibetan Farmers and Herdsmen Led by the Qinghai-Tibetan Railway

From the opening traffic of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway,a major restriction on transportation to and from Tibet was finally removed. Such a change has had a massive impact on the economy of the Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR) as a whole and,in particular,on the rural Tibetans.In other words,the railway became a leading force in the re- structure and advancement of the Tibetan economy.