ACADEMIA AND THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT

In recent years a revolutionary shift has occurred in the federal goovernment—-higher education relationship. Why didn't higher education resist more vigorously federal encroachment in its autonomy? First, academia focused its attention on the wrong kind of threat. Second, federal involvement was useful for solving problems on campus and often was in keeping with objectives and values supported in academia institutions. Third, the rise of public institutions altered the receptivity of higher education to accepting federal funds and pursuing direct solutions to society's problems, i.e. to being “involved” at the expense of autonomy. Finally, higher education's traditional strategy of being aloof from partisan politics kept it from vigorously defending its interests. Alternatives for the future appear to be: 1) a reorganisation of higher education to make it a clear, systematic agent of national policy, or 2) a successful effort by higher education to convert itself into an effective national interest group.     

城市高姿态：试驾广汽丰田2013款汉兰达2.7L

周末从室内滑雪场回家的路上,发现汉兰达硕大的行李厢空间摆放滑雪装备这样的大件运动器材简直太合适了。这台车会让你明确一种对待生活的态度,把丰富多彩和柴米油盐统统装进来之后,还要让人高看一眼。     

THE NEED FOR PROGRAM AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT

This article makes the case for evaluation specific to local government. The article examines the impact of Proposition 13 in California with an eye toward the usefulness of program and performance evaluation. In an era of resource scarcity there is a need for enhanced performance. Performance evaluation is one way for local government administrators to enhance their programs and improve performance.     

一张经北洋政府批准发行的宜昌公济钱庄票

清代及民国时期,湖北地区诸多市县村镇的民间团体、商家或个人,曾发行过大量钱票,此类民间钱票,湖北地区通常称作“市票”,靠近江西、湖南局部地区,也称“花票”。但是,经历届政府的多次取缔与销毁,如今,湖北民间钱票仍流传于世者,与邻省相比,已颇为稀少,这也是诸多民间钱票图谱中,极少录载湖北民间钱票的重要原因之一。     

THE MEDIAN VOTER,VOTING, AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT EMPLOYMENT*

ABSTRACT This paper provides an explanation for the level of local government employment by developing a median voter model that allows for migration into and out of the city, a local government balanced-budget constraint, and voting behavior by public employees that reflects their role as both demanders and suppliers of local government goods. Unlike previous research, the model developed here explicitly considers voting (for the incumbent) probability density functions which furthermore need not be stationary. The main conclusions of the model are that, ceteris paribus, it is plausible that the level of local government employment varies inversely with the public employee wage demand and with the elasticity of the privately employed voting population with respect to the local tax rate but directly with the voter participation rate of public employees. Contrary to previous theoretical research, there is no determinate relationship between the level of local government employment and the voter participation rate of privately employed citizens. Inferences concerning the structure of local government are also discussed.     

FRESH COMMENTS ON NEGOTIATION BETWEEN THE 14TH DALAI LAMA AND THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT

Iwrote for China's Tibet of the topicbefore, and many of our readerswrote us explaining their under-standing for efforts made by theCentral Government in issues concerningnegotiation with the 14th Dalai Lama.However, the 14th Dalai astonishedthe world by lecturing on October 24,2001 in Strasbourg that he would work on"the Chinese leaders"for"a channel to beexploited,through negotiation with theChinese Government,for the settlementof problems that exist between China andTibet."     

从《申报》看苏州的私钱与禁私（1827-1877）

清代实行银钱平行本位,大数用银,小数用钱。制钱是民间主要的流通货币,银两只不过是国家财政和大宗贸易的计算出纳单位以及富裕人家的储藏手段。在清朝统治者入关前,就曾铸有“天命”、“天聪”两种铜钱,自顺治进关,到辛亥革命,前后历经十代皇帝,铸有十种年号钱。康熙、乾隆时代的铜钱质量、重量都很规范。