书法景观在景区旅游意象构建中的作用研究——以西安碑林为例

书法景观作为重要的文化景观,为游客提供多重信息,对游客感知和行为产生重要影响。纵观书法景观和旅游意象研究,尚不存在书法景观应用性价值研究及景观元素对目的地旅游意象构建作用的实证研究。本文以西安碑林为例,通过对书法景观功能维度进行划分,构建结构方程模型,探讨书法景观在景区旅游意象构建中的作用,为未来旅游规划和发展提供建设性指导。研究表明书法景观在旅游意象构建中发挥了积极作用,且不同的书法景观功能维度(审美体验功能、地方认同功能、行为导向功能)对景区旅游意象构建中的作用方式及强度不同。     

少数民族传统聚落景观基因的居民感知与认同特征——以通道芋头侗寨为例

本文以通道县芋头侗寨为研究区域,在识别鼓楼、风雨桥、寨门、萨坛、布局形态、图腾标志、环境因子等9个景观基因的基础上,从环境要素感知和文化心理认同的角度进行问卷及访谈调查。结果发现:1萨坛感知度最高,图腾感知度最低;2萨坛、鼓楼认同度较高,整体形态、图腾和参考环境认同度较低;3位置感知度最高,体积感知度最差;4情感认同度较高,功能认同度最低;5男性感知和认同明显高于女性;6文化程度对感知影响较大,对认同影响不明显;7居住时长对感知和认同有正向影响;8离村寨距离对感知与认同度由正向影响。     

基于SD法的公园景观综合感知研究——以福州市为例

本文以福州市主要的几个城市公园为研究样本,运用SD法,将声、味环境因素纳入公园景观的感知研究中,就声、味环境因素对评价者公园景观视觉感知的影响进行定量分析,揭示影响规律;并结合因子分析法,进行主要影响因子提取,为人性化的公园景观研究与设计提供参考。结果表明：声、味环境对评价者公园景观的视觉感知产生了明显的影响,且负面因素产生的影响比正面因素更为显著;声、味环境因素对于不同的公园景观视觉效果评价要素和因子的影响有所不同,心理要素和整体要素受影响程度最为显著,其次为环境要素;声、味环境因素影响下的公园景观视觉效果由形式因子、协调因子、空间因子、生态因子、污染因子、特色因子、认同因子和安全因子等8个评价轴构成。     

城市娱乐场所感知空间研究

伴随城市社会、经济的快速发展,城市居民生活方式发生着深刻地变化。城市娱乐消费已逐渐成为大多数人们日常生活的重要方面,对于城市娱乐场所的研究越来越受到城市社会学和城市地理学等学者的重视。为促进城市空间结构和城市社会生活和谐发展,创造良好的城市生活质量,提升城市价值,本文立足于人文主义的角度,运用行为学和心理学的研究手段,以人文地理学的社区和场所体系为基础,全面探讨了居民对城市娱乐场所的空间感知。     

地方记忆:空间感知基点影响地方依恋的关键因素

本文研究了空间感知基点的改变影响地方依恋持续性的关键因素。研究表明:①一个地方进行空间要素的形式改建、位置移动或色彩变换会导致空间感知基点的变化,进而引发地方依恋的减弱或中断,因变化后的空间物质要素和人们的地方记忆不符,从而引起地方的不认同。②当环境感知基点的改变迎合了人们的心理或某些功能需求后,地方记忆对地方依恋的支配地位便受到影响,因而依恋不会显著降低且可能增强。③地方记忆包括童年记忆,校园记忆和成年记忆,且内容一般与休闲活动相关,其中前两类最不容受侵犯。     

旅游者对广州饮食文化景观形象感知的实证研究

\"食在广州\"已成为一个集味觉享受、视觉感受和听觉冲击于一体的广州形象的宣传口号,成为广州吸引外地旅游者的重要品牌。通过对外地旅游者的抽样调查,探讨旅游者对广州饮食文化景观的形象感知特征,结果表明:①广州整体旅游形象中,购物突出,饮食居次;②传统美食和饮食习俗受偏爱;③旅游者注重餐馆的用餐环境和服务,总体上对餐馆表示满意;④广州饮食的多元化特征在旅游者感知中表现明显。旅游者对广州饮食文化景观形象感知特征对于科学合理的开发利用广州饮食文化景观资源有重要的理论与实践意义。     

旅游地景与地方的关联机理初探——基于空间与文化的交汇视角

对landscape旅游景观的判读传统由来已久。文章对landscape同源异形的景观与地景两种译法进行了比较,区分了旅游景观与旅游地景的异同,并将旅游地景分为\"成为的\"旅游地景、\"再造的\"旅游地景和\"创造的\"旅游地景。选用地景主要是考虑对其原意的尊重、强调土地在中华文明中的重要地位及重视其传导的地方性信息。研究从有形的空间与无形的文化相交汇的视角来探讨旅游地景与地方的关联机理,认为空间视角下的旅游地景与地方是\"依附中的割裂\"关系,文化视角下的地方与旅游地景则呈现出\"渗透下的不可控\"的关系。研究提出了处理旅游地景与地方关系的理想模式,即由多方均衡参与的基础支持和内外融合的策略来实现神形兼备的目标的全方位一体化融入模式。     

城市区位景观尊严规划研究

20世纪60、70年代以来,西方发达国家的城市景观空间研究由\"物质景观\"转向了\"物质与文化景观并重\"的研究,其本质在于从人本主义视角探究不同景观的区位价值和区位重构关系,尤其关注城市日常生活空间质量观下的人居环境景观与景观的社会公正配置与规划,从而响应不同的区位价值,满足阶层化下的人的区位尊严需求。本文重在从行为文化区位景观价值视角探讨城市区位景观价值的演变特征、区位景观理论的内涵与构成及区位文化景观尊严规划的原理构成等。     

Etching the Law on the Land: The Role of Landscape and Custom in Defining the Space of the Hungarian Village in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries

Abstract

This article explores the interaction between the historical landscape of Hungary and the structure of rural society that developed therefrom. It establishes the means through which the Hungarian peasantry were able to construct the spatial order of the village in response to the particular environment of the Hungarian plain, and how this informed attempts to reform Hungarian rural society in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. In this, it argues that customary practices and customary rights, in particular ‘beating the bounds’ (határjárás), provided a means for the peasantry to assert their own claims to the landscape in the face of reforms imposed from beyond the boundaries of the village.     

To whom,and for whom,must I respond? Negotiating responsibility during the last years of East German state socialism

This paper reconsiders the practice of responsibility during the last years of East German state socialism. It treats the matter of responsibility as a kind of dialogue, attending to the various ways in which people were called upon to respond to and account for their actions and those of others across a range of circumstances and predicaments. It addresses several basic questions, among them: What did the ordinary practice of responsibility look like in the East? How did this requirement to respond to and for others affect the arrangements of ordinary living? More specifically, how did the practice of responsibility work out geographically? The approach taken here is both practical and analytic. It attends to the practical and constitutive aspects of dilemmas of responsibility across a range of situations. It is also historical and ethnographic, based on the city and district of Rostock, and drawing upon a range of primary source materials, from security reports to interviews to sermons delivered during the 1980s. The paper shows some of the ways in which the practice of responsibility played itself out in relation to place. For example, residents themselves invoked a rhetoric of responsibility, criticizing local officials for being unresponsive or indifferent to their concerns. Others found ways to generate ambiguity about how the rules of the state were to be applied in particular circumstances. Finally, some residents simply refused to socialize and otherwise assume responsibility for certain others both at work and at home.     

语言景观研究进展：地方主体的空间实践

本文以地方主体性理论为切入点梳理语言景观相关文献,以构建主体为分析框架,从“国家”、“私人机构”和“多元主体互动”三方面综述语言景观的研究。不同主体通过空间实践达到规训、表达、压迫和抵抗等目的,而语言景观则是这些实践的中介和结果。自上而下的语言政策表现为国家作为主体对地方的规训;反之,由个体作为构建主体的语言景观是主体表达自我和抵抗他者的实践。流动性较强的地方,多元主体通过语言景观互动构建地方性,其语言景观是资本、文化和权力多重力量作用下的实践过程和结果。过去语言学视角的研究只关注单主体的空间实践,未来采取跨学科研究可进一步探寻多主体互动过程与结果,更全面地发掘语言景观在地方构建中的作用以及构建的地方意义。     

‘Time-twisted space’: an exploration of the synaesthetic continuum through the work of Vladimir Nabokov

ABSTRACT

The synaesthetic author Vladimir Nabokov undertakes extensive consideration of the relationship between time and space, and its manifestation in human perception, throughout his fictional and autobiographical writing. The following dissertation considers this in the light time–space synaesthesia, a neurological phenomenon where time is visualized in a spatial form often external to the subject’s body. Using the idea that synaesthesia exists on a continuum alongside common constructs integral to cognitive perception such as cross-modality and metaphor, these three will be explored in detail in Nabokov’s work through a multidisciplinary lens incorporating literature, cognitive science, philosophy and anthropology.     

Women’s everyday spirituality in Diamond Way Buddhism: an auto-photographic study

The Western world is experiencing increasing popularity of new religious movements whose adherents tend to spirituality, a subjective, personal form of religion. These spiritual forms shape the spaces of everyday life, their meanings, perceptions, and experiences, which is starting to be reflected in new geographies of religion. In Czechia, one of the most rapidly growing new religious movements is Diamond Way Buddhism. This contribution focuses on how Diamond Way spirituality is lived and experienced in space. The paper explores this phenomenon using the method of auto-photography. We asked six women to photograph places important to them in their daily lives and interpret their spiritual meaning. This method allows exploration of women’s spirituality in the everyday spaces where it is perceived and experienced, such as kitchens, buses, or natural sites. The results show that women have a specific way of experiencing Buddhism in seemingly secular space which they describe through feminine characteristics of transcendence. Everyday spaces become spiritual through the subjects’ emotional and continual experiencing of Buddhism, while the officially sacred space of a Buddhist center is incorporated into everyday life activities of women. The division between sacred and secular spaces often described by scholars is therefore challenged.     

个人性初始风景与心理差异对旅游地选择偏好的影响

本研究首先将个人性初始风景定义为人们未成年时期曾生活的、并受到很大影响的居住地景象,进而探讨了“个人性初始风景”、以及两个心理学尺度对个人旅游地选择偏好的内心影响作用。本研究选择了98位日本女子大学生作为调查对象,使其回答有关个人性初始风景与旅游地选择偏好的问题,并对他们进行了两个心理学尺度（自我监测与刺激欲求）的测度。结果表明,个人性初始风景中较少含有农村性风景成分的调查对象,则具有“逃逸”倾向,多选择娱乐性旅游地作为出行目的地。另一方面,个人性初始风景中,含有较高的农村风景成分,则趋向于选择冒险性旅游地。另外,具有很高自我监测能力的人们多选择自然或自然性的旅游地。