党的十六大为国史研究开辟了新的发展前景

我刊于2002年12月10日召开编委会,座谈学习贯彻党的十六大精神的体会和十六大报告对国史研究的指导意义。大家认为,十六大报告充分体现了“三个代表”重要思想,贯穿着解放思想、实事求是、与时俱进的精神,是一篇凝聚党心、振奋军心、鼓舞民心的马克思主义光辉文献,是全党全国做好一切工作的指南。认真学习十六大精神、全面准确地理解十六大报告,对于我们进一步搞好国史研究具有十分重要的意义。现将与会者的发言以笔谈形式刊出,以飨读者。     

毛泽东思想和邓小平理论的异同及其相互联系

马克思列宁主义在同中国实际相结合的过程中,有两次历史性飞跃,产生了两大理论成果,而邓小平理论则是“当代中国的马克思主义”,是指引我们建设有中国特色社会主义的伟大旗帜,是我们在学习马克思主义时所要掌握的“中心内容”。邓小平理论和毛泽东思想是一脉相承的,毛泽东思想孕育和启迪了邓小平理论,邓小平理论则继承和发展了毛泽东思想,为了学好邓小平理论,就必须深入研究毛泽东思想,研究毛泽东思想和邓小平理论的相互关系。本通过深入研究分析,从哲学层面抽象、总结出毛泽东思想和邓小平理论五个方面的同一性,六个方面的区别点和三个方面的相互作用、相互联系。这对于我们深入学习、研究邓小平理论,指导中国特色社会主义建设是极具借鉴和遍作用的。     

The Two Europes

In pursuit of the question of European identity, this paper applies Ramón Menéndez Pidal's idea of the two Spains to the whole of Europe, setting up the contrast between traditional and modernist Europe. Though the most traditionalist societies have usually engaged in various forms of “updating,” and most modernists wish some connection with the past, the dividing line between the Two Europes was the Enlightenment and French Revolution. On the one side we have the “pious,” those who want to retain much of the past and walk in their fathers’ footsteps. Commonly these either are religious or tolerant of religion. On the other side we have those trying to create a new cultural space separated from some ancien régime. Often these are hostile to religion. Though probably Southern Europe is more traditionalist than Northern, the two Europes are found across Europe intermingled. The goal of this essay is to delineate the nature of each of the two Europes.     

The movement: Two views

Paul Ormonde, The Movement, Thomas Nelson (Aust.), Melbourne, 1972, pp. xxiii + 198, $5.95.     

散文二题

捅蜂窝 我家乡所在的湟水谷地东部农村,随时可见到上下翻飞、自由鸣唱的蜜蜂和马蜂。相对来说,在人居处蜜蜂较多,在山野里马蜂较多。蜜蜂、马蜂大多由一个个蜂群组成,每个蜂群都有一个蜂王、     

Between Two Poles: The Last Two Decades of the Cold War

Raymond L. Garthoff. Détente and Confrontation: American-Soviet Relations from Nixon to Reagan     

The Two Earliest Maps of Hull

Abstract

This article seeks to date more accurately the two earliest-known maps of Hull. From both internal and external evidence, it is suggested that both are military engineers’ plans of fortifications, one probably drawn in 1538/9, the other in 1541/2.     

大城市中心市区续志编修的新探索--从两部续志中得到的启迪

本通过上海两部新版城市中心区续志的编修,论述了城市中心区志在续修过程中如何反映时代特色,如何处理与前志的继承与创新的关系等问题。并将两部续志的编修经验归结为承、缩、并、变、删、增、补7个字。     

The character of creativity: Two traditions

Throughout Western history there have been two sharply differentiated beliefs about the character of creativity. However, one of these beliefs—Judaeo-Christian and neo-Platonic—has occupied such a dominant position that the very existence of the other has been obscured and ignored. Yet the evidence for this second belief is no less extensive or vivid. It has never been formulated in the same way as the first and so has never constituted a tradition as such; yet it has existed over as long a period of time and can therefore be called a tradition. Moreover, this second belief seems to bear a closer relation to the character of creativity displayed by people regarded as ‘creative’, as well as to what we have learnt about creativity in this century from psychologists. Attitudes to creativity in the modern period have generally been based on the first tradition, but the activities of creative people have borne out the validity of the second tradition. The attitudes, in other words, have been based on false expectations. To recover the lost tradition, therefore, may enable us to see more accurately what we may or may not achieve by being creative.     

The Two Social Philosophies of Ostroms' Institutionalism

The article argues that Ostroms' institutionalism has a dimension that is complex and profound enough to deserve to be considered a “social theory” or a “social philosophy.” The article pivots around the thesis that the “social philosophy” behind the Bloomington School's research agenda has in fact two facets that may or may not be consistent with each other. The article describes the main features of the two facets, offers a brief overview of the development of these ideas, and clarifies their relationship to Public Choice theory and alternative visions of public goods analysis, public administration, and governance. The argument goes further to raise the provocative question whether the two “social philosophies” involved in the approach undertaken by Elinor Ostrom and Vincent Ostrom are necessarily and inseparably connected with the rest of their research program.     

The history of cultural anthropology: Two views

Elvin J. Hatch. Theories of Man and Culture. New York: Columbia University Press, 1973. viii + 384 pp. References and index. $12.00.

Paul J. Bohannan and Mark Glazer, eds. High Points in Anthropology. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1973. xix + 449 pp. References. $6.95.     

Two Stoves,Two Refrigerators,Due Cucine: The Italian immigrant home with two kitchens

Many Italian North Americans have two kitchens in their homes: one on the first floor, and a second in the basement. While this set-up is pervasive in cities across North America, homes with two kitchens are uncommon in Italy. This article explores the significance of the basement kitchen in first-generation Italian homes in Canada and the United States. Examining homes of various typologies in and around Toronto, Montreal and New York, purchased by Italian immigrants between 1950 and 1980, this paper argues that for Italian women the basement kitchen is a liberating space, free from the constraints of formality and traditional room divisions.     

Two Careers across Two Cultures

Beginning with my recollection of hearing C. P. Snow's ‘Two Cultures’ lecture, I sketch my experience of building two academic careers in succession, first in one of the natural sciences and later in the history of such sciences. I outline both the difficulties and the rewards that I encountered in crossing the alleged gulf between the sciences and the humanities, but also emphasise the diversity of cultures that I experienced within each. I describe my own encounter with the academic culture of continental Europe, within which the concept of a monolithic singular ‘Science’ could be dismissed as an ‘anglophone heresy’, and viewed from which the Two Cultures debate could seem both provincial and redundant.     

The Igbo: Two New Views and a Critique

Mark P. Leone, ed. Contemporary Archaeology: A Guide to Theory and Contributions. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1972. xiv + 460 pp. Maps, figures, bibliography, and index. $15.00 (cloth), $8.95 (paper).