The view of life and death in different poems

The view of life and death is the fundamental in human’s life, is a nation’s, or a country’s most intrinsic and most profound value about human life, it is also an important theme of ethics and philosophy. The celebration of life and for centuries, they all take life and death seriously, but they also have different views towards death and life. This article will center on major American poets such as Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Emily Dickinson, Robert Frost, Walt Whitman and so on. This article will try to have a discussion on the basis of ethical review and interpretation about the view of life and death, to reveal the similarities and differences about the view of life and death in different poets’ poems, to find a method for us to learn about how to adapt to the modern civilization on the basis of ethical review and interpretation, how to understand human life and death how to face life and death, how to survive beyond life and death how to live a wonderful life through understanding human life and death in a proper way.     

The Analysis of Lin Yutang’s Humor

Lin Yutang is called the master humorist in China.He advocates humor and spiritual literature in his magazine Lun Yu(Analects)which attracts essays and readership.His informal but polished style in both Chinese and English makes him one of the most influential writers of his generation,and his compilations and translations of classic Chinese texts into English are bestsellers in the West.Humor is a distinctive feature in his works.In his book,he uses humor as he sees appropriate,and through humor he criticizes social realities,depicts characters and introduces original expressions,etc.His humor can be related to some aspects in his life.In this paper,I will briefly analysis Lin’s sense of humor and how Lin’applies humor in his works.     

A Study on the Themes of Emily Dickinson’s Poetries

In the brilliant American literature area, Emily Dickinson is a mysterious figure who attracts readers deeply. She was born in an upper class family in New England of American in the 19th century, which is never married. She was one of the most outstanding poets. Her poems have extensive subjects and deep thoughts, and renowned with plain but eternal language. In her poetry, Emily Dickinson explored the theme on death, eternity, love and na- ture. This paper is just an attempt to help the readers to under- stand her complex themes of her poetries. She praised the nature and holy love, describe the essence of death and eternity. Dickin- son’s poems are usually based on her experiences, her sorrows and joys.     

The Order of Sima Chengzhen and Wang Ziqiao: An Inquiry into the History of Shangqing Daoism in the Tiantai Mountains

Though small,this work is important for the study of Taoist history.It throws a better light on one of its major representatives,Sima Chengzhen 司马承祯(647-735),12th patriarch of the Shangqing 上清 tradition,a blooming Taoist school under the Tang (618-907).Ute Engelhardt had certainly already studied him notably with her translation of one of his principal texts on the breath technics;Livia Kohn too has worked on one of his short texts on meditation and Paul Kroll has written several articles on his poetry.But Thomas Jülch brings a new vision of this Taoist and his essential role on the legitimation of imperial power with the moving of the Shangqing tradition center to the Tiantai Mountains 天台山.     

Ng,Wing Chung.The Rise of Cantonese Opera

Wing Chung Ng's long-awaited second monograph does not disappoint.Ng turns his scrupulous analytical and research skills to the unwieldy,transient world of stage performers and the business of Cantonese opera as it evolved from the late nineteenth to the first half of the twentieth century.Drawing on his nostalgia and experiences with popular regional entertainment while growing up in Hong Kong,the author has pieced together a vivid portrait of a constantly adapting,transnational business whose networks reached far into the Cantonese diaspora.     

传统女红艺术现代化的先行者——沈寿与她的《雪宦绣谱》

Shen Shou is living modern times setes up revolutionary art of girl modern times education. and self wards off the way. and is the first to do to pay attention to the west in the painting that glossy image is light and shade and the viewpoint that copyd in the realistic writing, the transformation is thawed embroidery in the centre of, smashs China copys in a few thousand the embroidery tradition, morcover by means of the combination against the modern times industry maneuver,the effect coming into being causes this traditional technology advance up the hitherto unknown fresh field of vision.     

＂Bankers Are Stingy？＂ Re-Examining Stock Exchanges and Public Debt in Prewar Shanghai （1920s-1930s）

This review article surveys new studies of China＇s economy in the early twentieth century that have been published in both China and the West. It analyses the nuances that we find in these recently published studies and how those might improve our conventional understanding of the era, with particular emphasis on the link between fiscal revenue and stock-exchanges. First, a detailed introduction treats the evolution, beginning in the nineteenth century, of Shanghai＇s segmented stock exchanges in the context of wider global currents. Section two reprises the still common notion that heavy domestic borrowing by the Nationalist （Kuornintang, or GMD） government in the 1920s-1930s forestalled industrialization. Section three discusses at length the degree to which Chinese banks in that period may be seen as merely a GMD conduit of borrowing. Chinese banks were probably more conducive to Shanghai＇s industrialization than is usually acknowledged, and they also played a key role in stabilizing China＇s monetary environment well beyond their perceived focus on managing public debt. But more evidence needs to come to light, and this article sets out the areas in which future research might advance our knowledge. The conclusion will underscore how the various findings of scholars might, as a whole, remould current conceptions.     

Official Life： Homoerotic Self-Representation and Theater in Li Ciming＇s Yuemantang Riji

Homoerotic play was central to the recreational culture of theatergoing from the mid-Qing to the beginning of the twentieth century, especially in Beijing. Theatergoing literati in particular played an important role in the production and reproduction of an elite, theater-based, homoerotic sub-culture, heavily investing themselves in the pursuit of social distinction. While it is important not to underestimate the importance of lower-status audiences in the popularisation of Peking opera, the literati doubtlessly considered themselves the aesthetic vanguard in terms of both the judgment of staged drama and the literary promotion of romances between themselves and the boy-actors offstage. Unlike ＂flower-guides＂ （Huapu） that circulated between friends, diaries from the period record private thoughts on the scene that would not, and could not, be expressed in public. Drawing on the diary of the influential late-Qing scholar-official Li Ciming （1830-94）, I focus on the question of how an understanding of public participation entered Li＇s diaries, as well as examining what his self-representations have to say about Qing literati ownership of homoerotic sensibilities and spaces, which is to say, how he saw himself as presenting to others and how that self-presentation is （re-）presented in his writing.     

Abstracts

Structural Features and Expressions of Five-Character Poem in Western Jin： Also on Differences between ＂Weizhi＂ and ＂Jinzao＂
Ge xiaoyin （p. 1）
The most significant change of the five-character poem in Western Jin, compared with Han and Wei dynasties, was diversifications in chapter structure and Symmetry in words. Structure changes of the five-character poem in Western Jin which started in the Wei Dynasty drove the poetry out of the single scene of Han＇s poety and be able to organize different time and space scenes more freely, elaborating the scenes, event progress or mentalities completely. These may be the reason West Jin＇s poetry was called cumbersome rhetoric, but also the reason the capacity of the five-character poem was expanded greatly, which was the very stage of five-character poem from Han and Wei to Jin and Liu Song dynasties.     

梵文写本《牟尼意趣庄严论》摹写本——第1章:叶4r3-7v4（英文）

<正>Abhaya?karagupta(ca. 11–12 th century) is widely known for a number of his compositions. Among the 21 works attributed to him by the Derge Tanjur, nineteen are allocated to the Tantra section, one to the Praj?a?pa?ramita? section, and two to the Madhyamaka section. Of these, the Munimata?lam?ka?ra, in the Madhyamaka section, is     

CONSTRUCTING ALLIANCES: A NEW PERSPECTIVE ON MARK ANTONY'S PARTHIAN CAMPAIGN OF 36 BC

<正>Making sense of Mark Antony’s political and military dealings in the Eastern Mediterranean in the period from the Battle of Philippi(in 42 BC)~2 until the Battle of Actium(in 31)is not a straightforward matter.With Antony having been brought into disrepute under the hand of Octavian/Augustus,modern observers are constantly faced with the difficulty of establishing to what extent the literary     

《法称定量论》的藏译本——试论俄·洛丹喜饶的译本(英文)

<正>Introduction The contribution of rNgog Blo ldan shes rab(1059—1109)(hereafter:rNgog Lo)to the developments of Buddhist scholarship in general at the beginning of the Later Diffusion of Buddhism in Tibet(phyi dar)is a highly significant one.In the field of epistemology in particular rNgog Lo’s translations and commentarial works constituted the corner stones for the emergence of a leading tradition of Tibetan tshad ma at the monastery of gSang phu     

Abstracts

A New Study on Chronology of Lu Zhi＇s Life and His Poetry Works
This article is a comprehensive and systematic summary of Lu Zhi＇ slife based on the research conducted in the last thirty years. Each unit is chronologically arranged from his early life and each assignment of his official position. His articles and poems ale also compiled chronologically to conduct a concrete and in depti~ research according to the historical background, language usage, time, and location. In addition to the research achievement of the previous scholars, the author has added some newly discovered documents and works and provided some unique interpretation on Lu Zhi＇ slife and his literature works.     

Discussion on the Symbolic Meanings of The Old Man and the Sea

The Old Man and the Sea is a novella which is created by American modern fictions writer Hemingway in 1952. And it is also the author＆#39;s last published novel during his lifetime. Once it appeared, it caused a strong international reper-cussions and set off a burst of＆quot;Hemingway hot＆quot;in literary circles at that time. It tells a story of Cuban fisherman Santiago who did not catch any fish in eighty-four sequential days. And at that case, he finally caught a big marlin by himself. But the fish is too big, he took three days to drag it exhausted and tied up in the side of his boat. However, fortune is fickle, he attacked by sharks repeatedly in the return journey. Finally, he returned to harbour with only a head, a tail and a spine of the fish. In such difficult conditions, Santiago went to sea again with a child.     

《牟尼意庄严论》梵文版中新发现的稀有佛典片段的调查报告（英文）

<正>Among some 21 works attributed to Abhayakaragupta (ca.11~(th)-12~(th) century),one of the last great panditas of Indian Mahay ana Buddhism,19 are allocated to the Tantra section,one to the Prajnaparamita section,and two to the Madhyamaka section.2Of these,the Munimatalamkara,in the Madhyamaka section,is one of the most comprehensive and systematic works among his non-Tantric works,consisting of about220 folia in the Derge Tanjur (D 3903,mdo grel,A 73b1-293a7).One might call the     

文学与翻译

<正>Generally, literary styles are used widely, such as novels, prose, poems, and plays. They have common characters: abundant words, lively language, variant syntax and different style. Literature is the art that uses language as a medium. Literature is a performance in words. It is the work of men who are especially sensitive to the language of their time and who use the skill of language to make permanent their vision of life. It’s very important and very difficult to retain the style of the original works while translating.     

Chinese Socialism as Vernacular Cosmopolitanism

This paper follows the life of an idea, a fundamental concept in modern Chinese intellectual life： socialism. It explores this idea as an alternative form of Chinese cosmopolitanism, drawing from Pheng Cheah＇s identification of two kinds of Chinese cosmopolitanism： mercantile and revolutionary. If part of what we mean by cosmopolitanism is the local use of an external, or international, or otherwise ＂independent＂ （relative to local power and practice） ideology or discourse to promote an agent＇s sense of social good at home and connection to the world, then the ways that socialist thought, ideology and praxis have been employed in China in the twentieth century constitute one such strain of cosmopolitanism. Shehuizhuyi （socialism） meant related but significantly different things to Chinese in the twentieth century. This essay argues that Chinese socialism can be viewed as a version of vernacular cosmopolitanism through two examples： Wang Shiwei in the 1940s and Deng Tuo in the 1960s, as well as the discourse of Pan-Asianism before and after the Mao era. Chinese socialism was as much a terrain of debate and contestation about what it means to be ＂Chinese and modern＂ as it was a shared vocabulary and set of aspirations. All along it has been able to play the role of cosmopolitan thought for some influential Chinese thinkers and doers--connecting China to the world in order to pursue universal values.     

Restoration of a calligraphy work by Yang Jisheng北大核心

While traditional techniques are still used for the restoration of calligraphy and painting works, modern analytical technologies can also be included to achieve cultural relic restoration effects by following the relevant principles. This paper takes the restoration of a calligraphy work by Yang Jisheng in the collection of Fengxian Museum as a case to show how the combination of modern analytical technologies and traditional restoration techniques—by selecting suitable materials for restoration and conservation through the analysis of disease types, paper materials and mounting characteristics of the work—can achieve the best restoration effect. © 2023, Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology. All Rights Reserved.     

Body Rainbow

Editor’s Notes:Jigme Phungyel is a famous Tibetan novelist.Almost 20 years ago, his novel Tibetans in Beijing vividly recorded several Tibetan youths’ lives and their confusions in modern city in the 1980s. Later, he went to Tibet