A World of Clay Architecture In Ngari

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Clay models of Phoenician vessels in the Hecht Museum at the University of Haifa, Israel

Two clay models of boats have recently been added to the collection of the Hecht Museum at the University of Haifa. The models are of rowing boats, with three and five pairs of oarsmen respectively. They probably represent harbour service boats or ceremonial sailings near a harbour. Their analysis is based on similar artefacts found underwater along the same coast and related to the same Phoenician culture. The origin of the artefacts is apparently from close to Tyre, and they can be dated to the 5th century BCE. They may have been from a temple favissa .     

Dung-tempered Clay

Abstract

Cow manure was added to clay and fired in an electric kiln to examine its effect on the plasticity and firing ability of the clay. Two firing temperatures were tried. The experiment and the results are reported here. Dung was used. and continues to be used. as a tempering material and additive to increase plasticity in pottery around the world.     

高密聂家庄泥塑调查报告

山东高密的民间艺术有“三绝”——剪纸、扑灰年画和聂家庄泥塑。我有幸于2002年11月、2003年9月、11月曾先后三次来到聂家庄,亲眼见到了聂家庄泥塑,亲手试做了泥塑,并生活在泥塑艺人之家,亲身体验了泥塑之家的生活,进行了较为深入的调查,在此基础之上使我更深刻地认识了聂家庄泥塑,同时也更为其前景担忧。在现代科学日新月异的今天,民间艺术生存的土壤越来越少,我们曾经引以为荣的老祖宗留下的民间艺术正在大量地消亡和流失,而聂家庄泥塑也面临这种危机,这让人非常痛惜。因此,特别希望我的调查和研究能有助于聂家庄泥塑的挖掘、抢救和保护。     

Global Markets, Local Practice: Ottoman-period Clay Pipes and Smoking Paraphernalia from the Red Sea Shipwreck at Sadana Island, Egypt

Shipwreck archaeology provides unique evidence for trade, commercial relationships, and the day-to-day existence of occupational communities defined by residence and employment within the industrial space aboard a ship. These concerns are addressed particularly well by finds of utilitarian items such as a small assemblage of 21 clay pipes and three other smoking-related artifacts recently excavated from the ca. 1765 Sadana Island ship which sank at anchor while loaded with coffee, porcelain, qulal, and other goods. Analysis of the assemblage specifically contributes to questions of chronology and typology and presents new evidence for regionalism, style, and the impact of far-reaching trade routes on markets with a global perspective.     

浅谈青州泥塑

<正>泥塑,顾名思义,就是以泥土为原料,塑制而成的艺术品,或素装、或彩绘。题材丰富多样,以人物、动物为主,其中人物大多带有故事性。泥塑作为我国一种古老而常见的民间艺术,通过对黄土的眷恋之情来展现黄土的艺术魅力,是中国罕见的装饰品。她源于生活,而又高于生活,并随着时代的发展而不断演变。当今,随着社会的变革,新材料、新技术的应用,新事物不断涌现,再加上利益的趋势,工业化大批量生产,使得传统的泥塑工艺被渐渐淡忘,拯救泥塑这种非物质文化遗产已势     

Clay Forests in Zada

One summer some years ago, two friends of mine, who were notedcameramen, and I ventured into Ngari. We left Beijing and went from Lhasa, Gyangze, Tingri, Burang, Zada and eventually reached Shiquanhe, capital of Ngari Prefecture. Our trip lasted for some 40 days, covering a distance of 14,390 km. We encountered many new things sights. However, what was most interesting was what is known today as the Clay Forests in Zada.Clay Forest and Zada County SeatIt was a mid-August day, the ninth on our trip to Ngari. We set out from the     

孔头沟遗址铭文芯与西周铭文制作方法

陕西岐山孔头沟遗址铸铜作坊内出土的一件西周晚期刻字陶范,其上残存3字,皆阴刻、反书。从形制、颜色、字形、浇铸面金属元素成分等方面,判断该范为芯而非模,阴刻字乃底稿线。从铭文字体与格线、制范技术基础、出土铜器铭文等多方面论证,该铭文芯所见西周铭文制作方法,可称为"堆塑泥条芯作铭法"。     

A gun-casting furnace at Scarlets,Cowden, Kent

Abstract

A timber-lined casting pit was installed between 1590 and 1664 at the blast furnace at Scarlets, Cowden, Kent. The methods of construction are similar to those used at Maynards Gate and Pippingford, Sussex. The adjacent floor is a feature paralleled at Pippingford and at Rockley, Yorkshire. The furnace has been thoroughly robbed of its stone, but its position and orientation can be satisfactorily established; evidence was found for refurbishing at the end of the 17th century, yet it seems likely that abandonment came before 1717.     

The Hemerdon China Clay Works,Devon: A History and Description of the Site and Working Methods

This article presents an overview of the Hemerdon China Clay Works, 6 miles north-east of Plymouth (Devon), active from c.1860 to 1942. Based on research commissioned in advance of an extension to Headon West Quarry, it describes the development of the clay works and the methods of clay extraction and processing. Archaeological survey recorded a broad range of structures, features, earthworks and artefacts. They included the remains of an engine house of c.1907, two large masonry bases (probably associated with the flat rod system that transferred power from the engine) and a rocker beam. The article also describes a group of mica drags and settling tanks built c.1907. Combining this evidence with that gleaned from documentary sources, notably the large-scale Ordnance Survey mapping, an exceptionally detailed narrative has been constructed of the work's development through time. It has a relevance beyond the particular, and will help the future interpretation and management of the china clay extraction sites that are so characteristic of the region.     

A Dark-Age Settlements at Maxey,Northants

SUMMARY

A dark-age settlement was discovered at Maxey during gravel-quarrying and partly excavated before destruction to reveal at least seven rectangular buildings ranging from 30 ft. to 50 ft. in length and 16 ft. to 20 ft. in width. They were all of post-hole construction but there were instances of post-holes in trenches, post-holes joined by wall-trenches, and, once, a central beam-slot. Near by were smaller ancillary structures including pits surrounded by post-holes, perhaps storage-huts. Open hearths, pits of various types and boundary-ditches were also found. The pottery was of an unusual type, but the small finds suggest that both it and the settlement are of the middle Saxon period.     

Churchwarden Clay Tobacco-Pipes and the Southorn Pipemaking Family of Broseley,Shropshire

Abstract

The origin of the term ‘Churchwarden pipe’, now used to describe any long-stemmed clay—and sometimes even brier—pipe, is examined and the suggestion made that it was originally invented by the prominent Broseley, Shropshire, clay pipemaking family of Southorn to describe a specific type among their long-stemmed pipes. The Southorn family, whose products were possibly the premier-quality British clay pipes of the nineteenth and early twentieth century, is also discussed in the light of available evidence, much of which is confused or contradictory.     

English Clay Tobacco Pipes bearing the Royal Arms from Williamsburg,Virginia

Abstract

The heraldic changes in the royal coat of arms between 1688 and 1801 are noted. Tobacco pipes from Williamsburg bearing these arms during the early Hanoverian period are described. They are principally found on tavern sites, but the reason for this is uncertain. The pipes are of British manufacture and possible pipe-makers are discussed. A photographic technique using a rotating stand enables all the pipe bowl to be illustrated on one photograph.     

A Medieval Pottery Kiln at Audlem,Cheshire

BUILDING ACCOUNTS for 1398–99 give detailed costs of the construction of a circular, brick, free-standing artillery tower. The artillery towers at Southampton and Canterbury were linked to existing wall circuits, and detached forts in France may be more comparable to the tower at Norwich.     

A Pre-Norman Field-System at Hen Domen,Montgomery

SURVEY of a field, immediately north of the early Norman motte-and-bailey castle of Hen Domen, Montgomery, revealed ridge-and-furrow, averaging 4 m. in width, cut by the outer ditch of the bailey. Excavation demonstrated that the ridge-and-furrow extended under the inner rampart of the bailey. Pollen analysis of the buried soil showed the former presence of cereals and the weeds of cultivation. A Carbon-14 date from charcoal in the buried soil reinforced the view that this field-system was in use before the Norman conquest.