Archaeology in the Graduate School

Abstract

The Graduate Center for Ancient Studies was established at the University of Minnesota in 1973. Archaeology as an interdisciplinary study plays a major role in the program. This article discusses the rationale and the operation of the Center.     

Groping Toward Globalization: In Search of an Anthropology Without Boundaries

Donal B. Cruise O'Brien. Saints and Politicians: Essays in the Organization of a Senegalese Peasant Society. African Studies Series 15. New York and London: Cambridge University Press, 1975. 213 pp. Tables, bibliographies and index. $13.95.

Patrick Cole. Modern and Traditional Elites in the Politics of Lagos. African Studies Series 12. New York and London: Cambridge University Press, 1975. 297 pp. Bibliography and index. $17.50.     

On not receiving money from African dictators: A case study in moral politics (Respond to this article at http://www.therai.org.uk/at/debate)

The resignation of the director of the London School of Economics as a result of links with Gaddafi recalls an episode when the author was Director of the Centre of African Studies at the University of Cambridge. The Nigerian dictator offered to fund a fellowship in the name of his wife, to general approval including that of Nigerian students. This story provokes some reflections on morality and politics featuring Shakespeare's profound insight into the tension between the collective interest and personal morality. Dirty money continues to flow into the coffers of prestigious institutions, but it remains the case that this prestige may be used for good or ill.     

REVIEWS

Chinese Lineage and Society: Fukien and Kwangtung. By Maurice Freedman. University of London, The Athlone Press, 1966. (London School of Economics Monographs on Social Anthropology, No. 33.) Price in England, 37/6.     

Tracks Across the Irwell: From the Liverpool & Manchester Railway to the Ordsall Chord

ABSTRACT

Archaeological excavations and built heritage recording has been undertaken by Salford Archaeology (based within the Centre for Applied Archaeology, University of Salford) during the construction of a new rail link across the River Irwell between Manchester and Salford, known as the ‘Ordsall Chord’. The new bridge links existing lines of historic importance, and also crosses the extant remains of the world’s first passenger steam railway, the Liverpool & Manchester Railway, being carried over the Grade I designated ‘Stephenson's Bridge’ at approximately deck level. Six further Grade II designated structures were also affected by the scheme, as were the below-ground remains of a dye works that predated the opening of the railway in the 1830s, and a large livestock market that grew adjacent to the improved transport infrastructure provided by the rail network. This paper discusses the archaeological work undertaken on this important early transport hub during the construction programme in 2015–18.     

Animal bones and human behavior

A.T. Clason, ed. Archaeozoological Studies. New York: American Elsevier (Amsterdam: North‐Holland), 1975. xvi + 477 pp. List of participants, index, figures, tables, and chapter references. English (29 articles), German (16 articles), and French (3 articles). $45.00 cloth.

B.D. Smith. “Middle Mississippi Exploitation of Animal Populations.” Ann Arbor: University of Michigan (Museum of Anthropology) Anthropological Paper no. 57, 1975. xii + 233 pp. List of figures and tables, appendices, bibliography. $4.00 paper.

R.W. Casteel. Fish Remains in Archaeology and Paleo‐environmental Studies. New York: Academic Press, 1976. x +180 pp. References, author and subject indices. $14.80 cloth.

L.R. Binford, ed. For Theory Building in Archaeology: Essays on Faunal Remains, Aquatic Resources, Spatial Analysis, and Systemic Modeling. New York: Academic Press, 1977. xviii + 419 pp. List of contributors, figures, and tables, chapter references, author and subject indices. $24.50 cloth.     

Hill Pits,Blaenavon

Abstract

The Hill Pits presents to the Industrial Archaeologist a number of interesting items for study and speculation. Not only are there the remains of the pits themselves, but also the major part of the system of communications that linked the workings with the Blaenavon Ironworks, now in the care of the Secretary of State for Wales. This system of communications comprises a tramroad and inclined plane with the remains of a brake engine at the head of the latter.

This paper is the result of field work conducted under the auspices of the Department of Extra-Mural Studies, University College, Cardiff by the Blaenavon Class in Industrial Archaeology.     

The Consorts of King Wu and King Wen in the Bronze Inscriptions of Early Chou

Abstract

Daodejing is an essential text in Chinese culture. The number of its English translations exceeds a total of 112 editions. The first one was produced by John Chalmers, who was a Scottish missionary from London Missionary Society stationed in Hong Kong and Canton for a long period of time. Chalmers's close missionary colleague, James Legge, who was subsequently the first Professor of Chinese Studies at the University of Oxford, produced another translation. This paper aims at revealing the socio-cultural and intellectual processes behind the making of these two translations. In so doing, it discusses the differences in the two texts and explores the reasons for their differences.

Christian missionaries in China were the agents for the cultural interactions between China and the West. Not only did they bring the Christian message to China, but they also introduced the Chinese ideas through their translations and writings to their Western audience. This should be a fruitful and important topic for serious scholarship in both the studies in Sinology and in the history of translation.     

Mid 17th- and 19th-century English wine bottles with seals in London’s archaeological collections

Abstract

This article details work which has, for the first time, delivered a comprehensive catalogue of 17th- and 19th-century dated English glass bottles with applied seals derived from archaeological excavations in London by MOLA (Museum of London Archaeology) and its predecessors. This text introduces the cataloguing methodology employed, reviews the historiography of bottle seal studies and summarizes the survey results. We consider, among other issues, the context and parallels behind individual seal designs, their chronologies, geographies of their movement and spaces of use in early Modern London.     

Staff

Abstract

Creighton Gabel, Editor of the Journal of Field Archaeology from 1986 to 1995 and co-founder of the Department of Archaeology at Boston University, died February 22, 2004, in Vero Beach, Florida, after an extended battle with cancer. He was 72.     

A Conservation Management Plan for Gordion and its Environs

Abstract

A Conservation Management Plan for Gordion and its Environs has been developed by a multidisciplinary team within a partnership between the University of Pennsylvania (both the School of Design and Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology) and Middle East Technical University (Faculty of Architecture) in Ankara. The project has involved a new approach to the protection of cultural material at the site itself, as well as the survey and documentation of a 140 km² area, with Gordion as its centre, to include the village of Yass?höyük and five nearby villages, historic sites, höyüks, or settlement mounds, and tumuli, or burial mounds. The project utilized photographs and standardized forms in the documentation of public and private buildings and areas. Based on this survey, the values of the site and its environs were reassessed, and an action plan presented for all project stakeholders. One of the primary stakeholders is the local population, who must be made aware of the damaging effects of deep ploughing to the tumuli.     

The Archaeology of the Siege of Fort William, 1746

Abstract

In August and September 2007, the Centre for Battlefield Archaeology and Glasgow University Archaeological Research Division (GUARD) conducted a programme of archaeological investigation of the remains of the old fort at Fort William and part of the Parade in the town of Fort William on the west coast of Scotland. The fieldwork involved geophysical survey at the fort and the Parade, followed by trial excavation of anomalies. Trial trenches at the Parade exposed several rich midden deposits and material providing evidence for the burning of the town of Maryburgh, as suggested in contemporary accounts in 1746. The results at the fort were not so positive, as most traces of the garrison were removed in the 19th and 20th centuries through its use as a railway yard; however, a trench outside the fort suggests survival of midden deposits pre-dating this period of destruction. This part-Heritage Lottery assisted project was a Highland 2007 initiative supported by Lochaber Community Fund and Highland Council, and included active participation on the part of the local community, including school groups and metal detectorists.     

The anthropological study of Theravada Buddhism

Richard F. Gombrich. Precept and Practice: Traditional Buddhism in the Rural Highlands of Ceylon. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1971. viii + 366 pp. Appendixes, glossary, bibliography, and index. £4.00 (U.K.).

E. Michael Mendelson. Sangha and State in Burma: A Study of Monastic Sectarianism and Leadership. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1975. 389 pp. Appendixes, bibliography, and index. $19.50.

Melford E. Spiro. Buddhism and Society: A Great Tradition and Its Burmese Vicissitudes. New York: Harper and Row, 1970. iv + 507 pp. Appendix, references, and index. $17.95.

S.J. Tambiah. Buddhism and the Spirit Cults in North‐East Thailand. Cambridge Studies in Social Anthropology, Number 2. New York and London: Cambridge University Press, 1975 (First paperback edition), xi + 388 pp. Illustrations, maps, diagrams, tables, bibliography, and index. $6.95 paper.     

The Lost Loci of Tell El-'Ajjul: Petrie's Area C

Abstract

Flinders Petrie excavated the site of Tell el-'Ajjul in southern Palestine over five seasons between 1930 and 1938, with publication of his finds following swiftly on the heels of his fieldwork. These reports were only ever meant to be a preliminary investigation into the potential of this rich site, and often raised as many questions as they answered. This material is now the subject of the Petrie Palestinian Project, based at the Institute of Archaeology, University College London, which aims to re-evaluate Petrie's finds in the light of more recent research. In the course of this work a detailed study of Petrie's field practices has helped clarify a number of issues relating to this site, which remains of major importance to the Bronze Age archaeology of Southern Palestine. One of the more problematic of these issues has been chosen for discussion here: the location of Petrie's area C.     

Index to Folklore 117, 2006

ANGELOS N. DEFTEREOS (In Greek) BREAD A T BIRTH AND DEATH: ITS SYMBOLIC AND MAGICAL USE IN MODERN GREECE. Athens, 1979. (No publisher: distributed by the author at 37 Kapodistriou Sir., Filothei, Athens). Pp. 266; 800 drachmas. Reviewed by Gareth Morgan.

VORZEITKUNDE: MÜNDLICHES ERZÄHLEN UND ÜBERLIEFERN IM MITTELALTERLICHEN SKANDINAVIEN NACH DEM ZEUGNIS VON FORNALDARSAGA UND EDDISCHER DICHTUNG. (Skandinavistische Studien, Bd. 13). By PETER BUCHHOLZ. Karl Wachholtz, Neumünster, 1980. Reviewed by H. R. Ellis Davidson.

I BUFFONI SACRI D'AMERICA E IL RIDERE SECONDO CULTERA. By GILBERTO MAZZOLENI. Roma-Bulzoni. 1st ed. 1973, 2nd ed. 1979. Reviewed by Douglas Gifford.

ETHNOGRAPHICA CARPATHO-BALCANICA. By BÉLA GUNDA. Budapest, Akadémiai Kiadó, 1979.427 pp., illustrated. Reviewed by W. F. H. Nicolaisen.

JOE SCOTT: THE WOODSMAN-SONGMAKER. By EDWARD D. IVES. University of Illinois Press. 1978. Pp. 473. Reviewed by Paul Smith.

HISTOIRES D'ENFANTS TERRIBLES: By VERONIKA G?ROG, SUZANNE PLATIEL, DIANA REY-HULMAN, and CHRISTIANE SEYDOU. Maisonneuve et Larose, Paris, 1980. Pp. 301. Reviewed by Loreto Todd.

ÜBER SOMATISCHE, PSYCHISCHE UND KULTURELLE HOMOLOGIE. By OTTO HOFLER. Wien 1980 (?sterreichische Adademie der Wissenschaften, philosophisch-historische Klasse. Sitzungsberichte, 366. Band. Homologie—Studien zur germanischen Kulturmorphologie Nr.1). Reviewed by Peter Buchholz.

SWISS-GERMAN AND DUTCH-GERMAN MENNONITE TRADITIONAL ART IN THE WATERLOO REGION, ONTARIO. (National Museum of Man Mercury Series: Canadian Centre for Folk Culture Studies, Paper No. 27). By NANCY-LOU GELLERMANN PATTERSON. National Museums of Canada, Ottawa, 1979. Pp. 216,129 Figs. Reviewed by J. D. A. Widdowson.

SKILL AND STATUS: TRADITIONAL EXPERTISE WITHIN A RURAL CANADIAN FAMILY. (National Museum of Man Mercury Series: Canadian Centre for Folk Culture Studies, Paper No. 28). By LAUREL DOUCETTE. National Museums of Canada, Ottawa, 1979. Pp. 177,18 Figs. Reviewed by J. D. A. Widdowson.

TEXTILE TRADITIONS OF EASTERN NEWFOUNDLAND. (National Museum of Man Mercury Series: Canadian Centre for Folk Culture Studies, Paper No. 29). By GERALD L. POCIUS. National Museums of Canada, Ottawa, 1979. Pp. 89, 40 Figs. Reviewed by J. D. A. Widdowson.

LUNENBURG COUNTY FOLKLORE AND ORAL HISTORY: PROJECT '77. (National Museum of Man Mercury Series: Canadian Centre for Folk Culture Studies, Paper No. 30). Edited by LAURIE LACEY. National Museums of Canada, Ottawa, 1979. Pp. 142,22 Figs. Reviewed by J. D. A. Widdowson.

A MADMAN OF CH'U: THE CHINESE MYTH OF LOYALTY AND DISSENT. By LAURENCE A. SCHNEIDER. University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles and London, 1980. Reviewed by Michael Loewe.

INTERPRETING FOLKLORE. By ALAN DUNDES. Indiana University Press, Bloomington and London, 1980. Pp. 304, paperback. Reviewed by Jacqueline Simpson.     

江苏镇江东晋画像砖墓的渊源和意义补论

江苏镇江东晋画像砖发掘简报曾从历史背景出发,简略指出镇江东晋墓兼具山东和先秦楚文化特点。在简报认识的基础上,再补充若干重要实例并进行分析,可以发现六朝时期今镇江地区自成文化圈,镇江东晋画像砖墓是观察汉晋文化嬗变之迹的典型材料。     

The Igbo: Two New Views and a Critique

Mark P. Leone, ed. Contemporary Archaeology: A Guide to Theory and Contributions. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1972. xiv + 460 pp. Maps, figures, bibliography, and index. $15.00 (cloth), $8.95 (paper).     

Introduction: Canada–US Relations under Obama: Continuity or Change? ACSUS Enders Symposium,Carleton University, 24 October 2008

The Association for Canadian Studies in the United States (ACSUS) organizes the biennial ACSUS Enders Symposium as a way of promoting understanding of the evolution of Canada–US relations. The symposium also honors the work of Thomas O. Enders, who served as US ambassador to Canada from 1976 to 1979, and his work in promoting the relationship between the two countries. In other years, the symposium was held in Washington DC at the Woodrow Wilson Center, but the ACSUS board decided to move the event to Canada in 2008 in order to expand its audience and bring in new actors. Carleton University (with its Centre on North American Politics and Society and its School of Canadian Studies) and the Canada–Fulbright Foundation were brought in as partners, and the sixth biennial symposium was held 24 October 2008 at Carleton University in Ottawa. Several papers of the symposium appear here in a special issue of the American Review of Canadian Studies.     

Intersections: history,memory, discipline. By Brij V. Lal. Lautoka

Bellona Island Beliefs and Rituals. By Torben Monberg. Pacific Islands Monograph Series No. 9. Honolulu, University of Hawaii Press, 1991. xix, 449 pp, figs, genealogies, maps, photos, tables, bibliog., index. $US42.

Te Waimana, The Spring of Mana: Tuhoe History and the Colonial Encounter. By Jeffrey Sissons. Te Whenua Series No. 6, Pacific People, Land, and Literature. Dunedin, University of Otago Press, 1991. xiv, 304 pp; maps, photos, figs, gloss., bibliog., index. ISBN 0–908569–59–9. $NZ39.95.

Labour in the South Pacific. Edited by Clive Moore, Jacqueline Leckie and Doug Munro. Townsville, James Cook University, 1990. 335 pp, maps, tables, bibliog., index.

Health and Healing in Tropical Australia and Papua New Guinea. Edited by Roy MacLeod and Donald Denoon. Townsville, James Cook University, Department of History and Politics and Centre for Melanesian Studies, 1991. xviii, 213 pp, intro., notes, bibliog., index. $A16 ($A25 outside Australia including postage).

Beach‐la‐Mar to Bislama: the emergence of a national language in Vanuatu. By Terry Crowley. Oxford Studies in Language Contact. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1990. xxi, 422 pp. $A120.

The Mundugumor: From the Field Notes of Margaret Mead and Reo Fortune. By Nancy McDowell. Washington, Smithsonian Institution Press, 1991. xiii, 337 pp.

Singer in a Songless Land: A Life of Edward Tregear 1846—1931. By K, R. Howe. Auckland, Auckland University Press, 1991. 241 pp. $NZ39.95.

The Empty Place: Poetry, Space and Being among the Foi of Papua New Guinea. By James S. Weiner. Bloomington, Indiana University Press, 1991. xiv, 218 pp, maps, illus., bibliog., index.

On the Margins of History: From the Punjab to Fiji. By Oskar Spate. History of Development Studies 3. Canberra, National Centre for Development Studies, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University, 1991. 142 pp, app. $25.