The Moabite Pottery

Abstract

This paper is based on data gathered by the University of Sydnry Hauran Research Project. It attempts to demonstrate that the expansion and nature of the Middle Bronze Age settlement pattern identified in the Hauran resulted from interaction between communities whose lifestyle varied on the continuum between nomadism and sedentarism. By practising a variety of subsistence strategies, some made possible by the implementation of water management systems, these communities developed a small-scale settlement hierarchy, centred on key fortified sites or 'gateway communities', which allowed the local region to interact with the wider Middle Bronze Age world.     

从“研”到“砚”——论砚台形制的最初演变

砚是根据中国传统书写和绘画的特有需要产生的。它的历史可以追溯到新石器时代,前身是原始研磨器,而砚最初的汉字表示也并不是"砚"字,而是"研"字。古代文献以及出土砚墨实物材料都表明,从"研"到"砚"的过程正对应了东汉时期砚台形制的最初演变,这种演变与墨的形制改变有着直接联系。     

The Heele Stone

The cancioneiro (song-collection) of São João (St John) is one of the richest manifestations of Portuguese popular culture. In this article, we review the principal bibliography—song collections and studies—devoted to the saint in popular (both traditional and non-traditional) or pseudo-popular song. We examine the symbolic and ethnographic importance of São João in the collective imagery, taking into account the relationship between literary representation and the anthropological and cultural aspects of this festivity.     

七叶树果实的食用习俗与石锤及石砧

本文译自桥口尚武《食の民俗考古学》第四章。该书详细描述了日本人民如何利用海洋和陆地各种食物资源的方法。本章则集中介绍了七叶树和日本各地以七叶树果实为食物的历史、七叶树果实的加工方法及与加工相关的石锤、石砧的类型和特征等等。以橡子为代表的坚果曾经是中国史前许多地区的食物,河姆渡、田螺山等遗址出土过不少橡子,但我们对它们的加工方法和食用方法,它们在史前人类生活中的作用等等,均无深入研究。因此,要做到这一点,除了考古学的各种观察和分析,民俗学和实验考古学的研究就变得非常重要。尽管本文介绍的不是橡子,而是我们不很熟悉的七叶树果实,但是两者之间存在诸多共性,本文介绍的七叶树果实的去壳、去涩和加工成入口食物的方式,对于我们了解作为食物的橡子的加工处理过程有很大帮助,对于从考古上如何辨认与橡子加工有关的遗迹、遗物,进而认识坚果在新石器时代早中期人类经济生活中的作用也深有助益。     

雄震三秦红石峡

<正>红石峡红岩对峙、杨柳成荫,长城穿峡而过,榆溪河奔腾不息,被称为"万里长城第一胜景"。因为工作的原因,我从遥远的新疆来到地处毛乌素沙地边缘的内蒙古乌审旗——一座高楼林立、车水马龙的新型草原城市。毛乌素沙地美景我已经习以为常,但距离     

The Middle Stone Age south of the Limpopo River

Current interest in the origins of anatomically modernHomo sapiens has focused attention on early modern human remains and related archaeological materials associated with the southern African Middle Stone Age. While the anatomically modern status and a Last Interglacial or later age for the human fossils enjoy general support, issues related to the definition of the Middle Stone Age, its dating, and the interpretation of human behavior lack consensus. Available evidence suggests that the anatomically modern human skeleton appeared well before many aspects of the subsistence and symbolic behavior that characterize recent foragers and that Middle Stone Age technology persisted longer in southern Africa than its northern hemisphere counterpart.