The Macclesfield Silk Button Industry: The Probate Evidence

Abstract

Most histories of the silk industry in England begin with the arrival of French refugees to Spitalfields in London, yet silk was prepared for embroidery in Macclesfield by the Middle Ages and the silk button trade was well-established by the early modern period. Through the study of probate evidence, this article aims to redress the imbalance in the historiography of the silk industry in England away from the focus on the activities of the Huguenots in the early modern period, and away from the silk weaving in order to show that the silk button industry succeeded not through technical innovation, but through marketing a luxury item in sufficiently small packages to make it accessible to a wide portion of the population. The silk button industry can be viewed as having laid the foundations in east Cheshire for the transformation of the silk industry into weaving cloth in the mid-eighteenth century.     

伯明翰造币厂出口中国的造币设备

在谈论中国近代机制钱币时,英国伯明翰造币厂是个不可或缺的角色,但相关细节在泉刊书籍上通常仅约略论及,缺乏完整的叙述,因此许多资料上出现矛盾、甚至于错误的说法。1981年伯明翰造币厂出版一本由美国学者史威尼（James O．Sweeny）在参访该厂后所著之A NUMISMATIC HISTORY OF THE BIRMINGHAM MINT,书内第78—85页有段与中国往来的记载,现将全文译出并加注解,供读者参考。     

Button Headgear Women in Zhonyin

Zhonyin, covering 5,420 square km in the southeastern part of the Ganan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Gansu Province, has a population of some 80,000 people from the Tibetan, Han and Tu ethnic groups. For reasons of geography, climate and living style, Tibetan women have adopted a different style in garments and garment decoration than others. Living in towns along the Zhaohe River, these women are called Button Headgear Women. According to local traditions, two married women will be …     

The Birmingham Jewellery Quarter: A Marshallian Industrial District

The paper presents the findings of a study on the Birmingham Jewellery Quarter at its zenith from 1880 to 1920. Drawing on a unique database covering four decades and secondary data, it has been possible to map out the organization of production, the degree of firms' specializations, and extent of production and social networking within the Quarter. Such evidence seems to suggest that the Birmingham Jewellery Quarter was a Marshallian industrial district at the turn of the nineteenth century.     

The Structure of the Timber Kitchen at Weoley Castle,Birmingham

A CEMETERY uncovered during roadworks at High Wycombe in ig86 confirmed the location of the medieval hospital of St Margaret. Examination of the skeletal remains suggests that several of the individuals excavated had suffered from leprosy.     

The north service range,Aston Hall,Birmingham: excavation and recording, 2004

Abstract

Excavation has exposed the foundations of the early 17th-century north service range of Aston Hall, Birmingham. Consideration of the remains alongside documentary evidence and comparative analysis has allowed the room functions, and something of the range's structural character, to be established. In the 17th century it contained a washhouse, brewhouse, bakehouse, laundry and dairy, with a large cellar beneath and a building straddling a water culvert. Outhouses, a large icehouse and a new laundry were added later. With its precocious use of brick in ancillary buildings, the range occupies a significant place in the construction history of the West Midlands.     

关于日本的风俗业

战后,日本门除公娼制度.《卖春防止法》的颁布,标志着日本从法律上成为禁止性交易的国家,但没有完全遏制性交易的发展.《风俗营业的规制与业务适当化等相关法律》在一定程度上抑制了性交易的公开化、透明化,保护了青少年的健康成长,但为性交易的发生提供了的场所、创造了条件.这两部法律构成了对性交易予以“限制”与“疏导”的基础.此外,性交易双方及普通民众对性交易行为本身的接纳方面持宽容态度.     

The Automotive Industry Needs Research

Abstract

There is now an increasing need for research to meet the objectives of vehicle energy conservation and the case for this is presented here. It illustrates the need for basic research in areas such as heat transfer and combustion in alternative engines, instrumentation control, rheology and manufacturing processes for vehicle components and materials. Car manufacture needs research on thermomechanical treatments application of optimization theory, acoustic diagnostics and assembly of mechanical parts by robots. The best way of attracting the attention of the university community to such research are also discussed, emphasizing the role of establishing good communication channels.     

The Linen Industry of Shropshire

Abstract

The discovery in 1975 of part of Charles Bage's iron framed Castlefields flax mill led the author to study Shropshire's other linen factories and the domestic manufacture of linen and ropes during the seventeenth, eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The manufacture of linen by cottagers and farmers from home grown hemp survived, alongside the factories, into the nineteenth century. The hempen cloth produced in Shropshire was rarely sold at markets or fairs, and was made mainly by country families for their own use. The survival of such a cottage industry into the nineteenth century was rare in England, and the existence of a workforce skilled in the preparation and manufacture of hemp and flax was probably one of the factors which influenced Shropshire entrepreneurs to manufacture linen in their factories, rather than cotton.     

蓬勃发展的上海旅游业

本文在分析上海旅游业近年来的蓬勃发展的基础上,进一步展示了上海旅游业的广阔前景,阐明了上海旅游业对经济与社会发展所产生的积极推动作用。