会展城市营销的几个基本问题

本文从分析会展城市整体营销的实质入手,论述了会展城市营销的必要性、对象、内容及常见的误区,在此基础上提出了会展城市营销的三种具体操作方式。     

研究经济史的一些体会

由于战争环境和时代思潮的动荡,我的学生生活非常曲折。我曾经历北洋工学院、清华大学、北京大学,学过工科、理科、经济和历史,非常杂,都没学好。但是,后来我在专业经济史研究中,却发现过去学的一点点理工知识(尤其数学)很有用。我学过的献学,连同童年在私塾读的经,也都常派上用场。这里的一个体会是：做学问必须专,专才能精;但又要有比较广泛的知识,博而后专,大有好处。     

Production,Consumption, and the Allocation of Labor By a Peasant in a Periodic Marketing System

The allocation of time by a part-time marketer between subsistence production and marketing links production and consumption decisions in a periodic marketing system. Distinctions between full- and part-time marketers are emphasized. The model of the part-time trader predicts changes in the time devoted to each activity and in outputs as relative prices change. Interpretations can be made regarding the amount of effort devoted to, and the rewards from, periodic marketing.     

Distance in Spatial Analysis: Measurement,Bias, and Alternatives

Distance is an important and basic concept in geography. Many theories, methods, and applications involve distance explicitly or implicitly. While measuring the distance between two locations is a straightforward task, many geographical processes involve areal units, where the distance measurement can be complicated. This research investigates distance measurement between a location (point) and an area (polygon). We find that traditional polygon-to-point distance measurements, which involve abstracting a polygon into a central or representative point, could be problematic and may lead to biased estimates in regression analysis. To solve this issue, we propose a new polygon-to-point distance metric along with two algorithms to compute the new distance metric. Simulation analysis shows the effectiveness of the new distance metric in providing unbiased estimates in linear regression.     

Applications of Mathematics to Some Problems in Economic Geography

The author, a staff member of the Institute of Scientific Information of the Soviet Academy of Sciences, discusses some aspects of the use of mathematics in research on settlement geography. He develops a number of methods originated abroad, such as the nearest-neighbor distance and the Zipf rule on city-size distribution, and applies them to the study of patterns of urban settlements and the size and spacing of cities in national and regional systems.     

On Some Problems of Theory and Practice in Economic Geography

The author, an opponent of Anuchin's views, charges that the discussion around the theory of a unified geography has been diverting the attention of the Geography Faculty of Moscow University away from practical tasks contributing to the growth of the national economy. Vol'skiy restates the Marxist theory of economic geography and calls on economic geographers for more constructive contributions to Communist economic development.     

Some Aspects of the Development and Location of Industry in the Central Asian Economic Region

Despite rapid industrialization since World War II, Central Asia is still far from exhausting its potential for industrial development based on abundant mineral resources, fuels and energy, and on the most favorable manpower supply of any of the Eastern regions of the USSR. The only limiting factor in economic development is water. In light of the region's resource situation, future development should focus on a diversified industrial expansion involving activities with limited water and metal needs (in the absence of a major regional iron and steel plant) or medium or high energy and labor requirements. This would include nonferrous metals, chemicals (except for those posing a water pollution problem) and expansion of the region's cotton-based production complex, ranging from irrigated cotton culture to finished fabrics.     

中美旅游目的地营销比较

中国正在努力实现从世界旅游大国向世界旅游强国的跨越,迫切需要把市场营销提高到国际先进水平。本文通过对中关两大旅游目的地之间营销模式及13个营销要点的对比分析,通过对美国DMO营销趋势的考察,提出中国旅游营销必须借鉴世界先进国家的8个领域：营销专业化,加大营销投入,加强网络营销,调整营销战略,注重游客市场调查,提高目的地服务质量,改进培训与教育,建立专业营销机构与加强跨地区协作。     

The Role of Eastern Siberia in Solving Some of the Economic Problems of the Pacific Basin

The abundance of resources in the Soviet Far East and Eastern Siberia, combined with the known scarcity of fuel and energy supplies and certain raw materials in the countries of the Pacific basin, suggests that the resources of the eastern regions of the Soviet Union, could, if properly developed, find a wide market in countries bordering on the Pacific Ocean.     

Some Prerequisites for Calculations of an Economic Land Evaluation

An indicator relating crop yields to labor and capital inputs is suggested as a measure of the relative natural fertility of land, and thus as a criterion for economic land evaluation. For mathematical convenience, crops are reduced to a standard product, and the cost of producing a unit of standard product is then taken as the basic criterion of natural soil fertility.     

Economic Analysis in Historical Perspective

Book reviewed in this article: Analytic Narratives, by Robert H. Bates, Avner Greif,Margaret Levi, Jean‐Laurent Rosenthal, and Barry R. Weingast     

Economic Policies and Local Development: Some Reflections

Every national system is also a sum of all its regional economies. Then, there are economically differentiated regions within nations. If the foregoing is true, a crucial problem for economic policy is determining which policies should be pursued at the national level (national policies), and on what grounds, and which should instead be developed at the local, regional level (local policies). What policies influence the development and competitiveness of regional economies? This article tries to discuss these issues.The first causal relation to examine is that between national economic policies and the competitiveness of a country's regions. The picture grows even more complex if we consider that there are national policies which have explicitly geographical objectives. Then, why not count on national policies, even locally differentiated ones? Having answered this question this paper addresses the opposite issue: why should we not view the entirety, or at least the largest part, of national economic policy--and development policies in particular--as simply the sum of local economic policies? How can one distinguish between the local effects of national economic policies and those of local development policies? A further problem is providing a satisfactory definition of regions (i.e. the areas in which policies are to be implemented) and of their boundaries.     

第二轮《河南省志》经济部类编修的若干热点难点问题

经济部类是一个全新的现代术语和概念。旧时人们对社会的认识没有现在全面、系统、深刻,反映在旧志里对经济内容的记述很少,所以旧志无经济部类之说。新方志中,经济部类用于综合志书中,或明标,或暗隐。第二轮《河南省志》在首轮省志篇目设置的基础上作了较大改进,并认为省级志书的体式应为篇章节与条目结合体,记述改革开放应采取集中和分散相结合的方法。还指出,“三产”、“三农”、市场经济、民营企业等设为专志的条件和对其内容取合的研究还不够成熟。     

编纂第二轮志书经济部类的几点体会

本文认为第二轮志书中经济部类的编写应注意深入研究宏观材料 ,宏观把握经济发展的特点和规律 ,并且以编修第二轮《铜陵县志》农村、工业、商业经济篇为例 ,论述了深入系统地研究和利用各种宏观材料的重要性 ,同时指出通过纵横比较的方法 ,能较好地反映发展变化 ,提出在志书编纂中要述中有评 ,画龙点睛 ,并重视对前志的复载。