Multiple Trajectories: A Critique of Industrial Restructuring and the New Institutionalism

This article argues that the agrarian studies literature sheds new light on the multiple,nonlinear trajectories of capitalist development occurring in the context of accelerating global integration. Cast in relation to classical political economy, work on agrarian change is centrally concerned with multiple paths of agrarian transformation. It attends both to historically specificforms of social property relations and to the ways that struggles over resources and labor are simultaneously struggles over culturally constructed meanings, definitions, and identities. Accordingly, it goes well beyond the "new institutionalism" that figures prominently in the literature on industrial restructuring. The article draws on recent research in globally linked industrial districts in former bantustan areas of South Africa to illustrate thecontemporary and continuing salience of agrarian histories and concepts. It also suggests how attention to multiple trajectories of sociospatial change can be used to challenge the neoliberal orthodoxy taking hold in post-apartheid South Africa.     

新世纪东北亚的区域经济合作问题

世界经济全球化与区域经济一体化进程不断深化,东北亚区域经济合作进入了新的发展阶段。中日韩三国经贸合作演绎着新的进展;金融领域的合作也迈出了新的步伐;图们江次区域合作有了一定的成果。当然,东北亚区域经济一体化发展还存在诸多难题,如何寻找有效的合作途径,这是摆在区域内各国政府面前的一项艰巨的历史任务。     

New Perspectives on Spatial Patterns of Agrarian Reform: A Comparison of Two Russian Oblasts

The author, based on field work, interviews, and examination of local and regional literature and official statistical sources, compares the experience in agrarian reform in two disparate locations—KostToma Oblast, northeast of Moscow in the Noncher-nozem Region, and Rostov Oblast on Russia's Black Sea littoral in the fertile Chernozem (Black Earth) region. It examines both the reorganization of state and collective farms and the establishment of private peasant farms in the two oblasts, with particular emphasis on the latter. The sections on private farms represent an initial attempt, based on in-depth information for a limited sample population, to garner insights, at the rayon level, into factors that may be influencing regional variations in the number, size, and location of private farms across the Russian countryside. 2 maps, 6 tables, 53 references.     

新历史观基础上的市民社会批判——重读《德意志意识形态》

马克思恩格斯对市民社会本质的理解和认识经历了一个复杂的发展过程。在《德意志意识形态》著作中,马克思恩格斯已经站在广义的历史唯物主义基础之上对市民社会本质进行了全面的分析,具体内容包括：市民社会的历史本质在于分工基础之上的工业和竞争造成的个人利益与社会利益的分离以及积累劳动与现实劳动的对立;由于货币和分工造成的市民社会的物役性和个人生活的偶然性,市民社会工业的发展必然导致奴役性分工的消灭以及生产力的全面占有,即实现共产主义。     

The Igbo: Two New Views and a Critique

Mark P. Leone, ed. Contemporary Archaeology: A Guide to Theory and Contributions. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1972. xiv + 460 pp. Maps, figures, bibliography, and index. $15.00 (cloth), $8.95 (paper).     

Inter-Firm Linkages and Regional Impact of Transnational Corporations: Company Case Studies from Shanghai, China

By undertaking two company case studies in Shanghai, this article reveals that the actual regional impact of direct investment from TNCs is much greater than FDI data themselves may indicate. Such impact extends far beyond foreign invested enterprises (FIEs) as well as the invested regions. The joint venture with the local side controlled by a regional government tends to have fewer suppliers from other regions than the other with the local side owned by a state ministry. Through the extensive linkage networks with FIEs, industrial growth, technology transfer, management improvement and job creation have been indeed spread over many domestic enterprises. The government in the relevant region should employ proper measures to develop these linkages, especially in regions that have difficulties in attracting TNC investment. The two companies studied mirror the general situation in the automotive and the electronics industries, respectively. Further study on the indirect supply linkages with FIEs appears inviting.     

知识经济时代旅游企业发展新趋势

知识经济时代的到来给旅游企业的管理,提出了新的挑战和机遇。如何应对这一局势,迅速地调整企业的经营管理策略,以适应变化的趋势。本文试从这一角度出发,探讨知识经济引发的旅游企业的变化趋势和相应对策。     

浅析新时期旅游高等教育人才培养模式

面向21世纪的旅游高等教育存在一些问题,值得思考。本文通过分析现状,对新时期高等旅游教育人才培养模式的新路径进行了探讨。     

'The Proliferation of Identity Politics in Australia': A Critique

It is good to see more work being done on the institutionalising of ‘identity politics’, as in Elizabeth Fells' article ‘The Proliferation of Identity Politics in Australia’ in the March 2003 issue of this journal (Fells 2003). However, some assumptions in that article result in seriously misleading conclusions. I examine these here, taking the example of women's portfolios. Fells uses allocation of ministerial portfolios as an indicator of government responses to identity politics and, following Moon and Fletcher (1988), of policy innovation and policy substance. She acknowledges that governments may respond to demands that they be active in a particular area by creating portfolio responsibilities without establishing separate ministries. She suggests, however, that failure to establish a separate ministry to support the portfolio could be seen as a failure to ‘institutionalise a long-term commitment’. Hence she announces her intention to exclude from her analysis the creation of portfolios without ministries, such as the Commonwealth Status of Women portfolio, for which both the Prime Minister and a Minister Assisting the Prime Minister have responsibility (Fells 2003, 104).     

新时代边疆治理现代化研究:内涵、价值与路向

边疆治理现代化,不仅构成了国家治理这一循环链条赖以持续运转的物质性基石,也是国家治理之治理追求在价值层面得以存立的要素补充。实现边疆治理的逻辑更新,将边疆由一“边缘性”话语进位为一个蕴含生机与创造活力的前沿领域,使其实现“本体性”价值的复归与实践路径的“整体性”嵌合,是新时代边疆治理现代化的应有之义。推进边疆治理现代化,要坚持正确的政治导向,深化问题导向意识,注重梳理“知识性”内容,在“以人民为中心”的价值指引下持续夯实基础性资源。     

新时期的美日关系:回顾与展望

9·11以后,美日关系和美欧关系的发展呈现出截然不同的两种态势:美欧之间争吵不休,美日之间紧密的合作;美欧分歧使同盟关系面临“生存危机”,而美日立场的一致使同盟步入了“最好的时期”。如何看待这样的变化呢?本文通过对美日关系的历史考察和与美欧关系的比较,揭示出了日本政策与对策的某种模式化的行为方式和价值取向,以此为基础对未来的美日同盟关系进行了分析和展望。