Mapping of an Archaeological Site at Olduvai Gorge,Tanzania

Abstract

An archaeological site at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania, consists of a roughly quadrilateral surface of consolidated silt, about 25 feet by 47 feet. It shows a complex microtopography of pits and grooves. In order to record all these features a plan was made with a horizontal scale of 1:4 and contour interval of 0.1 foot (1.2 inches). The contours were interpolated between a large number of spot-heights. The positions of the spot-heights in the horizontal plane were fixed by distance measurement along the lines in a rectangular grid laid out from points on the margins of the surveyed area. The elevations of the spot-heights were determined by levelling with an automatic level. When the spot-heights had been plotted the map was mounted and taken into the field. Constant comparison was necessary to ensure that the interpolated contours provided an accurate representation of the complex topography.     

河南灵宝市墙底遗址考古勘探报告

为深入了解灵宝盆地庙底沟二期文化大型遗址的聚落情况,2019年6~7月河南省文物考古研究院等单位对墙底遗址进行了初步勘探。结果表明,该遗址主体是一处庙底沟二期文化大型聚落,面积约70万平方米,是这一时期该区域目前发现规模最大的聚落遗址。该遗址还发现有仰韶文化、二里头文化时期的遗存。     

河南灵宝市五帝遗址考古勘探报告

2018年11月~12月,为从聚落层面对灵宝盆地仰韶文化时期大型遗址开展研究,河南省文物考古研究院等单位对灵宝五帝遗址进行了系统调查与勘探。结果表明,该遗址主体是一处仰韶文化中期大型聚落,南部有一条南壕沟,并发现一定数量的房址、灰坑,总面积约75万平方米。在遗址东北部还发现有庙底沟二期文化时期遗存。另外,调查发现该遗址附近有古湖相沉积,对研究该区域古环境变迁具有重要价值。     

河南灵宝市北阳平遗址考古勘探报告

为深入认识豫西灵宝盆地仰韶文化时期大型遗址的聚落内部情况,2018年3~5月,河南省文物考古研究院等单位对河南灵宝北阳平遗址进行了系统性考古勘探。本次工作明确这是一处以仰韶文化为主体的大型聚落遗址,发现的遗迹主要有房址、壕沟等,基本搞清了聚落范围、面积、重要遗迹分布、聚落布局和功能分区等,取得了重要成果。     

Cesium magnetometer surveys at a Pithouse Site near Silver City,New Mexico

The La Gila Encantada Site is located on an isolated ridge top north of Silver City, New Mexico in an area defined culturally as the Mimbres Mogollon region. The 180 m × 80 m (14400 m²) sized site was originally recorded as a dense scatter of ceramics, lithics, and ground stone along with a number of surface depressions that appear to represent pithouses. Cesium magnetometer surveys were conducted to identify hearths, pithouse boundaries, and activity areas outside of pithouses in support of archaeological investigations, and to test this instrument's ability to image these features. This paper presents a characterization of the magnetic signature of a pithouse as a magnetic high in the center caused by the central hearth, low magnetic variability along the floor of the house, and then increased magnetic variability at the pithouse boundary. This characterization was successfully confirmed for three pithouses using cesium magnetometery and archaeological excavation.     

统万城遗址近几年考古工作收获

本文总结了统万城2006年以来考古调查、钻探、发掘及测绘工作的收获。外郭城的调查和确认、护城壕的发现填补了人们对统万城认识的欠缺,西城西门瓮城的发掘、蒙元时期居址的发现等充实和完善了统万城的基础资料。全站仪结合GYS全球定位系统测绘、无人机低空遥感测绘为统万城的研究提供了资料。     

河南渑池县仰韶村遗址考古勘探报告

为配合仰韶村国家考古遗址公园建设,2019年3~5月,河南省文物考古研究院等单位对河南渑池仰韶村遗址进行了系统性考古勘探工作。遗址包含仰韶文化和龙山文化时期的聚落,主要遗迹有壕沟、房址等,基本搞清了遗址的范围,仰韶、龙山时期的聚落规模、面积、重要遗迹分布、聚落布局和功能分区等情况,对该遗址的聚落形态及发展演变等有了较全面的认识。     

浙江湖州钱山漾遗址第三次发掘带来的新思考

钱山漾遗址最早由慎微之先生于1934年发现。1956年和1958年原浙江省文管会对遗址进行过两次发掘。2005年,为配合高速公路建设,浙江省文物考古研究所和湖州博物馆联合进行了第三次发掘,发掘面积1400平方米。发掘表明,钱山漾遗址是一处经先民们反复营建居住形成的台型遗址。土台的营建和使用主要经过了四个阶段,其中第四阶段是一处属于太湖地区青铜文化-马桥文化时期的大型聚落,而土台营建使用的前三个阶段即该遗址的早期堆积是一种目前在太湖地区还处于探索和认识阶段的新石器时代末期文化。由于钱山漾遗址早期堆积文化面貌、性质和上海“广…     

Under the Boards: Archaeological Site Formation Processes at the Commissariat Store, Brisbane

The study of archaeological site formation processes, although routinely undertaken for prehistoric sites, is only carried out in historical archaeology in a limited way. Understanding the processes which formed the archaeological record of a site is an important first step towards developing justifiable inferences about past behavior and past societies regardless of the age of the site. This paper identifies and examines the cultural and non-cultural processes that formed the archaeological record at the Commissariat Store, Brisbane. The history of the site, from its construction in 1829 as part of the Moreton Bay penal settlement to the present, is examined and the expected impacts and processes on the archaeological record are identified. Archaeological evidence from the salvage excavation of the site undertaken in 1978 and 1979 is analyzed to identify the cultural and non-cultural site formation processes. This study identifies the presence of cultural formation processes including discard, loss, abandonment and re-use from an examination of the historical and archaeological evidence. Non-cultural formation processes at work in the site include faunalturbation, floralturbation, flooding, and aquaturbation.     

湖田窑考古新收获

本文着重介绍了景德镇湖田窑元代遗址最新考古发掘的材料,并通过对这些新材料的研究,认定湖田窑址所代表的窑场可能是元代浮梁磁局所属的官府瓷器作坊之一.除日用瓷外,建筑用瓷也是其主要产品。在釉色品种上,有青白釉器.卵白釉器、白釉器、黑釉器、青花、釉里红和低温彩瓷等。     

陕西高陵杨官寨遗址H85发掘报告

2010年以来,陕西省考古研究院、中美国际田野考古学校在杨官寨遗址环壕东北角联合进行了数次考古发掘,发掘遗迹中包含一座堆积复杂、遗物丰富的庙底沟文化中晚期灰坑(H85)。根据遗迹结构、堆积状况,推测该灰坑应为一处具有居住性质的新石器时代遗存。     

河南许昌灵井许昌人遗址考古发现与探索

本文简要介绍了河南许昌灵井许昌人遗址2005～2008年田野考古的一系列新发现,并着重对与之有关的现代人类起源、石工具面貌、末次冰期时人类对环境的选择与适应和今后研究工作的着力点等,进行了简要概述和讨论.     

周公庙遗址田野考古工作的理念与方法——2007～2008年度中国田野考古一等奖获奖项目介绍

2004年2月,陕西省考古研究所与北京大学考古文博学院联合成立周公庙考古队之始,就把判定该遗址商周时期聚落性质作为学术研究     

南阳黄山遗址独山玉制品调查简报

黄山遗址出土的玉制品的质地均为独山玉质,器形主要为各类生产工具,其制作大体经过了两个或两个以上工艺过程.经实地调查,黄山遗址出土的玉制品以及数百件大小玉料,均来自该遗址西南约2.5公里的独山.     

考古与遗址公园——国家考古遗址公园建设中的两个定位

国家考古遗址公园是近年来我国大遗址保护的一种创新模武.在建设过程中,我们既要正确理解国家考古遗址公园的定位,处理好"考古遗址"与"公园"之间的关系,确保考古遗址公园的特质属性和发展走向,也要全面准确把握国家考古遗址公园中考古工作的定位.这种正确的定位有利于考古遗址的科学保护、深入研究及有效展示,同时也有助于推动中国现代...     

Establishment of conservation,design and construction criteria for protective shelters at Fort Selden State Monument,New Mexico

Abstract

Foit Selden State Monument, located in southern New Mexico, consists of the exposed adobe ruins of a military post that was occupied from 1865 to 1981. A management plan for the site is currently being developed in which an option being considered for preservation is the construction of a protective shelter.

The process of establishing conservation, design and construction criteria for a potential shelter at Fort Selden involves the assessment of technical issues and the evaluation of public support for the criteria and purpose of the monument. The conservation concerns are based upon accepted standards for conservation and construction criteria while the design and construction standards involve a higher degree of Public concern, particularly the public expectations exerted on a historic site in the United States.

The criteria for Fort Selden are currently being codified. This paper outlines the preliminary criteria as well as the process by which these criteria will be established and meshed with the public expectations of the site. The planning process is presented and the underlying philosophies of deciding to shelter, designing the shelter and constructing the shelter. Future evaluations of the shelter's success can be gauged against these original criteria and mindset.     

河南荥阳关帝庙遗址考古发现与认识

为配合南水北调中线工程建设,河南省文物考古研究所于2006年7月至2008年8月对河南荥阳关帝庙遗址进行了大面积的发掘,发现仰韶至明清多个时期的文化遗存,尤以商代晚期文化遗存最为丰富,并发掘出完整的商代晚期聚落.该聚落功能齐全,并经过比较具体的规划.保存完整的商代晚期聚落的发现及丰富的商代晚期文化遗存的大规模揭露,对了解该遗址的布局、功能、研究该遗址的聚落形态、探讨该时期的聚落结构、社会形态等,具有重要的意义.     

大遗址保护与考古遗址公园建设

建设考古遗址公园,是新时期大遗址保护新模式,是建设和谐社会和中华民族共同精神家园的重要举措。建设考古遗址公园的根本目的是保护遗址、服务考古。考古遗址公园建设必须科学规划,严肃论证,循序渐进,稳妥扎实。考古学家应积极支持考古遗址公园建设。文物管理部门应对考古遗址公园建设热情支持,善加引导,健全规章,严格管理。     

从陶寺城址的考古新发现看我国古代文明的形成

陶寺的墓地、城垣和宫殿、大型观象祭祀基址表明其已经具备王都的规模和规格,比夏朝提前了300年-400年.我国文明形成的要素有城市和宫殿、严格的等级和礼制、祭祀权力的垄断等.其中祭祀权力的作用最重要.