立意高远 评传佳作——读王敏著《陈范评传》

<正>在清末民初重要的历史关头,常州涌现了一批杰出的人物,并在辛亥革命和创建民国中作出重大贡献,他们包括“民国诸葛”赵凤昌、民国江苏都督庄蕴宽、湖北新军创办者吴殿英、民国功臣屠寄、著名史学家孟森等,他们被称为“常州辛亥英杰”。在这些“常州英杰”中还有一个重要的独具影响的人物,就是当年一桩震动中外、牵动朝野的政治案件“苏报案”的参与者、《苏报》馆主陈范。陈范（1860—1913）,祖籍湖南衡山,为官宦世家。因父亲联姻常州赵氏世族而全家迁居常州,并从常州走上科举仕途,进而在中国近代重大历史事件中成为关键人物。2021年上海古籍出版社出版了上海社科院研究员王敏的新作《陈范评传》（以下简称《评传》）。《评传》主体分八章,从陈范的少年写到暮年,从官宦生涯写到“苏报案”,从流亡海外写到流寓湖南、回沪离世。因为陈范是常州近代史上有一定影响的人物,《陈范评传》的出版,不仅填补了常州名人谱系的一个空白,也为“儒风蔚然、名士辈出”的常州增添了一份有学术深度和高度的名人研究成果。     

《苏报》案中帝国主义的阴谋

《苏报》案是我国清朝末年资产阶级民主革命的一桩重大事件。整个事件反映了清政府和革命党人间镇压和反镇压的斗争,也反映了帝国主义和清政府之间争夺上海租界司法权的矛盾。兹就帝国主义在《苏报》案中侵犯上海和界司法权的阴谋予以揭露。     

民国报界奇人黄伯惠

他自幼极具主见,虽为上海巨富,人称“黄百万”,却不甘享乐,接办《时报》;他以报馆为家,开三色套印先河,注重体育报道和社会新闻,终让《时报》与《申报》《新闻报》呈鼎足之势;他两度遇险,婚姻破裂,《时报》停刊,复刊未果,房产被夺,终抱憾赴港。他就是视报业为第二生命的一代报界奇才黄伯惠.     

“苏报案”与邹容之死

从十九世纪末到二十世纪初,各种宣传新思想的报刊象雨后春笋般地涌现,如在上海出版的《苏报》就是当时中国资产阶级革命派在国内掌握的第一份报纸,它在革命派所掌握的一段时间内,大力鼓吹革命,对于反对清政府革命运动的兴起,曾经起过极大的推动作用。故被清政府视为眼中钉,伺机要拔掉它。“苏报案”是清末最大的一次文字狱,是革命与反革命激烈斗争的产物,而它的导火线则是由于《苏报》旗帜鲜明地介绍《革命军》。因为邹容写的《革命军》,是一篇反帝反封建的战斗檄文。为两千多年的封建专制制度敲响了丧钟。邹容,是二十世纪初很有影响的资产阶级杰出的民主革命宣传家。他原名绍陶,字蔚丹,又作威     

国学大师章太炎逝世前后

章太炎是辛亥革命时期上海滩的风云人物。他是浙江余杭人,然其一生大半时间在上海度过。《苏报》案发,章太炎一时名播海内外。章太炎晚年移居苏州,两年后在苏州逝世。1936年6月14日上午7点45分,一代国学大师章太炎因鼻咽癌并发胆囊炎、气喘病等症,在苏州锦帆路住所走完了他风云激荡的一生。章太炎一生著作丰盛,留给     

神来之笔成经典——素描邓效锋及其策划艺术

2004年第二届中国十大策划风云人物邓效锋,是天津日报报业集团广告中心主任、《每日新报》编委、广告部主任。就是这位眉清目秀、文质彬彬的年轻人,却在不动声色间使他参与创建的《每日新报》屡创中国报业经营新纪录。2000年6000万元、2001年1.2亿元、2002年1.5亿元、2003年2.7亿元．使《每日新报》在2004年世界报业大会上荣膺最年轻的“世界发行量百强报纸”。作为一位成功的广告人、报人、策划人,“创新”是他取得业绩的突出特点。     

国内外要闻

3日《苏报》登载章太炎的《客民篇》,斥清政府为“客帝”。4日清政府命户部右侍郎铁良会同袁世凯办理京旗练兵事宜。4日驻美俄使向美国务卿海约翰声明俄并不反对满洲开埠。4日黄兴离日本回湘,运动排满革命。4日俄国:沙皇发布命令说,只允许犹太人在他们的居住地拥有财产。6日沙皇尼古拉批准了《俄国臣民移居东省铁路地段条例》。6日美俄在华盛顿谈判满洲开埠问题。7日上海盛传留学生回国请愿代表钮永建、汤尔和为袁世凯所杀。7日马赛:法国轮船“里本号”沉没,150人丧生。9日《苏报》发表章太炎的《读革命军》及《介绍革命军》。9日外务部奏上…     

章太炎囚禁提篮桥

民主革命家、著名学者章太炎,名炳麟,字枚叔,别号西狩。1869年1月生于浙江余杭仓前镇,1936年1月卒于苏州章园,1955年4月灵柩迁葬于杭州西子湖畔。章太炎身处中国社会急剧动荡的历史转折时期,他为民族的觉醒而奋力呐喊,为国家的存亡而顽强拼搏。一生中他七次被通缉,三次入牢狱,革命之志坚定不移,指点江山,激扬文字。早在20世纪初○○叶,章太炎曾寓居在上海,他的名字,与《苏报案》、提篮桥监狱紧紧相联系。《苏报》原是胡璋(胡铁梅)于清光绪二十二年(1896年),以他的日本籍妻子驹悦的名义登记开办的地方小报,内容平庸、格调低下,报馆位于上海公…     

书与人

《忽必烈和他的世界帝国》与成吉思汗以武功震撼世界不同,其嫡孙忽必烈,有史以来疆域最辽阔的帝国的缔造者还以文治著称于天下。     

黑泽明的七件武器

<正>刀使用频率:30%威力指数:黑泽明以武士片名动天下,他的电影主角刀不离手的有三部:《七武士》、《大镖客》、《椿三十郎》。玩刀玩出轨的是椿三十郎,他与官府打手的决斗让人瞠目——漫长的对峙,猛然双方齐动手,     

Telling small stories: spaces of knowledge and the practice of geography

This article examines how the practice of learning geography, and the arenas in which knowledge-making takes place, can be usefully positioned within changing histories of the discipline. It contends that networks of action – understood through the intersection of social sites, subjects and sources – present a conceptual framework and narrative focus for the re-consideration of specific episodes from geography's past. The interventions made here are informed and illustrated by a 'small story' about the doing of geography. Based on different personal accounts, the story revives a series of events, encounters, dialogues and images dating back to the winter of 1951 at Glenmore Lodge, Scotland. This educational institution in the Cairngorm mountains offered children from urban areas the opportunity to learn field studies and the skills of 'outdoor citizenship'. Initially, the focus falls on Margaret Jack, a 14-year-old field-course participant. Her learning experiences are traced through personal letters, a diary and a field journal dating from that time, and her recent recollections of this event. Margaret's account dovetails with the story of her field studies instructor, Robin Murray. Robin's role is traced through his learning experiences as a geography undergraduate at Aberdeen University, and the recent recollections of Catriona Murray, his wife.     

Das Wissen der Schulden. Recht,Kulturtechnik und Alltagserfahrung im liberalen Kapitalismus

The Knowledge of Debt: Law, Media Technique, and Everyday Experience in Liberal Capitalism. Performing an object such as ‘the economy’ hinges on practices of formatting knowledge. The article proposes to look at such instituting moments in connection with social conflicts over the legitimate rules of exchange. This is exemplified by way of recounting the story of the codification of Swiss bankruptcy law in 1889. In order to homogenize the legal procedures of debt collection and bankruptcy, two subject categories were instituted: ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. These different categories were thought to account for the diverging temporalities and spaces of credit exchange in everyday economic life. The introduction of the commercial register, a media-technical apparatus, enabled a formal distinction between ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. However, this boundary was contested and proved to be porose.     

Two radiocarbon dates for freshwater shells from hierakonpolis: Archaeological and geological interpretations

Shells of two species of freshwater bivalve (Unio willcocksi Bullen Newton and Etheria elliptica Lamarck) from the predynastic Gerzean (Nagada II) Decorated Tomb at Hierakonpolis, Egypt have given dates of 5000±90 bp for the tomb, and 12,900±120 bp for an episode of Nile terrace accumulation (correlated here with the Sahaba-Darau aggradation event). The archaeological and geological significance of these results is discussed, together with an outline of problems associated with radiocarbon dating of shell. Comparisons are made with the few other radiocarbon dates available for the Predynastic period in Egypt and possible reasons for the presence of shells in the tomb are considered.     

Some chronological implications of a fossil molluscan assemblage from a neolithic site at Brook,Kent, England

The later post-glacial history of a valley in the chalk escarpment near Brook, Kent, is described, based on molluscan stratigraphy, archaeological evidence and radio-carbon dating. Differences in size and colour banding, respectively, of fossil and living representatives of two species of land snails, Pomatias elegans (Müller) and Cepaea nemoralis (L.), are correlated with climatic change during the post-glacial period. The problems of the use of fossil shells of these species as samples for radiocarbon dating are discussed.     

China's Dynamic Industrial Sector: The Internet Industry

A Singapore-based economic geographer explores and analyzes the spatially uneven evolution of the Internet industry in China, arguing that the country's immense regional disparity in the provision of Internet services is best explained by the interplay of place- and path-dependence. The author demonstrates how the highly uneven regional endowments in relevant industrial and entrepreneurial resources have led to the substantial and persistent regional imbalance within China's emerging "new economy." His initial survey of the country's 100 leading Internet content providers (firms), identified from a listing of ca. 11,700 commercial websites, is selectively augmented to reflect an increase of over 70 million Internet users in 2007, reaching a total of 253 million in June 2008, and thus overtaking the United States as the world's largest Internet market. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: L10, L86, O30. 6 figures, 1 table, 53 references.     

The 1911 International Exposition in Rome: architecture, archaeology, and national identity

This paper discusses the 1911 International Exposition in Rome and illustrates how this patriotic celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of the Italian Sate utilized symbolic landscapes of architecture and archaeology to promote nationalist sentiments of italianità and romanità centered on the young capital of Rome. Through modern art exhibitions at the Valle Giulia, scientific conferences at the Castel Sant’Angelo, archaeological exhibits on the Roman Empire in the Baths of Diocletian, and regional Italian pavilions in the Piazza d’Armi, exposition officials offered a complex representation of Italian national identity that was modern yet ancient, cosmopolitan yet bucolic, European yet regional, and imperial yet developing.     

The Rise and Fall of Alexander the Great – The Need for Medical Analysis: Reply to Commentaries

Alexander the Great died in 323 B.C. from an unknown cause. By elucidating the nature of his death, we can better interpret various aspects of Alexandrian history. Alexander’s death may have ensued from the sequelae of a congenital scoliotic syndrome. It would therefore be of significance to note that one of the greatest leaders in history who conquered much of the then known world may have been suffering from a physical disability.     

Hospital Drama: Visual Theatres of the Medical Rendezvous from Asylum to Hospital with Reference to Specific Works by Anna Furse

Abstract

This paper is informed by Furse’s practice as a theatre maker in two fields of output that are connected by two factors: first, the presence of the woman patient — hysteric/subfertile respectively — within the clinical gaze; second, the significance of the womb to each pathology. In the treatment of each (explored in Furse’s theatre), lens based technologies play their part, whilst the cultural and medical can be seen to have overlapped to produce specific meaning with regard to Her body and its spectacularity. The article presents an overview of some of the key issues in precisely how the woman’s body becomes spectacular within this prosthetic medical gaze and how the medical — and theatrically designed spaces to represent these — become meaningful and potent proxemics that in turn inform medical/ theatrical spectatorship. Overarching nineteenth-century protocols at the Salpêtrière Hospital in Paris (where Furse’s Augustine (Big Hysteria) is set) to contemporary imaging technologies used in the treatment of subfertility with Assisted Reproduction Technologies (the topic of her Art of A.R.T. projects), it examines the way in which photography develops through cinema to X-Ray, ultrasound and then 3D/4D ultrasound to ‘capture’ the woman’s body in ways by which she becomes muted and exposed. These occular technologies that extend the gaze, first to an exterior subject and then, eventually, traversing the flesh without knife, lend specific performativity to the ‘patient’ women, within the context of hysterias and reproductive impairments respectively. Finally, issues of suspension of disbelief are addressed. The spectator’s faith in the screen-based image of Her spectacular body is interrupted in Furse’s work, which is also keenly interested in the effect of such imagery on the woman’s sense of Self. The historical and cultural leaps in this article argue that there is indeed a trajectory through the history of medical imaging since the first application of photography to anatomy to the more advanced scoping technologies of medical imaging today, and that in each era, the production of these images remain fraught with cultural implications.     

The Death of Alexander the Great – A Spinal Twist of Fate

Alexander the Great died in 323 B.C. from an unknown cause. Physical depictions of this historical figure reveal the likelihood of a cervical scoliotic deformity. This is substantiated with the medical history and is correlated with his untimely death. For the first time, it is concluded that Alexander’s death may have ensued from the sequelae of a congenital scoliotic syndrome.