Porcelain of The Ming and Qing Dynasties

June 28,2003, saw theopening of the Exhibition ofMing and Qing Dynasty Chi-naware in the Tibet Museum. A total of 103 pieces were on display, an overwhelming majority produced by the Jingdezhen Official Kiln of the Ming and Qing Dynasties (1368-1911) and the remainder by the Zhejiang Longquan Official Kiln.The Tibet Museum is the first modern museum of the Tibet Autonomous Region, with a rich collection of cultural relics, including some 2,000 pieces of porcelain produced     

Historical Relics and Qing Rule Over Tibet

In October 1720, when the Qing troops had driven the Zungar forces out of Tibet, the Qing court started to reform the govemment system of the region that was geared to control by Tibetans of the upper ruling class.     

TANG SHAOYI AND SINO-BRITISH NEGOTIATION ON TIBETAN ISSUE

In December 1903, the British, cashing in on the Japan-Russia scramble for northeast China, sent troops into Tibet. They captured Gyangze in April the next year, and Lhasa in August. The British forced Tibet to sign the Lhasa Convention, with the aim of cutting Tibet off from Chinese territory. High Commissioner You Tai, stationed in Tibet by the Qing court, was coerced by the British to sign the Convention.When the Qing court was informed, Emperor Guangxu appointed Tang ambassador …     

The Consolidation of the Suzerain-vassal Relationship between Tibet and Bhutan

Pho-lha-nas quelled the civil strife in Bhutan in 1730,and in 1734,and both sides of the conflict respectively dispatched envoys to Beijing to ask the Qing Court to confer honorific titles,which resulted in the final establishment of the Suzerain-vassal relationship between Tibet and Bhutan in the Qing Dynasty.However,the establishment of the political subordination relations did not necessarily eliminate the estrangement caused by the confrontations between Tibet and Bhutan in the past over 100 years.     

以康治藏：七世达赖喇嘛移驻惠远寺与清朝的康藏经略（英文）

正When the"Tibetan War"2 broke out in May,1727,Tibet asked the Qing Court for help and the Qing court ordered Jalangga and Zhou Ying,with Qing troops,to rescue Tibet.After the event,Pho lha ba was titled the"prince"by the Qing Court and     

NEW BOOKS

Eyewitness to Tibet： Story Told by Chairmen of Various TAR Governments,On the Spot Study of Religion in Tibetan Areas,Archives on Panchen Erdenis Preserved in the Qing Palace,Series Books on Tibetan Studies by Wu Fengpei,New Edition of TAR Map……     

A STUDY OF THE ORDINANCE FOR THE MORE EFFECTIVE GOVERNING OF TIBET

In 1791 or the 56th year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong, the Korgas invaded Tibet for the second time. They did killing and looted the Tashilhungpo Monastery in Xigaze. Qing General Fukang'an was sent to drive the invaders out of Tibet. InAugust the next year, the Qing troops went deep into areas where the Korgas made home, forcing them to surrender.Based on this experience, the Qing general submitted a report to the Qing court. In 1793, the Qing court released the Ordinance for the …     

On the Relationship between the Central Government and the Local Government of Tibet in the Late Qing Dynasty

After the Opium War in 1840, China was more and more semi-colonized. Around the turn of the 20th century, the national strength of the Qing Empire was quickly weakening. As a result, the Qing Court exercised a weaker rule over Tibet, and its political relationship with Tibet was consequently affected. On the problems of how to resist foreign invasions and how to handle Tibet's internal affairs, the Qing Court and     

New Books

Tibet during the Qing Dynasty and Bnlukpa The author,Dr.Thalho from the Ethnology and Anthropology Institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,wrote this book based on his wide-ranging and extensive study of historic literature in Chinese,Tibetan,Manchu and English.He sought to systematically analyze the complicated and uneasy relationship between Tibet during the Qing Dynasty and Bulukpa(today’s Bhutan).He offers a profound analysis of how the tributary system     

清乾隆朝第二次廓尔喀侵藏战争(1791－1792)史上的几个问题(英文)

<正>From 1791 to 1792 (the 56th to 57th year of the Qianlong Emperor's reign) during the Qing Dynasty, the Gurkhas invaded Tibet for the second time. The first invasion had been in 1788-1789. This time the Qing court sent troops to Tibet and repelled the invaders going     

NEW BOOKS

Books On the Basic Situation of China's Tibet This refers to a set of 10 books on the basic situa-tion of Tibet.Thus far,five have been published.including History of Tibet by Cheng Qingying,Geog—raphy of Tibet by Yang Jingye and Zheng Du,Religionin Tibet by Garzanggyia.Tourism in Tibet byAncaidain,and Stoties of Tibet by Zhang Xiaoming. All published by the China Intercontinental Press.thev tell Tibet from different angles and are completewim fine photos.History of Tibet tells the segment of     

西藏与布鲁克巴的宗藩关系巩固（英文）

正Pho-lha-nas quelled the civil strife in Bhutan in 1730,and in 1734,and both sides of the conflict respectively dispatched envoys to Beijing to ask the Qing Court to confer honorif ic titles,which resulted in the f inal establishment of the Suzerain-vassal relationship between Tibet and Bhutan in the Qing Dynasty.However,the establishment     

The Qing Court's Troop Deployment in Tibet and Its Expenditure

1.Expenditure on troops stationedin Tibet(1) Source of military expenditureThe Qing court first stationed troops in Tibet inthe Yongzheng period (1723-1735).The purpose was toguarantee the safety of the Resident Minister of Tibet.According to Yue Zhongqi's memorial to the court inthe fifth year of the Yongzheng reign period (1727):“Ifno garrison troops were sent to Tibet,we had to main-tain armed forces in Sichuan and Shaanxi provinces inconstant readiness for an emergency.At the same time     

Tibetans＇ Fight Against British Invasion

Late in the 19th century, the Qing Central Governmentwas in a state of permanent decline, and its control oversome southwestern and northwestern areas suffered accordingly,making possible British and Russian incursions. In order to expand its sphereof influence and occupy all of Tibet,Britain clandestinely sent nominal preachers, tourists and explorers to explore for minerals in Tibet. Later,they managed to encroach on some of the adjacent countries of Tibet including Nepal, Sikkim and Bhutan, paving the way for invading Tibet.     

Frontier Stories： Periphery as Center in Qing History

Since at least the 1960s, the importance of the tremendous territorial expansion under Qing role to the modem history of China has been generally acknowledged. Indeed, one can say that the frontier story is one of the things that makes the Qing ＂Qing.＂ However, only in the last twenty years has the study of what is now termed the ＂borderlands＂ come into its own as a sub-field. This essay begins by describing some key concepts and terms in the study of the Qing frontier, including the Manchu wordjecen. It then raises the problem of narrative fiameworks, asking how we might best contextualize the growth of the empire, before going on to explore the implications of the discursive shift represented by the ＂New Qing History＂ and the extensive research on Qing borderlands associated therewith. A poem by the Mongol poet Na-xun Lan-bao provides the focus for a concluding discussion of a distinctive Qing frontier sensibility.     

Brief History of Tibet＇s Cutled-up Dragon Stamps, London Edition, with Affixed Revenue

In order to unify the nationwide postage,in 1909(the first year of Emperor Xuantong‘s reign) the Qing Dynasty sent Deng Weibing, a postal patrol official, to Tibet from Beijing to make preparations for the launch of Tibetan postage. In igio(the second year of Emperor Xuantong‘s reign), the Qing Dynasty set up a postal head office in Lhasa,     

试论英国在廓尔喀两次入侵西藏中的角色问题(英文)

<正>In 1788, Gurkha invaded Tibet in the name of "silver-money trade conflict" for the first time. When Tibet local government responded in a flurry and the Ambans asked Qing court for help with urgency, Drungpa Hutoktu, the regent of Tsang, wrote to Lord Cornwallis to seek help in the name of Panchen Lama, keeping from the Ambans. Lord     

清代对西藏的军事管理与支出

The Qing court first stationed troops in Tibet in the Yongzheng period (1723-1735). The purpose was to guarantee the safety of the Resident Minister of Tibet.According to Yue Zhongqi‘s memorial to the court in the fifth year of the Yongzheng reign period (1727): “If no garrison troops were sent to Tibet, we had to maintain armed forces in Sichuan and Shaanxi provinces in constant readiness for an emergency At the same timewe have to send officials to Tibet to protect the Dalai Lama. The court is now discussing sending a military officer to follow the imperial envoy to Tibet,     

NEW BOOKS

Modern History of Tibet Authored by Xu Guangzhi, this book is a subsidiary project of Research Into Traditional Culture and History (of the PRC Ministry of Education) conducted by China Tibetology Research Institute of Tibet University. The book combines modern history of Tibet with modern history of China as a whole. It tells the close ties between various members of the Chinese nation. From the special way the Tibetans showed their patriotism, readers see how the Tibetans fought the invaders. According to the book, "the independence of Tibet" is the product of imperialist aggres     

西部大开发中的西藏现代化——以中央政府对西藏的政策支持为视角

The Chinese Government has developed a strategy for the “Broad-Scale Development of WesternChina”, bringing the development of Western China, including Tibet, into the overall strategy for the modernisation of China. It has also formulated special preferential policies towards Tibet. Therefore Tibet is now in historically favorable circumstances for development. By studying those preferential policies toward Tibet adopted by the Chinese Government,the author tries to analyze their social and economic benefits, tease out the fundamental principles of Tibetan development reflected by them,