Crisis Amid Plenty Revisited: Comments on the Problematic Potential of Russian Oil

Two economic geographers specializing in the mineral resources of the former Soviet Union and Russia discuss a paper on Russian oil published in this journal by a seasoned oberserver of this critical subject since the early 1970s. The authors comment on the behavior of Russian oil companies such as Yukos, Russian economic policy in mid-2004, and the role of foreign companies, capital, and advanced technology. Recalling mistaken estimates of declining Soviet oil output in the late 1970s, they outline factors that suggest a somewhat more optimistic outcome could be possible, but note that the drift toward government control, which runs counter to the oil industry's efficiency, is not a positive sign. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: L71, O13, O18, 27 references.     

Impact of the Russian Financial Crisis on Stock Exchanges in Central and Eastern Europe

A German economist analyses the structure of capital flows to Central and Eastern European countries following the Russian financial crisis in August 1998. Special attention is devoted to the behavior of equity flows and their impact on the stock exchanges in the region and on enterprises' ability to raise capital. In addition, the paper provides an assessment of the effects of the establishment of pension funds on the development of the stock exchanges and evaluates the prospects for several newly established trading places for stocks of companies from Central and Eastern Europe. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: F30, G15, G20. 1 figure, 4 tables, 24 references.     

社会变动中的群体与个人——新微观史学述评

第二次世界大战以来,西方“新史学”取得了令人瞩目的成就,其研究的范围涵盖了社会的各个方面,深入到社会史的各个领域,其史学思想对各国史学研究都具有广泛的影响。随着时间的推移,“新史学”本身亦综合发展,其包容度日益扩大,产生了诸如计量史学、即时史学、历史人类学、心态史学等不同的研究方法,其中心态史学占有重要的地位,法国名心态史学家伏维尔甚至称心态史学为“长时段的优势领域”。70年代后半期至80年代的心态史学中,     

清季俄罗斯文馆延聘俄人教习研究

在俄罗斯文馆存在的一个半世纪里,先后有多名俄人担任教习之职。康熙年间,文馆教习由俄国商队成员、降人及后裔充任,教习队伍不稳定,语言水平也不高。从雍正初期起,文馆开始延聘俄国东正教驻北京传教士团成员担任教习,其中罗索欣、弗拉德金和列昂季耶夫与满人富勒赫合作编写出中国第一本俄语教科书。自道光年间起,有4位传教士团领班被俄罗斯文馆聘为教习,但由于鸦片战争爆发后中俄关系的实质已经由以往的平等交往转向了俄国伙同西方列强对中国进行瓜分,他们并未发挥出"协同教授"的作用,更多时候是将在文馆兼职作为为俄国政府探听清廷内情的机会或手段。     

Russian Fiscal Federalism under Stress: Federal Support of Regions during the Global Financial Crisis

A former high-ranking Russian Ministry of Finance official examines the consequences of financial support extended to regions by the Russian Federation government during the global financial crisis in 2008-2010, for the purpose of exploring its potential impact on the regions' financial health in 2011-2012. The paper is structured around an analysis of the three major dimensions of that support: (1) legal and administrative actions undertaken at the federal level to reduce financial pressure on the regions; (2) increased issuance of intergovernmental fiscal grants in 2009; and (3) loans granted to the regions from the federal budget. The author argues that the financial crisis has provided a "stress test" that is useful in assessing the efficiency and flexibility of the Russian system of fiscal federalism.     

Signposts: A collection of articles on the Russian intelligentsia

Jan Smuts was one of the key figures in the creation of the League of Nations, the first international organisation with truly global pretensions. However, Holism and Evolution, the most philosophical of his works, and one that illuminates his views on international organisation, has remained in a state of relative academic neglect. This paper turns to that work for a richer understanding of the background assumptions of those who contributed to the creation of the League. To do so, this paper lays bare the main ideas of Holism and Evolution, emphasising those elements most relevant to Smuts's proposals for international organisation, and situates his thought within broader currents of liberal imperialism. Such an examination of Holism and Evolution aids greatly in our understanding of some of the most contested issues in the debate over the nascent League of Nations: sovereignty, imperialism, self-determination, and the conception of politics in organic terms.     

上海出版业的真实记载--评《上海出版志》

洋洋200万字的《上海出版志》(宋原放、孙颍主编,上海社会科学院出版社出版)的问世是上海出版系统的大事。它是建国后上海第一部出版志,全面反映了上海出版业的历史与现状,深刻总结了上海出版业的经验与教训。读完全书,深感其有几个鲜明特点。     

明古知今谨严风雅--评《洛阳市志·人口志》

洛阳,作为中华文明起源的核心地区,素有"天下之中"、"三代之居"、最早农业经济发祥地等诸多美誉.也正因为其与众不同的历史地位,使其人口发展史格外引人瞩目.《洛阳市志·人口志》在谋篇布局上,以人口学基本原理及科学概念为依据,体现出篇目科学严谨的特点.     

简评陶安

陶安是封建时代的人学士,参加起义军之后,为朱元璋料理军务、制定政策、治国安民做出了贡献。陶安在黄州、饶州任知府,在江西行省任参政期间,为百姓做了许多有益的工作,得到人民的拥戴,更得到朱元璋的褒美。明清史学家肯定了陶安的功绩和学术地位。     

谱写英雄赞歌再铸历史辉煌--喜读《廊坊市志》

新世纪元年,有幸拜读河北省《廊坊市志》,令我欣喜不已。这是一部三卷本共300万字的巨志,由河北省廊坊市志编修委员会编纂,方志出版社2001年7月出版。这是我在新千年之始阅读的第一部内容丰富、特色鲜明、印制精良的新志书。     

浅谈艺术创作的灵感

灵感在艺术家的艺术创作中至关重要,关系到艺术创作的成败。艺术创作灵感的培养与艺术家的生活感怀、个人修养不无关系。     

烟草志篇目设计问题之评述

《广西通志·烟草志》的篇目是在参考了《上海烟草志》、《福建烟草志》、《云南省烟草志》等专业志,并在《中国烟草通志·广西资料长篇》的基础上设计完成的.它吸取了已出版烟草志在篇目设计上的教训,如三级结构难以容纳客观性内容、附录设置不遵体例、标题重复、门类划分不细、一些事项未能事以类从等.《广西通志·烟草志》的篇目构架了烟草业发展的诸个环节,自上而下逐级涵盖,并在认真分析资料的基础上,突出了志书的特点.     

中俄边界沿革史研究

1689年,中俄签订了《尼布楚界约》,这是中俄两国签订的第一个界约,也是中国外交史上与外国订立的最早界约。它从法律上肯定了黑龙江、乌苏里江流域的广大地区是中国的领土。170年后,沙皇俄国乘腐朽的清王朝处于内忧外患之机,迫使清政府与之签订了《瑷珲条约》(1858年)和《北京条约》(1860年)。