FACTORS AFFECTING THE VIABILITY OF THERMOLUMINESCENCE DATING OF GLASS

The aim of this study is to achieve a better understanding of some of the factors that limit the thermoluminescence (TL) dating of glass. Using a‘model system’(lithium-disilicate samples having different levels of crystallinity from 0 to 100%), we show, first, that the TL of glass is reproducible only if the glass is not heated above its temperature glass transition and second, that there is a clear connection between the TL sensitivity and the degree of crvstallinity of the sample. We conclude that thermoluminescence is not a general dating method for archaeological glass, but it can be applied to particular glass samples that haue specified characteristics.     

THE IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON THE INCIDENCE OF LUNG CANCER AMONG RURAL RESIDENTS

Lung cancer mortality in the rural areas of Moscow Oblast is found to be virtually identical with data for urban areas. In an effort to establish a set of potential causative factors in rural areas, selected factors are correlated with lung cancer mortality by Moscow Oblast rayons. The highest positive correlation is found for the use of farm pesticides from the carcinogenic dithiocarbamate group, followed by the percentage of workers employed in agriculture, the amount of smoking per capita, the amount of dust-causing plowing, the use of farm machinery (producing exhaust gases) and the use of kerosene (producing household soot). A negative correlation is found between lung cancer and the percentage of white-collar workers employed in rural areas. The selected set of factors accounts for 45 percent of the variance in lung-cancer incidence, but no single specific factor can be isolated to explain the high mortality in rural areas, which evidently stems from a combination of causes.     

基于POI大数据的老工业区房价影响因素空间分异与实证

在采集沈阳市铁西区2017年住宅、工厂、地铁站等兴趣点数据的基础上,将工厂距离、房龄以及住宅密度三个变量与传统变量共同参与构建地理加权回归模型,揭示房价影响因素的空间异质性及形成机制。结果表明：在全区范围内,房龄、住宅密度、公共交通、公共配套设施等对房价有显著的提升作用,而工业企业等对房价有一定的抑制作用;新老城区对比来看,所筛选的影响因素与房价的相关性具有显著的空间非平稳性,具体表现在工厂距离、公交密度、商场距离等因素在新老城区的正负影响差异,以及住宅密度、地铁站距离等单向影响因子回归系数的强度渐变;从研究方法来看,基于POI与GWR集成分析,可以有效克服房价实时更新慢、准确度低及数据清洗困难等传统难题,从而为构建和发展新数据环境下的经济地理研究提供参考。     

旅游业发展影响因子灰色关联分析

为旅游规划、评价、决策等提供科学依据,运用灰色关联动态分析方法,对影响我国旅游发展的因子进行判识,揭示影响旅游业发展的主导因子。研究结果表明,选取的各因子对旅游业发展影响程度存在明显差别,可划分为三个层次:全国图书、杂志和报纸出版量因子的灰关联度最高,说明该因子的变化对发展我国旅游业有着特殊重要意义;国际铁、公路客车、民用航空飞机拥有量对旅游收入的关联度排名靠后,表明公共交通工具并不如所想的对旅游业发展具有强拉动作用;剩余17个因子对旅游业发展影响程度介于两者之间,尤其是旅行社数、城市园林绿地面积、人均GDP、人均消费性支出和人均储蓄存款余额5个因子的关联度近乎1(均为0.99),说明这5个指标对旅游业发展的影响作用仅次于全国图书、杂志和报纸出版量因子,在推动和促进旅游业快速方面具有不可替代的地位。     

FACTORS AFFECTING RESPONSE TO NOISE IN OUTDOOR RECREATIONAL ENVIRONMENTS

As the world gets more and more crowded, silence becomes a rarer and rarer natural resource. (Rennicke 1987, 27)     

SEPARATION,RETALIATION AND SUICIDE: MOURNING AND THE CONFLICTS OF YOUNG TIWI MEN

This paper describes some Tiwi conceptions of death, linking an important myth of the origins of death to an interpretation of the dynamics of Tiwi mourning. It argues that one part of the myth describes the psychological dangers of human responses to loss, in particular the dangers of destructive rage and self-destructive withdrawal, suicide. The mourning ceremonies facilitate the overcoming of these dangers and the re-integration of the individual into collective life in the course of a drawn-out process, a patterned dramatization of reactions to grief in collective action. The collective process of mourning is central to processes of psychological and social integration in Tiwi life. The paper then discusses a case of pathological mourning which led to the suicide of a young man, and sketches the impact of this death on a number of the younger male kinsmen of the deceased. The suicide was followed by a number of suicide attempts by these men. These attempts can be seen partly as manifestations of individuals' conflict with their surroundings, but also as manifestations of the collective process of adjustment to the death, in a sense as the culmination of the history of mourning in a family-group extending over more than twenty years. In conclusion, the paper briefly summarizes recent changes in Tiwi social life which have contributed to the precariousness of integration of young men, and to the emergence of the historically new pathological forms implied by the contemporary rise in the number of instances of suicide.     

旅游拥挤事件的形成因素及作用路径研究

借助百度和谷歌搜索引擎的聚合新闻检索功能,获取国内典型旅游拥挤事件的新闻报道作为案例数据,应用扎根理论分析方法,提炼出旅游拥挤事件的形成因素及作用路径。研究发现：①旅游拥挤事件的形成是旅游者受到旅游需求和供给的“推-拉”,并在假期制度限制下产生的旅游客流时空集中现象;②恶劣天气、地形交通、行为干扰等因素会催化客流压力,对景区承载能力构成威胁,进而产生旅游拥挤现象;③景区规划、监测预警、信息发布和应急处置等环节的不足则会导致拥挤现象的影响面扩大,最终发酵为具有一定负面社会影响的旅游拥挤事件;④旅游拥挤事件包括客流压力型、突发因素型、管理失误型和行为干扰型四种作用路径。避免或减少旅游拥挤事件发生,需要从景区信息化、文明旅游、供给优化和完善休假等方面进行管理调控。     

流动人口居留稳定性的群体分异与空间格局

利用2015年全国1%人口抽样调查数据,本文分析了流动人口居留稳定性的总体特征、群体分异和空间差异性,并对流动人口居留稳定性的影响因素进行了探讨。结果表明：①我国跨市流动人口在当前城市的平均居住时间约为5年,新生代流动人口的居留稳定性与老一代并没有显著差异,从事工业行业的流动人口居留稳定性明显低于各类服务业从业者;②省内流动人口的居留稳定性低于省际流动人口,且有更大的可能离开当前城市,转向省际流动;③城市流动人口的规模和居留稳定性在空间格局和影响因素方面均存在明显差异,虽然收入水平和就业机会依然是吸引流动人口的主要因素,但公共服务、住房市场和环境等城市宜居性因素对提高流动人口的居留稳定性更为重要。     

BIOPOLITICS AMONG THE DISCIPLINES

A new wave of publications attempts to bring together theory and history in order to reconsider the past, present, and future in light of a looming catastrophe. Whether in political theory, sociology, anthropology, or intellectual history, scholars are attempting to reflect about the present beyond the old boundaries that separate left and right, inner and outer, civilian and solider, friend and enemy. Three recent publications, by Catherine Mills, Didier Fassin, and an anthology edited by Devin Pendas, Mark Roseman, and Richard Wetzel, do so by considering the growth of biopolitical critique in their respective disciplines.     

THE POLITICS OF MEASURING POVERTY AMONG THE ELDERLY

We discuss the special problems associated with efforts to measure poverty among the elderly. Income measures must be adjusted for a variety of non-income sources of well-being such as net worth, human capital, and in-kind, transfers. While such adjustments are needed, efforts to date are problematic to the extent that new sources of error are introduced. A close analysis of official government measures of poverty reveals that they reflect a variety of political assumptions and compromises. Examination of the eligibility criteria associated with various government social programs for the elderly reveal implicit poverty lines that differ from the official poverty lines. The importance of these operational poverty lines cannot be overestimated.     

THE SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF CARD PLAYING AMONG THE DAULO

While most Daulo people in Eastern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea gamble at cards, there is disagreement about the acceptability of this activity. Organized opposition to card-playing comes from two sources that, in other contexts, are at odds with each other: the wok meri (‘women's work‘) movement and the Village Court. Both criticize card-playing as individualistic, economically unproductive, and unpredictable. Gambling at cards contributes to differences in individual wealth and the Daulo are ambivalent about inequality. While they strongly approve of competition, they believe that it should be harnessed for the good of the group, not just the individual. The tension between these sometimes conflicting values is expressed by the polarity of Daulo people's strong attraction to card games and the organized opposition that gambling elicits from wok meri and the Village Court.     

影响方言的地理因素刍议

方言在形成和发展进程中受到各种因素的影响和制约.自然环境中的山川、社会经济生话的方式、历史行政区划的变更和移民的路线等,对方言的语文、语汇及其地理分布都有十分明显有的影响。