Ronald Reagan and the Russians

Abstract

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久居中亚的俄罗斯人——对异民族环境的适应问题

许多民族在历史上都有这样的情况：本民族的一部分人由于种种原因远离故土,来到陌生的异国他乡,置身于全新的异民族环境中,并逐步适应陌生的环境。沙俄时期,大批俄罗斯人作为“农民殖民者”移居中亚,这些俄罗斯农民移民就属于这样一个特殊的地域群体。他们长期生活在与祖籍地不同的自然、气候条件下,与文化传统相去甚远的异民族居民交往。在对这种全新生活环境的适应过程中,他们与异民族居民建立了一种新的族际关系,并形成了一种独特的族际交流文化。     

Russia and the IMF

Russia's economic crisis in the summer of 1998 has renewed debate as to whether the International Monetary Fund (IMF) has helped, hindered or been irrelevant to economic transition in the core of the former Soviet Union. The authors examine the relationship between the Fund and Russia over the past ten years, highlighting a mixed record of successes, failures and the limits of the Fund's role. They argue that the institution may well have also inadvertently facilitated the rise of political forces which are today opposed to the second phase of reforms which Russia so desperately needs. In conclusion, the authors question whether the IMF ought to continue to lead Western attempts to foster stability and growth in Russia.     

Russia and the Islamic World

This article offers a historical retrospective of the interactions between Russia and the Islamic world in all their diversity, beginning from the first trade contacts of Medieval Rus with the Arabs and Persians of the Abbasid era, as well as with the Turkic-speaking residents of Volga Bulgaria. The author concludes that except for the initial sporadic period, the connections between Russian and Muslim worlds have been stable and close throughout all the following periods. Moreover, with time, these two civilizational communities turned into communicating vessels because of the growing number of Muslims within the Russian State and in Russian society. Special attention is paid to Russian-Turkish relations across several centuries. A complete comprehension of the relations between Russia and the Islamic world through an example of the historical retrospective of Russian interactions with the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey helps to provide a full appreciation of the importance of joint efforts to secure a bridge connecting East and West and the oriental civilizations with Russia.     

俄罗斯的欧亚选择与中俄边疆区域合作

历史上俄罗斯多次出现"回归欧洲"还是"融入亚洲"的讨论和选择,但独特的地缘政治和经济环境决定了俄罗斯必须在欧亚之间起到有效的链接作用,欧亚经济一体化的进程也离不开俄罗斯的积极作为。俄罗斯在积极与欧洲发展合作的同时也要在亚洲扮演重要的角色。中俄边疆区域合作是中俄关系发展的主要组成部分,为使中俄关系保持持续和稳定的发展,就必须排除"中国威胁论"论调的干扰。     

主角与配角的悖谬——现代文学中俄侨主、配角形象管窥

俄侨是中国历史进程中存在的一个特殊群体，中国现代文学中存在着大量的俄侨形象。其中，现代作家们着意塑造和刻画的作为主角的俄侨形象，都无论如何不能逃脱痛苦悲惨的命运；而作为配角和背景出现的俄侨形象，则不但拥有幸福美好生活，甚至令中国人无比羡慕。探寻痛苦的主角与幸福的配角产生的原因，会发现在俄侨题材创作的背后隐藏着作家们对社会功利目的和自身心理平衡的寻求。     

Russia after the Global Financial Crisis

Two prominent American specialists on the Russian economy present a fundamental analysis of basic economic factors explaining how the global financial crisis has played out in Russia and its implications for the country's future. More specifically, the authors examine the consequences of Russia's dependence on and addiction to resource (oil and gas) rents and of the management system put in place under Vladimir Putin to maintain, secure, and distribute these rents. They then investigate how each of these factors has emerged from the crisis and how it might evolve in the years ahead. Focusing on the distinction between rent dependence and addiction, the authors question the conventional wisdom that diversification of Russia's economy (away from oil and gas) is a desirable objective that will render it less vulnerable to external shocks. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: E020, F020, G010, O130. 15 figures, 44 references.