保皇会在澳洲的兴起——基于《东华新报》的媒体传播理论与量化分析

论文对澳洲华侨史上最具影响力的报纸——《东华新报》的内容进行了量化分析,并重点考察了保皇会运动在澳洲的兴起背景。认为从海外华人世界看中国,《东华新报》为我们了解晚清帝国的内政外交,尤其是戊戌政变后风云变幻的混乱格局,开启了一扇别样的窗口。其报道的关于康梁保皇会在海外的活动,为我们进一步审视19世纪末澳洲联邦成立前后,当地新兴民族主义催生之排华情境下,澳洲华人如何处理跨国境遇以及反思他们的民族认同感,提供了新视角。     

保皇会在加拿大的创立、发展及跨国活动(1899-1905)——基于北美新见史料的考证

保皇会于1899年在加拿大创立并在1905年前后扩展到全球华人社会。利用在北美新发现的档案、碑文等资料可以订正和补充康有为及中、西学者对该组织在加拿大的创建人、诞生地、分会总数、会员构成和主要活动等问题的错误或片面记载。康氏在1899倡立的保皇会实际是由温哥华的华侨商人率先进行组织筹备工作的,该会全加总部在1905年前后已经发展了40多个分会,而非学者通常所知的12个分会。该组织不仅包括了富裕的华侨商人,而且集合了数量庞大的普通华侨,还发展了为妇女争取权利的保皇女会。加拿大保皇会也协助康有为发起和领导了一系列跨国活动,对海外华人的政治动员和全球性整合产生了积极影响。     

《罗兹地图》中的“澳洲”之谜

英国学者孟席斯最近出版的《1 4 2 1年 :中国人发现美洲》一书 ,认为《罗兹地图》上的“澳洲”是复制了郑和船队分舟宗所绘制的地图 ,因此是郑和船队发现了澳洲。但是 ,中西海图是不同的体系 ,《罗兹地图》是地理大发现的产物 ,主要源于葡萄牙人的资料 ,地图上的“大爪哇”和“小爪哇”反映了当时欧洲人对爪哇岛和南方大陆的混乱认识 ,与郑和下西洋没有关系。孟席斯之说难以令人信服。     

浅析张东荪的文化观——以《时事新报·学灯》为例

近年来学界对于张东荪有着丰富的成果,但大都是从政治、哲学等方面来进行研究,很少涉及文化领域。张东荪是《时事新报》副刊《学灯》的初期主编,他的文化思想影响了其后的走向。本文以《时事新报?学灯》为视角来管窥张东荪的文化观,以期对其可以有更全面的了解。     

复制抑或再造:《南洋总汇新报》和《中兴日报》论战新探

论文梳理了《南洋总汇新报》和《中兴日报》的创刊背景、双方论战的内容、双方论战的特点,在此基础上,对论战结局提出了一些新的思考和看法。论文认为发生在新加坡的《南洋总汇新报》和《中兴日报》的论战,虽然是《新民丛报》与《民报》论战的延续,但是也因地点、受众人群以及现实情况的改变而具有区域特点。这场论战的结局也不是以往传统观点所认为的革命派取得大胜,实际上没有胜负可言,双方都通过宣传自己的政治主张获得一批支持者,促进了民主思想的传播和华侨的思想解放。同时这场革命派与立宪派的论战既增强了华侨的爱国主义精神,也在华侨政治倾向转变的过程中起到了推波助澜的作用。     

戊戌时期的学术与政治——以康有为“两考”引发的不同反响为中心

《新学伪经考》与《孔子改制考》被后人视为康有为推行其维新变法的理论基础,而时人则目之为“康学”。但同为“康学”的重要组成部分,“两考”问世后所引发的反响却不尽相同。前者因问世较早,且没有涉及太多“孔子改制”等微言大义,故时人的评论基本上是从学术研究的角度提出的;而后者因其鲜明的“改制”主旨,时人的评价也由学术转向政治。反对康有为变法者,因政见与康有为不同而对其学术大加攻击;支持康有为变法者,因政见与康有为一致而宽容、理解其学术,这其中所透露出的是戊戌时期学术与政治的复杂关系。     

张謇与虚而满 1920年一次交往史事管窥——以南通《通海新报》报载资料为主要线索

1920年3月,荷兰驻沪总领事虚而满致函南通保坍会,请求允许两艘本国巡洋舰官兵来通参观游览.荷兰这一支海军舰队访通之际,恰逢此前一艘日本军舰官兵擅自登陆引起南通向日本政府抗议之时,以张謇为代表的南通士绅谨慎考虑,区别对待,既给予虚而满热情回应,答应其请求,又注重维护国家主权、民族尊严与南通荣誉.其间,对张謇决定邀请荷兰巡洋舰官兵发挥关键作用的,是荷兰工程师亨利克·特来克生前对南通水利事业作出的杰出贡献.     

《龙舞》原始——兼论《雩舞》的起源

龙是中华民族的象征,炎黄子孙夙以“龙的传人”自谓：一首广为流传的歌曲中唱道：“古老的东方有一条龙,它的名字就叫中国……”     

戊戌时期康有为的“洪水说”“地顶说”“地运说”——兼论《康子内外篇》的写作与完成时间

戊戌时期,康有为在万木草堂讲授中谈到了"洪水说",即四千年前世界全陷于洪水之中,人类的历史从此开始,中国的历史从夏禹开始;谈到了"地顶说",即昆仑为地顶,在洪水期间保留了人类的早期文明,昆仑有"四大金龙池",是额尔齐斯河、阿姆河、印度河、黄河的源头,由此形成了繁荣的亚洲文明。这些奇特的学说究竟有什么政治目的?本文认定,《康子内外篇·地势篇》涉及到"地顶说",但已发展成为"地势说",是康有为在戊戌之后的思想。本文说明,康有为弟子徐勤、刘桢麟、梁启超政论文中的"地运说",即人类文明从印度发生,向西传播到欧洲和美洲,将通过东西两条路线(俄国西伯利亚、美洲经日本)传到中国,才是"洪水说""地顶说"的最后结论。     

论梁启超近代国家思想提出的内在逻辑——以《清议报》为中心

梁启超刊发于《清议报》的大量文、论,清楚展现了他提出近代国家思想的内在逻辑。戊戌政变发生后,梁启超被迫流亡日本,“效申包胥之哭”,乞师日英,终以失败告终。以此为契机,梁启超开始关注日英对华政策,充分认识到保全即瓜分的本质。而后,他以西方的近代国家思想为理论基础,果断提出依靠国民实现国家独立的全新命题,《清议报》遂成为梁启超输入并阐发近代国家思想的园地。但作为“康党”的“机关报”,《清议报》同时并存着保皇尊王与依靠国民两条不无紧张的独立路径,这既是其“党报”性质使然,也显示出该报的过渡特征。     

A Critique in Search of a Corpus: Re-visiting Governance and Re-interpreting Urban Politics

One of the most profound changes of the last two decades has been in the form and the function of local government. Its role as part of the local state has been challenged through the re-scaling and re-configuration of many of its aims. This paper examines the growth of business sector involvement and the ascendancy of the partnership model in urban development, as part of an analysis of the changes and the continuities that stretch across the local government – local governance conceptualization of political relations. I start the paper with a discussion of the main issues in the local governance literature as a precursor to a commentary onImrie and Raco's (1999) recent paper, 'How New is the New Local Governance? Lessons from the United Kingdom'. The wider literature is drawn upon to discuss some of the theoretical approaches used to analyse this much-vaunted transformation and three key themes are used to structure the remainder of the paper. I argue that Imrie and Raco caricature the work of other academics in order to make their claims over omissions from the literature. In doing so, they ignore or under-play how state restructuring and the logic of capital has often been the object of analysis, rather that the voluntarist incorporation of business élites into the local governing apparatus. Using empirical examples from three English cities I argue that while, on the one hand, their examples are revealing and serve to sensitize current debates around governance, the state and regulation, on the other hand, there is still a need to interpret these 'local' politics within a broader and more scale-sensitive framework and in more abstract terms. This demands a clear distinction between local governance as a concept, and its investigation in an empirical way.     

Australian Communist Party of Australia v The Commonwealth: Histories of Australian Legalism

Abstract

In this article I structure legalism as a device to interpret how 1951 is remembered in law, in order to show what legal orthodoxies meant in their own time, and how that shifts to a different form of legalism in our own. In doing so, I will argue that the idea of legalism famously produced by the High Court judgment in 1951 has shifted its meaning as much as the ideological support of and opposition to communism that were expressed in the case. I will suggest that this history requires conscious incorporation in the commemorative narratives of ‘democracy vs. communism’.     

Election Campaigns and Television News Coverage: The Case of the 2001 Australian Election

This paper examines the patterns of television news coverage of the political parties, their leaders and the issues they raised during the 2001 Australian federal election campaign. By focusing on some issues, parties and leaders, television has long been argued to constrain voters' evaluations. We find that television news coverage in the 2001 Australian election campaign focused primarily on international issues, especially terrorism and asylum seekers, and on the two major parties—virtually to the exclusion of coverage of the minor parties and their leaders. Within the major party ‘two-horse race’, television gave substantially more coverage to the leaders than to the parties themselves, thereby sustaining what some have called a ‘presidential’-style political contest. John Howard emerged as the winner in the leaders' stakes, garnering more coverage than Labor's Kim Beazley.     

In Search of Happiness: Victor Jacquemont's Travel in America

This article examines Victor Jacquemont's reflections on American democracy and society occasioned by his travel in the United States in 1827. A close friend of Stendhal, Jacquemont (1801–32) was one of the most prominent representatives of the new French generation that came of age around 1820. After a presentation of Jacquemont's political and intellectual background, the essay examines his remarks on slavery and the future of the red race, the different forms of religion, domestic manners, associational life, and newspapers in America. Because Jacquemont grasped the impact of equality on individual lives and mores in America, he might be regarded as a forerunner of Tocqueville.     

Commodification and Creative Destruction in the Australian Rural Landscape: The Case of Bridgetown,Western Australia

This paper examines the destructive tendencies associated with the commodification of rurality in some of Australia’s more scenic and accessible rural areas. While development based on the consumption of idealised rural landscapes and cultures can contribute to the accumulation of capital in rural areas, it can also result in the destruction of those aspects which consumers find attractive. These attributes include traditional farming landscapes, picturesque country towns, scenic rural environments, and perceptions of congenial and cohesive local communities. The purpose of this paper is to provide insights into the processes that lead to the degradation of these attributes. The discussion is set within the context of the ‘commodification of rurality’ and ‘creative destruction’ perspectives, and uses the case of Bridgetown in the south‐west of Western Australia to illustrate how an almost unfettered pattern of development is leading to the gradual destruction of the countryside ideal.