The Stone Quarry Cottage Site: Mid-Nineteenth-Century Settlement on Grand Island

Abstract

Archaeological testing was recently conducted at the Stone Quarry Cottage Site on Grand Island, Michigan. The site is a mid-nineteenth-century homestead situated on the shore of Lake Superior. The recent rehabilitation of the cabin by the United States Forest Service allowed the placement of archaeological excavation units within the footprint of the cabin. The site has produced a distinct pattern of artifact deposition that has provided baseline data for ongoing studies of the mid-nineteenthcentury settlement on the island. Despite its provisional nature, the data generated at the Stone Quarry Cottage identified patterns of site occupation reflecting domestic and transient use of this site, for the island as a whole, and possibly for other nineteenthcentury frontier settings. This paper outlines the results of the archaeological testing and offers a discussion concerning the interpretation of the site.     

Eisenhower and Kennedy: A Comparison of Confrontations at Little Rock and Ole Miss

The purpose of this study is to assess the ways in which President Dwight D. Eisenhower and John F. Kennedy reacted to the civil rights crises in Little Rock in 1957 and at Ole Miss in 1962. A side theme is to assess presidential learning by seeing whet Kennedy learned from the lessons taught by Eisenhower. Each president was reluctant to commit federal troops to enforcing civil rights, was concerned about the problems associated with federalism, and ended up feeling forced to commit troops nonetheless. The message is that despite the presidents' best intentions, troops ultimately had to be committed. Kennedy was unable to avoid the traps that Eisenhower had encountered, and the imposition of the national government on the enforcement of civil rights was firmly established.     

Reconsidering the Antiquity of Trade on Madeline Island: A View from the Cadotte Site in Northern Wisconsin

Abstract

The Cadotte site, excavated in 1961, is often cited in archaeological and ethnohistorical literature as an example of a short term, mid-seventeenth century refugee encampment of the Huron and/or Odawa circa 1660–1670. A closer examination of the site assemblage has resulted in a reassessment of the general assumptions regarding the site and its use by Huron and Odawa during the mid-seventeenth century. The ceramic assemblage indicates that the site was occupied much earlier and for a longer period than previously understood, circa 1620–1670. This is supported by the European trade goods assemblage. It is also argued that the site served a specialized function, as a place of seasonal rendezvous for the Ontario Odawa and their central Algonquin trading partners. Further, the character of the pottery suggests that a portion of the sample may reflect Algonquin mimicry of Ontario Wendat traditions. The revised understanding of the time depth and function of the site, as well as the character of its associated ceramic assemblage, has also prompted the reconsideration of the identity of the Algonquin groups who visited the island, and the antiquity of the Ojibwe presence at this locale.     

Skeletal markers of occupational stress in the Fur Trade: A case study from a Hudson's Bay Company Fur Trade post

The Seafort Burial Site (FcPr100) is a Fur Trade Period cemetery located near the town of Rocky Mountain House, Alberta. The results of recent analysis of skeletons recovered during salvage excavations between 1969 and 1971 suggest that three males in this sample were voyageurs in the employ of the Hudson's Bay Company. Vertebral osteophytosis and osteoarthritis, Schmorl's nodes, muscle origin robusticity and new bone formation at entheses and syndesmoses, and osteoarthritis at the elbow and shoulder joints provide evidence for carrying, lifting, and paddling or rowing. The presence of accessory sacral facets also may be stress-related. In addition, the development of accessory articular facets on the metatarsals and proximal pedal phalanges may indicate activity-induced stress from hyperdorsiflexion of the toes in habitual kneeling, such as when river canoeing.     

Turn Away Thy Son: Little Rock, the Crisis that Shocked A Nation

As I write this, Little Rock is gearing up for the fiftiethanniversary of the desegregation of Central High School, thatnigh archetypal event which seemed to pitch the forces of progressagainst those of ignorance and Southern intransigence. Preciselybecause it is often viewed in such starkly Manichaean terms,the Central High crisis has become the focal point in yet anotherbattle for memory, with some former students—white students—disparagingthe attention paid to the Little Rock Nine, insisting that they,too, suffered during that tumultuous school year. Further, theonly statewide newspaper in Arkansas is headed up by a formerplayer in the crisis who routinely recasts Governor Orval Faubusas a     

试论毛皮贸易对北美印第安人的生态影响

毛皮边疆是北美西部开发中最具有传奇性的一种边疆,它不仅涉及范围广,持续时间长,而且创造了白人与印第安人交往的新形式,同时还给北美印第安人带来了深刻的影响。本文主要从环境史角度探讨了毛皮边疆导致的印第安人生存环境的恶化和生态伦理的堕落,驳斥了所谓印第安人从毛皮贸易中受益的谎言。     

皮毛：清代北美对华贸易的重要货品

北美皮毛对华商路的开拓者是英国人,美国随后介入。美、英皮毛输华量在1801年达到顶点;两相比较,早期,英国占有优势地位,略后,美国反超。中国人原先穿用皮种多为陆地动物,而北美输华的主要是海洋动物皮毛。在工业革命完成之前,一般的国际贸易多为资源性经营,但人类的过量捕杀势必造成珍贵动物资源濒于灭绝。这是18和19世纪之交的国际皮毛贸易由盛转衰留下的深刻教训。     

A 17th-century Kiln Site at Woolwich

Abstract

This report describes the results of the excavation of two adjacent kilns at Woolwich, one producing earthenware and one producing stoneware. Both date from the third quarter of the 17th century, though evidence suggests that the stoneware kiln is the earlier of the two. The report also includes a discussion of an earlier feature, a clay-lined pit, as well as several features associated with the three main features. The earthenware kiln had twin stoke holes and produced domestic pottery. The stoneware kiln had a single stoke hole and produced Bellarmine jugs with other stoneware vessels, and is the only stoneware kiln of this period yet discovered in Britain.¹     

试论北首岭仰韶文化的分期

宝鸡北首岭遗址的发掘及其报告的出版。在仰韶文化研究方面,大大丰富了文化内涵,增加了人们的认识,为研究关中地区的仰韶文化的面貌及其分期提供了重要资料。     

Adhesive Production and Pottery Function During the Iron Age at the Site of Grand Aunay (Sarthe,France)*

A combination of elemental, functional and molecular analyses performed on amorphous organic residues dating from the Iron Age was developed in order to identify these remains and to understand their relationship with ceramic vessels in which some of them were found. These analyses made it possible to distinguish between ceramic vessels used for the production or storage of adhesive materials, mainly birch bark tar, and those dedicated to the preparation of culinary commodities, which contained animal fats. The organization of the production of adhesives is described and the addition of beeswax to birch bark tar is reported for the first time. The use of birch bark tar for coating ceramic vessels is also discussed.     

奉节县刘家院坝遗址2002年发掘报告

重庆奉节刘家院坝遗址2002年共发掘1000平方米,共发现灰坑4个、土坑墓1座、砖室墓1座。出土各类完整和可复原遗物40余件。此次发掘获得的材料包括旧石器时代、东周时期、东汉时期、宋代及明清时期5个时期的遗存。本文详细介绍了此次发掘获得的材料,并进行了简要分析。     

金沙遗址玉器的材质来源探讨

成都金沙遗址是迄今为止我国发现玉器最多的遗址,通过对其中551件玉器材质鉴定的结果发现,最主要的材质类型为透闪石集合体构成的软玉。通过对软玉型玉器的宏观特征、显微特征、玉器和石器的矿物及岩石组合特征研究,以及与四川汶川龙溪玉、新疆和田玉特征的对比,并且采用ICPMS进行主要玉器类型和玉料的微量元素特征的研究,同时结合现代资料和古代史料,认为金沙出土的玉器主要的材质应该来自于汶川的龙溪玉,与新疆和田玉、良渚玉器没有关系,但同时也存在其他地区玉料甚至是玉器交流的可能。     

A 17th-Century Kiln Site at Potterspury,Northamptonshire

Abstract

This report describes the excavation in 1965 of two adjacent wood-fired pottery kilns producing decorated and undecorated coarse wares and glazed fine wares during the second half of the 17th century. One kiln was of single flue type; the other, larger kiln, was double flued. The post-medieval kilns at Potterspury in Northamptonshire are reasonably well documented and it seems fairly certain that the kilns at present under discussion belonged to Leonard Benton. Their working lives began slightly before 1646 and terminated shortly after 1664. The products of the kiln are very diverse and include a great variety of the lead glazed, slip decorated wares which bear remarkable similarities to the Metropolitan wares of the London area and to the late 17th-century slip wares of Yorkshire.     

Garu Kime: A Late Borno Fired-Brick Site at Monguno,NE Nigeria

Abstract  

This paper primarily presents analyses from geophysical data and archaeological remains collected at one of a few known sites to the west of Lake Chad associated with fired-brick structures. It reports on previous fieldwork at the location, considers its alleged relationship with the early history of the Borno kingdom and then turns to present new data that provide fresh insights into the physical appearance, dating, material remains, economy and environment of the site. A brief discussion of the historical purpose of the fired-brick structures and the site itself concludes the paper.     

湖北巴东旧县坪遗址考证

22001-2003年,为配合三峡工程,武汉大学考古与博物馆学系与武汉市文物考古研究所联合对湖北巴东旧县坪遗址进行了大规模的考古发掘工作,全面揭示了两宋巴东县治的整体面貌,本文以考古发掘的成果为依据,结合文献记载,考证了旧县坪遗址沿革、旧县坪遗址的兴废原因、以及与旧县坪遗址相关的归乡县、乐乡县、信陵郡等遗址所在地。指出六朝晚期的归乡县、信陵郡、乐乡县以及随后隋设的巴东县均在旧县坪。