疫情期潍坊市居民在线购物行为特征研究：与疫情前的对比

智慧城市技术的迅猛发展和全面渗透融入社会生活,变革了传统的人地关系,时间、空间和距离被高度压缩,重塑了居民购物活动及其空间指向。受新冠疫情爆发和居家隔离政策实施的影响,居民在线购物行为呈现出不确定性,其特征及影响因素值得深究。基于对潍坊居民的问卷调查,厘清疫情期居民在线购物行为特征及其与平时的差异,进一步使用结构方程模型诠释疫情期居民在线购物行为的影响因素。结果表明,疫情期居民在线购物频率、费用和时长均高于平时;城市中心区居民的在线购物频率、费用和时长高于郊区,揭示出“创新扩散假说”在疫情期仍然成立。疫情期居民在线购物认知和实体购物行为均对其在线购物行为具有显著的正向影响;高收入、高教育水平、在线购物年限更长、居住区位越佳的居民更倾向于在线购物。研究丰富了居民在线购物行为的学术讨论,能为城乡零售空间的规划提供参考。     

基于区位和商品类型的居民购物过程分解比较——以南京为例

网络购物影响下的购物行为变革一直是国外交通统计学和地理学领域研究的热点。已有的研究,几乎都将购物看作一个整体行为,很少从购物过程分解的角度对居民购物行为的改变进行分析。本文以南京为例,以分解购物过程为切入点,通过区分不同区位、不同商品类型来研究网络购物对居民购物行为的影响,得出3点主要结论：①居民倾向于只通过网络或实体店完成所有购物活动;②网络购物对实体店购买搜索型商品存在替代与补充的混合效应,对实体店购买体验型商品仅存在替代作用,且替代作用在城区比郊区显著;③网络购物会产生搜索、体验和退换货出行,且网购体验型商品产生的额外出行比搜索型商品多,在郊区产生的额外出行比城区多。     

北京市民郊区大型购物中心的利用特征——以北京金源时代购物中心为例

以北京市民消费行为问卷调查第一手资料为基础,以北京金源时代购物中心为案例,从来店顾客和社区居民的双重角度研究北京市民对郊区大型购物中心这一新型商业空间的利用特征,发现专业人员与公司白领、年轻女性和带小孩的中年夫妇是其主要消费人群,并且,私家车主导的购物出行方式,多样化、休闲化的购物目的,以及社会化的购物过程构成居民利用郊区购物中心的主要特征。郊区大型购物中心的出现显著改变了附近居民的消费空间选择,但对内城居民的影响十分微弱。     

深圳居民购物消费行为的时空间特征

本文以深圳居民消费行为问卷调查的第一手资料为基础,分不同类型商品总结出居民购物消费行为的频率特征、购物时段特征以及空间特征,提出了低等级商品购物的三圈层结构和高等级商品购物的扇形模式。本文还通过购物行为空间与居民属性的相关关系分析对居民购物消费空间予以解释。     

替代抑或补充:网上购物与传统购物出行的关系研究

有关网上购物与传统购物的关系问题是当前电子商务领域的研究热点之一,但研究结论还不尽一致。许多人认为网上购物将替代传统购物方式,但是也有其他的观点表明应是一种促进或者补充的关系,甚至有人觉得这种影响是很小的。本文通过对大学生购书行为的调查,采用统计方法分析了网上购物对传统购物出行的影响作用。结果表明:总体上,网上购物对消费者传统购物出行的影响并不显著,网上购物还只是作为消费者原有购物出行的一种补充方式,并不会对大多数消费者的传统出行频率和出行距离造成明显的影响。一方面,网上信息浏览和网上购物对传统日常购物出行的影响主要表现为消费者日常出行频率和距离的缩减以及多目的出行频率的上升。另一方面,网上行为可能使消费者非日常出行频率增加,单次出行距离增长。总之,网上购物与传统购物出行的关系并不是简单的替代或者补充,而是要复杂地多。     

开发区社区居民日常活动空间研究——以北京经济技术开发区为例

基于社区问卷调查数据,从行为主义视角对北京经济技术开发区社区居民的通勤、购物、就学、就医、休闲等日常活动空间开展实证研究,刻画开发区职住分离、购物行为的空间指向性,以及居民就学、就医和休闲行为的空间分配特征。继而,基于加入空间变量的消费者效用函数,结合转型期城市空间重构背景,重点从居民需求、市场供给和政府供给相互作用的角度对开发区社区居民日常活动空间特征进行解释,并概括出其形成的综合机制模式。研究发现,距离、业态偏好、对服务设施质量的要求,以及交通方式改善带来居民需求变动,与市场供给的空间分布、政府供给的相对短缺共同影响,塑造了社区居民的日常活动空间。     

个体行为视角下中小城市居民就医空间及社会分异研究——兼议与特大城市比较

基于日常医疗消费出行调查数据,剖析了中小城市居民日常就医出行空间社会特征,并与特大城市比较,结果表明：中小城市居民日常就医选择以市域最高等级综合医院为中心,形成"一超多强"多中心结构,出行空间呈"三带四圈层"的核心-外围形态。低收入群体近距离就医特征突出,出行空间小;高收入群体消费选择较为多元,出行时空范围广。中小城市居民日常就医首选私人诊所,出行距离是首要考虑因素,出行空间与收入水平呈正相关;特大城市居民日常就医首选区级医院,更重视医疗机构社会声誉,与中小城市存在显著差异。     

深圳居民购物行为空间决策因素分析

本文以深圳居民消费行为问卷调查的第一手资料为基础,通过构建购物行为空间决策的分析指标,包括购物决策因子偏好指数、认知度指数、购物因子评价指数等,从不同类型商品和不同商业中心地的购物空间决策角度,分析了深圳居民购物行为空间决策的主要因素及决策过程的主要特点。     

基于手机数据的西部城市居民出行特征研究——以西宁市为例

基于手机轨迹数据系统的定量分析了西宁市不同群体的出行特征差异,通过定义移动距离、回转半径、出行频次和停留位置个数来定量居民的出行特征,分析不同性别、年龄段、工作日和休息日西宁市居民的出行差异.研究发现:①不同年龄群体出行行为差异显著,其中31-40岁年龄段居民的出行需求最为强烈,大于60岁的老年人出行需求最小;②男性在...     

信息技术变革对我国城镇居民出行行为的影响研究——以社会信息化为中介变量

本文通过对社会信息化的中介效应分析,探讨了信息技术变革与居民出行行为变化的内在关系及影响路径。基于提出的研究假设模型,对天津市居民(663例)进行"信息技术变革与公众出行"行为学调查和实证分析。研究结果显示信息技术变革对居民出行行为变化具有显著的直接影响作用;信息素养和信息资源在信息技术变革与居民出行行为变化之间具有中介效应功能。     

郊区化背景下北京市民城市中心商业区的利用特征

通过微观层面上对北京市居民中心商业中心消费行为的调查,分析郊区化背景下城市中心商业区发展现状,通过市民对城市中心商业区利用特征及其所反映的中心商业区发展问题来认识城市商业空间的变化。虽然城市中心传统商业区仍然在北京市居民消费中保持着重要地位,但是其购物空间已经表现出逐渐向迅速发展的近郊商业区转移的趋势;同时,随着新业态的迅速发展和私家车的普及,中心商业区将面临越发严峻的挑战。     

Accounting for Temporal Demand Variations in Retail Location Models

This article develops and calibrates a spatial interaction model (SIM) incorporating additional temporal characteristics of consumer demand for the U.K. grocery market. SIMs have been routinely used by the retail sector for location modeling and revenue prediction and have a good record of success, especially in the supermarket/hypermarket sector. However, greater planning controls and a more competitive trading environment in recent years has forced retailers to look to new markets. This has meant a greater focus on the convenience market which creates new challenges for retail location models. In this article, we present a custom built SIM for the grocery market in West Yorkshire incorporating trading and consumer data provided by a major U.K. retailer. We show that this model works well for supermarkets and hypermarkets but poorly for convenience stores. We then build a series of new demand layers taking into account the spatial distributions of demand at the time of day that consumers are likely to use grocery stores. These new demand layers include workplace populations, university student populations and secondary school children. When these demand layers are added to the models, we see a very promising increase in the accuracy of the revenue forecasts.     

Spatial inequality and dynamics of foreign hypermarket retailers in China

The globalisation of retailing has intensified since the mid‐1990s with the rise of a group of international retailers. Foreign retailers have greatly impacted the Chinese retail market since the opening up of the retail sector in 1992. This study aims to examine spatial inequality and dynamics of foreign hypermarket retailers at different geographic scales in China. Although the relative gaps in foreign hypermarkets among Chinese regions are narrowing, the absolute gaps are widening. Logistic regression models are used to identify locational determinants of foreign retailers Carrefour, Wal‐Mart, and RT‐Mart at the intercity level. Carrefour prefers cities with larger urban district populations, longer time of being open to international retailers, and more foreign investment. While urban district populations are significant to Wal‐Mart and RT‐Mart as well, they favour cities where people have higher annual salaries and aim to achieve internal economies of scale at the provincial level. The three leading foreign retailers also have different first‐city and city size preferences in their provincial expansions.     

国外对零售业及其附生——衍生的营业性娱乐场所的空间关系研究

零售业及其附生-衍生的营业性娱乐场所是城市居民日常生活(闲暇娱乐)行为的四大场所之一,零售业中附生-衍生的娱乐场所的类型、结构与空间模式是揭示城市社会-生活空间质量的重要方面,本文从城市社会地理学以及人类文化生态学等多学科的研究角度,分析与总结国外学者对零售业及其附生-衍生的营业性娱乐场所的研究现状、内容以及其在城市中的空间作用与(社会)空间关系。     

FEMININITY, PLACE AND COMMODITIES: A RETAIL CASE STUDY

Recent accounts of the significance of consumption and commodities in the constitution of femininity have stressed the fluidity of consumption practices and the indeterminacy of their meaning for the oppression of women. The role of place in the construction of femininity has not been considered in these accounts, and as such uni-dimensional portraits of the consumption-femininity nexus have prevailed. In this article I offer an alternative place-based account of the construction of femininity through consumption, demonstrating the constitution of gendered relations of consumption in place. In so doing, some of the contradictions in the consumption-femininity nexus are highlighted. Using a case study of one facet of consumption - retailing - I demonstrate the importance of place and context in the construction of femininity through consumption, in three substantive ways. First, the selling of commodities by retail institutions entails the creation of place. Second, the construction of femininity - shopping as an important component of domestic labor and shopping as feminine, is part of this creation of place. Third, this environment and the process of shopping influence the meaning of commodities and associated constructions of femininity.     

A Micro-Econometric Store Choice Model Incorporating Multi- and Omni-Channel Shopping: The Case of Furniture Retailing in Germany

Online retailing and multi-/omni-channel shopping are gaining in importance. However, there is a significant lack of research focused on incorporating online shopping into models of spatial shopping behavior. The present study aims (1) to construct a store choice model which includes both physical and online stores as well as the opportunity for omni-channel shopping, and (2) to identify the main drivers of spatial shopping behavior given the availability of both channels. Based on a representative survey, this study employs a revealed-preference approach toward store choice and expenditures in furniture retailing. The statistical analysis is performed using a hurdle model approach, with the expenditures of individual consumers at (online or physical) furniture stores serving as the dependent variable. Results show that channel choice (online vs. offline) is mainly influenced by psychographic characteristics, place of residence, and age of the consumers. Store choice and expenditures are primarily explained by store features such as assortment size, omni-channel integration, and accessibility. This study demonstrates that e-shopping can be integrated into a store choice model and that both the modeling approach and the subsequent findings are of significance for retail companies and spatial planning.     

上海城市老年人日常购物活动空间研究

购物活动是老年人日常生活中主要的活动类型之一,对老年人日常购物空间的研究是理解老年人与其周围商业环境相互作用的关键,然而目前国内这方面研究才刚刚起步。本文以上海城市老年人日常活动问卷调查的第一手资料为基础,首先对数据进行汇总得出了上海城市老年人日常购物活动的发生频率、出行距离等总体特征。然后进一步细化,分别总结出各小区老年人的日常购物活动空间模式并进行对比分析,发现市中心老年人的日常购物活动空间比较紧凑,而郊区老年人的日常购物活动空间则相对分散。最后着重从上海市的商业空间及零售业态的变革、商业设施的可达性、老年人购物决策过程三个方面对这种差异性进行了解释。     

Consumption,exclusion and emotion: The social geographies of shopping

In recent years, a productive dialogue has developed between retail geographers and those social geographers concerned with the spatiality of consumption. This has resulted in a series of accounts of shopping that emphasize notions of consumer creativity. Nonetheless, this paper argues that many of these have struggled to reconcile the meaning of shopping with an understanding of the material parameters within which consumers operate. Recognizing that this tendency has distracted from the socio-spatial inequalities evident in retailing, the paper examines how shopping rituals are embedded in social relations that discourage particular shoppers from visiting certain retail locations. Drawing on extensive and intensive data derived in Coventry (UK), the paper questions the extent to which this geography of exclusion is the product of constraint, arguing that shopping is shaped by a more complex spatiality of inclusion and (self-) exclusion. Accordingly, the paper makes the case for a social geography of shopping that pays careful attention to the emotionally laden transactions played out in particular settings.