Memories of John Eccles

This article contains an account of the career of John Eccles that can be divided into two parts. The first extends from 1925, when he won a Rhodes scholarship to Magdalen College Oxford, to 1975, when he took voluntary retirement from the State University of New York at Buffalo. During this period, he set up six different laboratories in which he carried out research on synaptic mechanisms that provide the basis of neuroscience. The second period is the 20 years between his retirement and death in Switzerland, which he spent on the problem of the relationship between mind and brain.     

杜威的中国之行及其影响

五四运动前夕,美国实用主义哲学家和教育家杜威作为五四新知识界的嘉宾被隆重邀请到中国。在此后两年零两个月的时先里,杜威在中国各地巡回讲学,系统宣传了实用主义学说。由于该学说满足和适应了五四思想解放的时代需要,满足和适应了中国经济发展和教育改革的需要,理所当然成为广泛流行于思想化界和教育界的一股热潮,杜威也理所当然成为舆论界关注的焦点和受知识界比较一致欢迎的外国思想家和教育家。在实用主义热潮的推动下,相当一批学吸收了实用主义所包含的实证精神的营养,破旧创新,发展了中国现代实证主义哲学、中国现代史学等新型学术研究。同时通过对学制改革进程关键环节及新学制标准和内容的影响,杜威实用主义教育学说也成为新学制改革的灵魂。