A Former Little Monk Becomes a Star of Tibetan-Comic Performance

With silvery hair and a kindly countenance that clearly shows his 70-plus years, he frequently appears on the streets of Lhasa energeticallyriding a bike. He is well known with locals as a star comic and the famous Tibetan winner in the 4th Chinese Peony Awards, the highest award for comedy duo performance in China.     

论凌迟之刑的起源及在宋代的发展

五代以前的东晋已有类似凌迟的脔割存在,但仅偶尔为之,到五代时期才成为一种法外之刑。最先有凌迟之刑的是契丹,起源于其本民族的习惯法,且契丹最先使用凌迟作为死刑的名称。宋代凌迟之刑在宋太宗晚期开始使用,仁宗时开始以诏令的形式规定其适用范围,神宗时凌迟之刑的适用范围扩大,南宋相沿无改。凌迟之刑在宋代仅以敕令的形式存在,所以俗称法外之刑。但宋代大量使用凌迟是以奏断进行的,反映了凌迟之刑的适用范围仍在形成过程中。盗贼及兵变的频繁是凌迟之刑在宋代存在和发展的重要原因。宋代凌迟之刑的使用对元明清均产生了重要影响。     

Eisenhower and Kennedy: A Comparison of Confrontations at Little Rock and Ole Miss

The purpose of this study is to assess the ways in which President Dwight D. Eisenhower and John F. Kennedy reacted to the civil rights crises in Little Rock in 1957 and at Ole Miss in 1962. A side theme is to assess presidential learning by seeing whet Kennedy learned from the lessons taught by Eisenhower. Each president was reluctant to commit federal troops to enforcing civil rights, was concerned about the problems associated with federalism, and ended up feeling forced to commit troops nonetheless. The message is that despite the presidents' best intentions, troops ultimately had to be committed. Kennedy was unable to avoid the traps that Eisenhower had encountered, and the imposition of the national government on the enforcement of civil rights was firmly established.     

魏晋十六国墓葬中"绛釉小罐"初探

作为魏晋十六国墓葬中较为常见的一类釉陶作品,绛釉小罐代表了这一时期北方陶瓷手工业的生产状况。本文拟在前人研究成果的基础上,结合新近发表的考古材料,着重对这一特殊随葬品的用途及所反映的历史文化背景予以探讨。     

Long-Term Occupation and Seasonal Settlement of Eastern Eurasian Pastoralists at Begash,Kazakhstan

Abstract

Recent excavations of the prehistoric pastoralist settlement of Begash, located in the Semirech'ye region of eastern Kazakhstan, provide evidence of one of the earliest pastoralist settlements in the eastern Eurasian steppe region. The archaeological complex at Begash includes a multi-period cemetery and rock art in addition to the settlement—a site complex that is well distributed throughout the koksu River Valley. Excavations at Begash have revealed three major phases of architectural development and six phases of material transition and site use, dated by a series of 34 calibrated radiocarbon AMS dates. These data demonstrate that mobile pastoral populations were active in the Dzhungar Mountains and koksu River Valley (Semirech'ye) as early as 2460 CAL B.C., more than 800 years earlier than previous theories suggested. Pastoralist activity at this domestic locale spans nearly 4000 years, with no archaeological evidence for long-term abandonment of the site in prehistory. Rather the occupational phases of the site are only interrupted by short-lived periods of disuse followed by centuries of re-engagement by local pastoralist communities. Thus, the broadly continuous record of material culture, domesticated faunal remains, and settlement at Begash index a local evolution of herding economies in Semirech'ye throughout the Bronze Age, beginning in the middle part of the 3rd millennium B.C. Ultimately, the data from Begash contribute a new perspective on the dynamic nature of Eurasian mobile pastoralists while also illustrating broad continuity in the settlement ecology of local populations that had a key role in the regional transmission of numerous innovations throughout the Bronze Age and later.     

A Little Knowledge Is a Dangerous Thing: What We Know about the Role of the Media in State Politics

Abstract

This article explores the intellectual itinerary of the contemporary French political philosopher Pierre Manent. In particular, it highlights his efforts to do justice to the three great “poles” of human existence: philosophy, politics, and religion. Manent is shown to be a philosophically minded Christian, one who thinks politically and who rejects the temptation to “despise the temporal order.” Manent's reservations about the European project in its present form are shown to be rooted in a understanding of politics that emphasizes the need to weave together “communion” and “consent” if Europeans are to avoid administrative despotism and those postpolitical fantasies that prevent them from thinking and acting politically. The article ends with a reflection on Manent's impressive history of “political forms” in the Western world.     

福建亭江的“小美国人”：一个跨国寄养的新移民子女群体

本文的“小美国人”是指中国新移民在美国生育的、具有美国国籍并于出生后不久就被送回亭江寄养的婴幼儿。本研究以位于闽江口的福州市著名侨乡亭江镇为调查点,追溯小美国人在当地跨国寄养这一现象的产生,考察小美国人在当地的寄养现状,分析小美国人的跨国寄养对当地社会经济和文化教育等方面的影响。文章认为,这些跨国寄养的小美国人兼具了作为传统意义的亭江人和作为法律意义的外国人的双重身份,是一个特殊的群体。他们在侨乡的跨国寄养,是国际移民网络的组成和延伸。作者建议当地政府和相关部门重视这一群体的特殊性,制定相关政策,帮助这批特殊的小美国人在当地健康成长。从长远看,这将有利于这些小美国人回归美国长大成人后,成为促进中美友谊的民间桥梁。     

Both Too Much and Too Little: Sources of Federal Instability in Canada

Federalism is often praised for being able to accommodate diversity within the confines of a single state while preventing secession. Federalism, however, is fraught with tensions and instability. Federalism is typically adopted as a second-best alternative among actors whose first choice is either a more centralized state or a more decentralized state. These preferences persist over time. Instability in federation, then, comes from federal partners pushing in opposite directions at the same time. From this dynamic comes the much-examined propensity for secessionism to develop within federations. Largely unexamined in the literature on federalism, but equally problematic from the standpoint of stability, is the equal and opposite risk of consolidation (or centralization). This article examines sources of federal instability by exploring the origins and evolution of federalism. I use examples from Canada to demonstrate the extent to which my argument is applicable to real world federations. In conducting the exploration, we come to understand how federations can be both unstable and durable.     

布赞和利特尔《世界史中的国际体系》笔谈

历史学与其他人文社会科学的交叉和融合已经成为一种发展趋势 ,国内外相关学术著作不断出现 ,但其他学科通过对世界历史的重新诠释来重构本学科基础的大作却很难发现。牛津大学出版社 2 0 0 0年出版的巴里·布赞教授和理查德·利特尔教授的《世界史中的国际体系 :国际关系研究的再构建》就是这样一本著作。这本书的中译本 2 0 0 4年春由高等教育出版社出版。本刊特邀部分该书的译者和读者就该书的思想、理论和方法进行了讨论 ,以期吸收和借鉴国外学术界的最新成果。热忱欢迎专家、学者对该书及其相关论题发表见解。     

Prehistoric dietary adaptations among hunter-fisher-gatherers from the Little Sea of Lake Baikal,Siberia, Russian Federation

Dietary adaptations of prehistoric hunter-gatherers from Neolithic and Early Bronze Age cemeteries in the Little Sea region of Cis-Baikal (the region to the west and north of Lake Baikal) are explored using stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen. Stable isotope data, including stable carbon isotopes from bone carbonate, are presented for 22 individuals from the site of Kurma XI, dated to approximately 6500 B.P. to 4000 B.P. Data are compared to previously analyzed individuals from the larger Early Bronze Age cemetery, Khuzhir-Nuge XIV (Katzenberg et al., 2009 JAS) and to smaller sites located along the shore of the Little Sea, including sites on Olkhon Island. An extensive collection of fauna, both prehistoric and modern, from the Little Sea and neighboring regions is also analyzed for stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen. Clear distinctions are found in modern fish recovered from the Little Sea, in contrast to those from the open waters of the lake and from the neighboring Angara and Lena rivers. Considerable variation is seen in stable carbon isotope ratios from fish while stable nitrogen isotope ratios are not as variable, regardless of habitat. Isotope source modeling is used to assist in reconstructing past dietary adaptations. While there is ample evidence from other studies for cultural change over this temporal span, diet appears to have been relatively stable.     

‘The bullets buzzed like bees’: Gunshot wounds in skeletons from the Battle of the Little Bighorn

Gunshot trauma is an important, but often overlooked, avenue for interpreting the historic past. Ten skeletons of Seventh Cavalry troopers, killed during the Battle of the Little Bighorn in 1876, are analysed osteologically. Six of the ten specimens have gunshot wounds, including three to the cranial vault. The other wounds are to postcranial remains, including one in an innominate. This wound location aids the identification of the individual, confirming and complementing historic accounts. Of the remaining two, one is to the humerus and the other to the chest region. These wounds provide insights into the nature of perimortem injuries, weapons used in the battle, and interpretations of the battle.     

一部颇具新意的拓荒之作——评《当代中国政治思想史》

河南大学出版社新近出版的《当代中国政治思想史》一书 ,不论在学术价值、理论建树方面 ,还是在推动学科建设、为现实提供借鉴方面 ,都不失为一部创见迭出、极富新意的开拓性佳作。该书也有某些不足之处