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José M. Pastor Carlos Peraita Lorenzo Serrano Ángel Soler 《European Planning Studies》2018,26(8):1616-1637
This paper presents an estimation of the contribution of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) to economic growth and the Gross Domestic Product per capita of the European (EU) countries over the period 2000–2015. For this purpose, we analyse the universities’ effects on the supply side of their national economies, especially the contribution of the R&D of HEIs to technological capital of the European (EU) countries. We proposed a methodology of counterfactual scenarios, which assume a hypothetical situation in which HEIs do not exist, to estimating the effects of HEIs, applying techniques of growth accounting. The results obtained indicate that these effects are a significant source of growth in European (EU) countries, contributing to mitigating the adverse effects of the periods of crisis. The estimates show that GDP per capita would currently be more than 11% higher than that corresponding to a scenario without HEIs. The results obtained also show significate differences in GDP per capita between European (EU) countries associated with the activity of HEIs. 相似文献
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日本出国旅游需求与人均GDP关系实证研究——兼议对我国出境旅游发展的启示 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
首先,基于日本1964年~2008年出国旅游相关数据,得到日本出国旅游量的收入弹性,发现日本在人均GDP(按当年价格计算)达到2000~4000美元时,出国旅游呈现爆发性增长。其次,与我国的出境旅游进行对比研究,发现我国在现价人均GDP达到3000美元时,并未出现出境旅游爆发性增长的迹象。同时,研究发现,在北京和上海人均GDP达到3000美元以上时,出境旅游呈现爆发性增长,而广州人均GDP高达8000美元以上时,出境旅游才呈现爆发性增长。 相似文献
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We find that high‐speed railway connection in China has led to a reduction in GDP per capita for connected peripheral prefectures. We use the least‐cost path‐spanning tree network to address the nonrandom route placement issue. We find that the reduction of GDP per capita is driven by significant contractions in capital input, industrial output, and skilled labor outflow. We present evidence to support a trade‐based channel in light of falling transportation costs between peripheral and metropolitan regions. Our finding highlights the importance of the cost of human transport. 相似文献
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ADOLFO MAZA JOS VILLAVERDE 《Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie = Journal of economic and social geography = Revue de géographie économique et humaine = Zeitschrift für ?konomische und soziale Geographie = Revista de geografía económica y social》2009,100(3):316-331
This paper examines the role of space (geographical location) in provincial income convergence and income distribution in Spain. To do that, and after showing the presence of spatial dependence in our income data, the paper compares two sample series: actual versus filtered (spaceless) data. The comparison of these two series comes out to two important differences: first, the speed of convergence is higher and, second, the income distribution is more concentrated (less biased) around the national average with filtered data. Besides this, the paper also shows that geographical location particularly explains relative income improvement in provinces with per capita income slightly above average. These results confirm that, as for Spain, space does indeed matter. 相似文献
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关于新时期历史阶段划分的几点思考 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
随着历史的不断发展,新时期的历史逐渐成为史学研究的重点。如何对新时期做出科学的阶段划分,是研究这段历史的一个首要问题。理论界对新时期的概念、新时期的上下限、历史阶段的具体划分等问题存在着不同的认识,架构中国特色的历史分期理论体系,对中国史学乃至中共党史、中华人民共和国史理论的发展都是很有意义的。当然对新时期的历史做出阶段性的划分,只是研究工作的第一步。要把新时期波澜壮阔的历史进程生动展现出来,还要进行认真的、大量的理论和史料准备,进行艰苦的、深入的研究和论证,以推动研究的进一步深入。 相似文献
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贵州文史资料是一座珍贵而丰富的历史文化宝库,是为当地政治、经济、文化提供参考服务的又一地方文献类型。面对篇幅繁多、内容庞杂的大量文献,如何开发利用其中的史料价值,对文史资料进行数字化,建立多种检索渠道的数据库,是使文史资料得以长久保存和开发利用的最佳选择和最终归属。 相似文献
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《Eurasian Geography and Economics》2013,54(4):383-412
A noted American authority on urbanization and the household registration system in China reviews and clarifies factors leading to misunderstanding and misconceptions regarding the number of inhabitants of China's major cities. Principal sources of confusion linked to reliance on official statistical sources are the multi-layered meanings of the term "city" and, consequently, simultaneous publication and use of a multitude of official population statistics for the country's "cities." Other complicating factors analyzed by the author include the effects of the Chinese hukou (household registration) system and the rapid rate of urban growth and change over the last three decades. Systematic population and per capita GDP data for the years 2000 and 2005, all based on the multiple boundaries and systems for five major cities (Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen), are collected to illustrate both the countrywide situation and specific cases. Also included is a critique of several studies and popular accounts of Chinese cities to highlight misstatements and areas of misunderstanding based on inappropriate use of statistical data. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: O18, O53, P20, R12. 2 figures, 6 tables, 130 references. 相似文献
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《Asian Population Studies》2013,9(2):175-195
Temporary labour migration has rarely been studied at macro level despite its high prevalence in India. Drawing from the recently available Indian National Sample Survey (2007–08), this paper aims to study the basic differentials between temporary and permanent labour migration at the national level and examines the socioeconomic determinants of temporary labour migration at the state level. The study shows that temporary migration is seven times larger than permanent migration, and is largely a rural phenomenon dominated by rural to urban migration. A regional pattern in temporary labour migration is evident in the low-income Central and North Indian states. Low economic, educational and social status significantly induces temporary labour migration in contrast to permanent labour migration. As such, temporary labour migration appears to be a survival strategy of the rural poor in India. 相似文献
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山东省人均粮食变化的时空差异研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
人均粮食占有量是反映粮食供给水平的重要指标。本文分析了山东省人均粮食占有量变化的时空差异研究,并探讨了其与粮食增产的关系,对因地制宜调控人粮关系有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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David R. Smith 《Eurasian Geography and Economics》2013,54(1):21-33
As the amount of agricultural lands has increased over the years in Uzbekistan, problems associated with the impacts of irrigation water use have occurred. The most serious and widespread of the effects may be the secondary salinization of soils. Serious salinization problems along the lower courses of the Syr Dar'ya and Amu Dar'ya basins are a contrast to milder problems along their upper courses. This paper illustrates the extent of the soil salinization problem in Uzbekistan, identifies key problem areas, and demonstrates the need for an adequate response. 相似文献
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基于全国范围内(除京沪港澳台地区)女性农民工外出务工调查数据,提出女性农民工务工活跃度新概念,并将该概念分解为四个活跃度因子:务工距离、务工时间、务工地点数以及务工频数,用层次分析法得出各因子的权重并计算各省市区的活跃度。引入对应各省市区农民人均纯收入进行回归分析,与多项式模型拟合较好,活跃度随农民人均纯收入的减小而有增大的趋势。分别对四个活跃度因子的地理空间分布进行研究,运用聚类分析法进一步探究务工活跃度结合农民人均纯收入在地理空间上的分布特征,并在全国范围内划分出7个区域类型。最后以陕西省为例,用Logistic回归模型得出女性农民工的个人、家庭及其他因素对务工活跃度有较大影响。 相似文献
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从19世纪中叶到21世纪中叶,我们的民族从沉沦到复兴,整整经过200年时间,可以分为六个历史阶段。从这些历史阶段中,可以清楚地读出若干最基本但也是最重要的历史结论:因为各种和平发展的道路全都被堵塞了,才选择了革命的道路;因为各种走资本主义道路的试验都失败了,才最终选择了社会主义;因为各种政治力量都不能领导中国实现民族复兴,只有中国共产党做到了这一点,所以才有"没有共产党就没有新中国"的科学真理;爱国主义和民族精神是实现民族复兴的巨大精神力量;坚持马克思主义中国化的旗帜,坚持中国特色社会主义的道路,坚持中国特色社会主义理论体系,不动摇,不懈怠,不折腾,是实现中华民族伟大复兴的最根本的政治保证。 相似文献
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我国经济行业分类对编制旅游卫星账户(TSA)的影响研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
旅游卫星账户(TSA)的特点是,以遵守SNA93的基本概念与核算原则为前提,采用与主体账户完全相同的生产范围和产品分类,从需求和供给两方面全面准确计量旅游活动对整体经济的影响。因此,国家经济行业分类制约着编制TSA的详细程度,从而影响TSA计量结果的准确性。本研究通过对我国TSA实践过程中出现的问题及原因进行分析,对我国原有的和新版的经济行业分类体系进行比较,提出上述观点,旨在于促进我国经济活动分类的不断细化,为构建TSA奠定良好基础。 相似文献
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Marc Andre Matten 《Frontiers of History in China》2011,6(1):74-94
National heroes are important in the development of nationalist thinking. One important figure in this context is General Yue Fei (1103–42), who unsuccessfully fought the invading Jurchen in the twelfth century. Shortly after his execution, a temple was built in his honour in Hangzhou. Local chronicles show that this temple was constantly renovated in later dynasties. Due to his continuous worship as a loyal warrior—even during the Qing dynasty—his temple became a powerful site of identity. His veneration as a national hero in the course of the twentieth century has, however, posed a problem to a post-1911 China that felt compelled to sustain a multi-ethnic nation-state, whilst at the same time facing the difficulty of not being able to do without General Yue Fei. This article shall make it apparent that his resurrection as a national hero in the twentieth century was possible because of certain narrative strategies that had already been propagated by the Manchurian rulers of the eighteenth century. 相似文献
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实现中华民族的伟大复兴,是每一个炎黄子孙的夙愿,也是中华人民共和国的发展目标。历史来看,实现中华民族伟大复兴的根本在于有一个能承担历史使命的政党,关键在于创新,途径在于走中国特色社会主义道路,基础在于最广泛最充分地调动一切积极因素。中华民族的复兴,决不是提倡狭隘的民族主义,而是从中华民族的历史实际出发,从我们现在处于发展中国家、落后于世界先进发达国家的现状出发,追求自身的经济发展和社会进步。 相似文献
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20世纪中国社会发生变动,受到西方学术思潮的影响,中国史学进入到近代化时期.西方学术话语处在强势地位,在这样的大背景下,近代史学理论、思想的争论,基本是按照西方的史学理论的热点而展开,也随着西方史学理论的热点的变动而变动.这对扩大研究视野、深化相关的史学认识有一定的意义,但另一面是,民族史学的重要思想失去应有的地位.传统民族史学思想、理论具有重要的价值,是西方史学理论不能完全替代的;民族史学话语权的失落,对于中国史学发展是不利的.进入到21世纪,史学理论发展不能忽视中国民族史学思想的研究".认真总结民族史学思想遗产,对于当代史学具有重大的意义,是振兴民族史学的重要工作,也是民族史学走向世界的基本要求. 相似文献
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DONA J. STEWART 《Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie = Journal of economic and social geography = Revue de géographie économique et humaine = Zeitschrift für ?konomische und soziale Geographie = Revista de geografía económica y social》1997,88(3):251-261
The colonial experience drastically altered the indigenous urban system in Africa, replacing it with a European-driven urban system designed to facilitate the extraction of resources. The urban system, and the nature of ties with the colonial power, allowed African integration into the world economy only in a dependent fashion. These dependent ties were deepened as the world economy became more globalized in the post-colonial period. The continent rapidly urbanized, with much of the population concentrating in primate cities. This urbanization was not accompanied by economic growth, as a result Africa will soon become a continent of large cities - with urban populations they cannot physically and economically support. Africa's relationship with die world economy is unlikely to improve, deeply in debt and unattractive to investors, the 1990s will see the continent largely excluded from the world economy except in its colonial role as primary products supplier. 相似文献