IMPLAN's Induced Effects Identified Through Multiplier Decomposition

An analysis of regional multipliers is developed to reveal a structural flaw in how IMPLAN computes induced effects. This analysis reveals a fixed ratio across sectors between total and Type I employment multipliers, and that IMPLAN's "Type III" income multipliers are inversely related to the average wages in the direct and indirect sectors, and that "Type III" output multipliers are not affected by wages. A multiplier decomposition is developed that separates direct and indirect effects from the induced and further separates the induced impact into relative wage and regional income retention effects. The decomposition is useful in making comparisons among impact models.     

科学技术与抗日根据地的经济建设——以陕甘宁边区为中心

抗战时期,中国共产党和陕甘宁边区政府制定了提倡自然科学、奖励自由研究、尊重科技人才和提高科技人员生活待遇等一系列政策,吸引了一批科技人才在根据地进行科学研究.在中共和边区政府支持下,各科研机构不仅对边区农林、矿产、地质等进行了全面调查,为开发边区资源提供了科学依据,而且密切结合边区经济建设的实际需要进行科学研究和技术创新.由于各种新技术在工农业生产中的应用,促进了边区经济比较快的增长,使边区由抗战前一个主要依靠输入的地区逐渐变成一个可以自给自足的地区.基本实现了边区政府提出的部分工农业产品自给的目标.边区科学技术与工农业经济的发展,不仅使根据地从被封锁的困境中摆脱出来,而且可以视为中共实现中国工业化一次比较成功的尝试.     

Lagrange Multiplier Test Diagnostics for Spatial Dependence and Spatial Heterogeneity

Several diagnostics for the assessment of model misspecification due to spatial dependence and spatial heterogeneity are developed as an application of the Lagrange Multiplier principle. The starting point is a general model which incorporates spatially lagged dependent variables, spatial residual autocorrelation and heteroskedasticity. Particular attention is given to tests for spatial residual autocorrelation in the presence of spatially lagged dependent variables and in the presence of heteroskedasticity. The tests are formally derived and illustrated in a number of simple empirical examples.     

论抗日根据地兵器工业的建立与兵工企业之运作

抗日战争初期,八路军、新四军及各地人民抗日武装先后办起40多家修械所和炸弹厂,修理军械,制造兵器,为根据地兵器工业的建立奠定了基础.随着战局的推展,根据地兵器工业逐步发展,呈现出诸多鲜明特征.抗日根据地实行军区、军分区和县武装部三结合的兵工生产体制,通过颁布有关军事后勤工作的条例和兵工生产的训令、规章等,建立相应的职能部门,实行严格的管理制度,规范军工生产,从而保障了兵工企业的有序运作.     

The Problem of Creating a Kazakhstan Metallurgical Base

The author favors early development of the high-phosphorus oolitic iron ores of the Lisakovka deposit in Kustanay Oblast, selecting the area of Irtyshshkoye at the intersection of the Irtysh River and the Middle Siberian Railroad as the best site for an iron and steel plant. A Lisakovka-based steel plant would yield basic slag for fertilizer in the surrounding virgin lands farm territory.     

豫皖苏根据地早期抗币斌考

2005年,笔者在鉴定中国国家博物馆藏抗日战争时期货币时,意外发现20世纪50年代初期,拨自南京图书馆、南京市人民委员会的两枚1940年萧县发行,面值为伍角的“地方流通券”与“地方兑换券”和4枚1941年1月宿县二区发行的贰角伍分、伍角和壹元(2枚)“地方兑换券”。然而,令人费解的是,在文物卡片排列中,仅将萧县发行的伍角地方流通券归入抗日根据地货币类。但据史料记载,当时萧县、宿县均为豫皖苏根据地所属地区。抗日战争时期淮北抗日根据地豫皖苏边区的发展分前、后两个时期,即1938年底,创建豫皖苏根据地至1941年5月新四军第四师撤向津浦路东…     

The Booming Russo-Japanese Economic Relations

A noted Japanese economist analyzes the history, present status, and future prospects for Russo-Japanese economic relations. The author demonstrates that the boom in trade between the two countries in the 2000s is unprecedented, ending the stagnation in bilateral trade that began in the early 1980s, when the era of large-scale Siberian resource development projects came to an end. He argues that underlying the current boom is an eastward shift in the Russian economy, characterized by its energy and investment policies as well as foreign economic relations. The paper considers in detail two important factors supporting this boom: (1) Japan’s exports of automobiles to Russia; and (2) Russia’s exports of oil and gas to Japan. He concludes with a guardedly optimistic prognosis suggesting growth in the bilateral economic relations on the grounds of the continuing eastward shift of the Russian economy and a marked correspondence between the demand and supply of the two countries. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: F140, O520, P280, Q430. 7 figures, 4 tables, 50 references.     

有机质地文物保护中的去湿问题

本文通过对高湿环境给有机质地文物带来的危害和当前大多数博物馆文物库房使用去湿机现状的分析,论述了湿度突变会对有机质地文物产生严重的负面影响,指出要使去湿机获得满意的除湿效果,必须同时具备实现去湿机自动控制和库房24小时供电两个条件。为文物保存柜、陈列柜的小环境除湿,则选用某些固体或液体吸湿材料。     

读《中国革命中的太行抗日根据地社会变迁》--基于该书中译本的评说

从1960年代以来,英语世界涉及中共抗日根据地史、农民运动史的研究,每十年左右便会产生一部阶段性的代表作。①2000年,澳大利亚的大卫·古德曼(David S.G.Goodman)教授出版了他的新著Social and Political Change in Revolutionary China:TheTaihang Base Areain the war of Re     

荷马时代巴赛列斯的权力基础

荷马时代巴赛列斯政治权力的基础,因为缺少强大的官僚体系,也没有氏族血缘关系作为依靠,所以首要的在于亲属势力的强弱,朋友和随从数量的多寡,但个人能力,主要是在战场上作为军事统帅、人民大会上作为发言人、聚集追随、聚敛财富的能力更为重要,制度化安捧的因素相对次要。它们表明,荷马时代巴赛列斯的权力还处在早期王权阶段。