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以免征农业税为主体的农村税费改革对减轻农民负担意义重大。但是,农村基层各级政府的税外收费、农业生产活动中的间接税收负担、城乡间的各种价格"剪刀差"的存在,农民负担问题并没有完全解决。可行的解决办法是,精简机构,抑制农村基层政府机构过滥的税外收费;建立健全有效的农民负担监督机制;对农村地区适当提供公共产品,将农民负担的间接税"还给"农民;理顺价格体制,克服各类"剪刀差"给农民带来的负担。 相似文献
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日伪统治前期,由于受战乱、世界经济危机、自然灾害和日本殖民主义掠夺政策及对农业生产力的征发与破坏等影响,农业出现全面危机.主要表现为耕地面积、总产量和单位面积产量减少,农产品价格惨跌,单位面积农产物产值收入减少,农民实际收入下降,工农业产品价格剪刀差继续扩大.在农业危机中,受害最深的自然是农民.日本为垄断农产品市场,先是禁止出口,施贱谷毒计,继而低价勒收,行买空卖空之计.在这场农业危机中,农民惨遭浩劫,生活陷于绝境,社会贫困达到极点,预示着日伪的殖民统治必然走向覆灭. 相似文献
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河南农业出路在哪里?尹纪燕农业的兴衰,直接制约着国民经济的发展。随着市场经济的确立,农业中的投入不足、工农业产品剪刀差扩大、农民负担加重、农业资金外流、耕地逐年减少等问题,已经严重地摆到了人们的面前。河南省的各级领导,特别是一些产粮大县领导,多被当前... 相似文献
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基于spss统计软件,分别计算不同收入游客方差及均值,并作相应比较。结果表明,不同收入游客旅游体验差异较大的是门票价格、住宿方便程度、服务态度、基础设施、景区容量及旅游信息服务等,对其满意度影响较大的是门票价格、住宿价格、餐饮价格、城市风貌、餐饮特色及商品价格。 相似文献
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建筑工程预算是根据建筑施工图、施工方案和工程量计算规则等计算出工程量,然后套用现行建筑工程消耗量定额或单位工程估价表,并根据地区批准的材料预算价格、工程建设费用等编制的用于确定建筑工程造价的经济文件.文章对加强建筑工程预算管理和合理确定并有效控制工程造价进行了深入探讨. 相似文献
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はじめに 日本语の研究が盛んになつてくるに连れて、日本语の勉强も教授法も、文法と文型重视かろ言语的コミュニケ一ション重视へと变わりつつぁる. 相似文献
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Paul Forman 《History & Technology》2013,29(1-2):1-152
The abrupt reversal of culturally ascribed primacy in the science–technology relationship—namely, from the primacy of science relative to technology prior to circa 1980, to the primacy of technology relative to science since about that date—is proposed as a demarcator of postmodernity from modernity: modernity is when ‘science’ could, and often did, denote technology too; postmodernity is when science is subsumed under technology. In support of that demarcation criterion, I evidence the breadth and strength of modernity’s presupposition of the primacy of science to and for technology by showing its preposterous hold upon social theorists—Marx, Veblen, Dewey—whose principles logically required the reverse, viz. the primacy of practice; upon 19th and 20th century engineers and industrialists, social actors whose practical interests likewise required the reverse; and upon the principal theorizers in the 1970s of the role of science in late 20th century technology and society. The reversal in primacy between science and technology ca 1980 came too unexpectedly, too quickly, and, above all, too unreflectively to have resulted from the weight of evidence or the force of logic. Rather, it was a concomitant of the onset of postmodernity. Oddly, historians of technology have remained almost wholly unacknowledging of postmodernity’s epochal elevation of the cultural standing of the subject of their studies, and, specifically, have ignored technology’s elevation relative to science. This I attribute to the ideological character of that discipline, and, specifically, to its strategy of ignoration of science. 相似文献
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单丽 《中国历史地理论丛》2011,26(4)
在晚清行将告罄的1902年,霍乱作为一个历史进程的指标,敏感地反映了开埠通商前后中国北方社会环境的剧烈变化:疫区的盈缩反映出区域商贸交往体系的成型及港口的兴衰;城乡传播模式的沿海环绕及内陆、沿海轻重疫区的清晰分层则暗示出其时区域人口交往密度的沿海大倾斜。而现代交通工具的介入,则从速度上悄然影响着霍乱的传播区域。 相似文献
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本文对上图藏敦煌写卷《黄仕强传》中的十五个俗字进行了考辨,认为上图本俗字的使用明显多于浙藏本,其抄写时间当早于浙本。通过对“守文案鬼”一词在不同本子中的使用情况的分析,认为上图本当抄写于明皇之前,浙本等当抄写于明皇时期或明皇之后。 相似文献
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Madeline Zhaoyan Chen 《Children's Geographies》2015,13(5):537-555
This study aims to uncover the geographies of places informing teenagers' understanding of cosmopolitanism and citizenship. Children and young people (CYP) in Singapore are becoming more internationally mobile and growing up in highly globalised Singapore. There are three overall arguments in this paper. First, the local is the actual place to situate studies on cosmopolitanism and that cosmopolitanism should be considered as a dimension of deterritorialised citizenship amongst CYP growing up in highly globalised nation-states. There are ‘roots and routes’ approaches to citizenship and my second argument is that the ‘routes approach’ to citizenship has ingrained cosmopolitan experiences into young people's life-worlds and is arguably the stronger approach of the two for young Singaporeans. Finally, this study demonstrates that the experiences of CYP in geographies of education [Holloway, S. L., P. Hubbard, H. Jöns, H. Pimlott-Wilson. 2010. “Geographies of Education and the Significance of Children, Youth and Families.” Progress in Human Geography 34 (5)] are credible yet neglected life-worlds that can help reconstitute frameworks for understanding cosmopolitanism and citizenship [Harvey, D. 2000. “Cosmopolitanism and the Banality of Geographical Evils.” Public Culture 12 (2)]. 相似文献
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本文通过对宋代瓷器铭文中有关佛教内容的分析,结合佛教在中国流传的历史过程,阐述宋代佛教的世俗化倾向。尽管目前所知的与佛教有关的宋代瓷器铭文资料十分有限,难以全面解答佛教在中国的世俗化问题,但铭文中的内容却无可非议地昭示着佛教进入普通平民的生活后,那种大众化、实用化、民俗化的特征。 相似文献
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本文从20世纪前后两个时间段来探讨历代文人学者对《左传》行人辞令研究概况,分析前人时贤研究《左传》行人辞令的重点,以期为今后相关研究提供借鉴。 相似文献