西安北郊明珠花园秦墓发掘简报

Tombs of Qin Dynasty unearthed from Minzhu Garden is a new discovery since the excavation Banpo Qin Tombs of Warring States period in Xi‘an.As a small cemetry, Which have concentrated graves with different, different shapes and special burial cutoms It especially deserves to be mentioned that the excuvation of 19 disordered Qin tombs give us a lot of new problems tobe praise worthy, Sachas, Who are the ownners of these tombs, What‘s the cause of the death and soon. In short, the excavation of the Qin tombs in Mingzhu Garden puts up with important data to the research of Qin tombs in Guanzhong district.     

论陵阳河大汶口文化墓葬所反映的社会分层——从文化人类学和民族学角度说起

Lingyanghe graveyard of Dawenkou Culture can be divided into five regions. The large-scale tombs unearthed some special burial objects such as wine vessels,jawbones of pigs, pottery mortar, stone tomahawk, bone-carved canister, which represent the power of economy, sacrificing and military command. It indicates that the owners of the tombs should be social leaders before their death. Analyzed from the burial order,the social leaders came from five families. According to cultural anthropologic and ethnologic materials, the author believes that leaders gained their positions through competition. So this graveyard still belonged to a rank society, but bearing some characteristics of class society.     

浙江出土的金银器

The gold was put into use as early as Shang dynasty. From the late Tang dynasty on, the private gold and silver workshop came into being in accord with the improvement of excavation and workmanship systems, which stimulates greatly the gold and silver production in the southern China. Most of the gold and silver wares unearthed in Zhe Jiang are from Late Tang to Ming dynasty. Its categories and shapes are closely fit in with the needs of daily life.     

咸阳西魏谢婆仁墓清理简报

The tomb of Xie Poren is licated in the yard of the Post and Telegram School of Shaanxi Province in Xianyang City. This is an earthy catacomb tomb with single-chamber and a long sloping passage. The chamber door is sealed up with mud bricks. There is only one human skeleton in the middle of the chamber. Although being stolen seriously, the brick epitaph and “Wu Zhu“ Coin of Datong period are well-preserved. The excavation supplies new and important information to the reasearch of the Western Wei tombs.     

COLORFUL PAINTINGS FOUND IN TUBO TOMBS

In August 2002 the Qinghai Provincial Archaeological Research Institute received a report stating that ancient tombs in Golimo Town of Delingha City had been robbed. People were then sent to clean and dig out the two tombs, and found many artifacts.Located 30 km from Delingha City, the tombs were covered with 1.5-     

云南江川县李家山墓地出土金属器的分析和研究

Using metallorgraphic structure analysis and SEM-EDX,this paper examines 55 sam-ples taken from metal artifaets unearthed at the Lijiashan burials in Jiangchuan county,YunnanProvince.The results reveal that different materials,including gold,silver,copper,tin-bronze,lead-bronze,and iron,were used to produce these artifacts during a time span from mid-Warring Statesperiod to the Western Han dynasty.Metallorgraphic analyses indicate that the bronzes were made ofcasting metal and that some were subsequentl...     

金光耀眼出污泥——南京博物院藏金兽等文物之来历

In 1982, 38 gold pieces were unearthed from Nanyao Village, Xuyi, Jiangsu Province, including the gold leopard of Warring States Period, the Bronze pot inlaid with gold and silver, and gold currency. This article tells the story about the excavation and the storage of these precious pieces.     

唐苏同家族墓出土陶质彩绘天王俑胎体的科学分析

In April 2021, several exquisitely decorated figurines of Heavenly Kings were unearthed from the Tang Dynasty tombs of Su Tong's family in Xianyang, Shanxi Province. However, for each figurine, the outer side was unevenly red and black, and the center and interior of the body black, and the mechanical properties extremely poor (disintegrated by water). To scientifically restore and conserve the polychrome pottery figurines of Heavenly Kings, we carried out scientific analyses of their materials and their firing process. The composition, structure, firing temperature and mechanical properties of the figurine remnants were determined and analyzed using an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, an X-ray diffractometer, a simultaneous thermal analyzer, a thermal dilatometer, an X - ray photoelectron spectrometer, a universal testing machine and a hardness tester. The experimental results show that 1) the figurines were made of fusible clay containing quartz, albite, calcite, muscovite, clinochlore and other minerals; 2) the figurines were sintered between 300 ~400 °C in an oxidizing atmosphere, the internal sintering degree being lower than that of the external surface and the uneven atmosphere leading to the differences in color among various parts of a figurine ； 3 ) the mechanical strength of the figurines was low, with a flexural strength of about 2 MPa and a hardness of 54 〜71 HD. The study provides a scientific basis for the effective conservation and reasonable preservation of the polychrome pottery figurines of Heavenly Kings and of other similar kinds of cultural relics. © 2023, Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology. All Rights Reserved.     

浙江地区西汉墓葬的分期

The author researched by stages into Western Han Dynasty‘s tomb in Zhejiang Prefecture in this article depending on relative archaeological data. And through comprehensive analysis, the author discovered that the Ding(an ancient cooking vessel with two loop handles and three or four legs) and box at main glazed pottery from being buried with their master had relatively special position; the models of storehouse and the cooking stove that were very popular in central plains of China were discovered much fewer in Zhejiang prefecture; the formation and regulation of Western Han Dynasty tomb tombs in Zhejinang prefecture are very different as compared with central plains of China and they have rich local character.     

Abstracts

Exile of Litterateurs and Literary Creations： New Literary Orientation from the Years 1067 to 1162
Shen Songqin （ p. 1 ）
During the hundred years between the reigns of Shenzong and Gaozong of the Song Dynasty, thousands of litterateurs were put in exile. These exiled litterateurs were the major players in the literary creations in the Song period In the times of exile or imprisonment, they were fraught with desperation and sorrow of life. In the face of the life blow, they strove to practice the teaching of inward sagehood of Confucianism and cultivated their mind and nature. In this way, they were able to remove the burden of sorrow and came to terms with themselves. Thus, they experienced the＇ spiritual progress from sorrow, transcendence to yearning for home. The spiritual progress dictated that the exiled group proceeded from the ＂outward＂ to the ＂inward＂in literary creations. This turn to the sentimental poetry was a thorough one. The desperation and sorrow of life were transformed into the songs of ease and leisure. Thus,     

河南荥阳官庄遗址陶范物源及制作工艺分析

Guanzhuang site is located in the west of Guanzhuang Village, Gaocun Township, Xingyang City, Henan Province. From the site, more than 3 000 pottery moulds have been unearthed, with various types, including the moulds for containers, tools, chariots, weapons, money and core, etc. According to the types and decorations of pottery moulds and the characteristics of co - existing pottery, the pottery moulds of Guanzhuang site can be divided into two periods—Phase I dating from the late Western Zhou Dynasty to the early Spring and Autumn Period, and phase TJ considered between the early and middle Spring and Autumn Period. The change of bronze ware styles from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period was important in the development of ancient Chinese bronze wares. Due to the lack of archaeological data, research on pottery moulds during the two - week period was still insufficient; discussion of the important issue of standardizing the sources of raw materials was also relatively weak. Environmental archaeology has relatively mature methods and practices in depositional dynamics, depositional processes and provenance tracing, which could provide new ideas for further in - depth discussions on this issue. In order to understand the material sources and craftsmanship of pottery moulds unearthed from Guanzhuang site in Xingyang, Henan Province, samples of Guanzhuang pottery moulds and natural sedimentary strata were studied using particle size analysis, XRF and petrographic analysis to give the following results. 1) The raw materials for mould - making were taken from the late Pleistocene Malan loess layer under the cultural layer of the site. The Malan loess underwent simple manual elutriation before being used to make pottery moulds. 2) A small amount of plant ash and calcium nodule powder was added during the production process of pottery moulds as an admixture to increase the high - temperature resistance. 3) The inner side of pottery mould for container was mainly made of Malan loess, while the outer one was made of a mixture of Malan loess and river sand with a blending ratio of about 7:5. Pottery moulds for various ware types had different processing techniques (e.g., moulds for containers were more refined). Besides, compared with early pottery moulds, later ones are relatively rougher, but the difference is not obvious. 4) The petrographic characteristics of double - layer container moulds indicate that there are different production processes for the inner and outer sides of mould. The inner side was made of Malan loess with finer particles—below 100 μm—as the raw material after elutriation, and there were traces of directional trimming. The outer one was made of a mixture of two parts of minerals (coarse and fine), and there was no obvious processing trace. Analysis of sample particle size is a new attempt to discuss the material sources of pottery moulds. The related discussion of mud - clarifying ponds is also helpful to understand the function of such relics and the formation process of accumulation in them. This study has important reference significance for exploring the material and craft characteristics of pottery moulds before and after the early Spring and Autumn Period in the Central Plains. © 2023, Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology. All Rights Reserved.     

SEQUENCE OF INTERNAL EVENTS DURING THE FOUNDATION PERIOD OF THE HITTITE KINGDOM

The events we will be dwelling upon and which are known from the cuneiform sources unearthed at Bogazkoey date directly to the time of Hattusili I or later, and provide information about the foundation period of the Hittite kingdom which took place in the cities that were closely linked to or directly occurring in the capital city, Hattusa, or elsewhere. It is not possible to put campaigns, conquests and the events in exact chronological order within the foundation period of the Hittite kingdom. However, it can be said that while the early part of the reign of Hattusili I was mostly a period when the borders were expanded by military campaigns and conquests, the later part of this king‘s reign was most probably when internal turmoil arose.     

The Mountain Summit Auspicious Clouds and Dreams—Recapping the Moment of the Olympic Torch Relay Leg at the Mt.Qomolangma

The Beijing leg of the 2008 Olympic torch relay be-gan in spring.Along with the citizens in other cities,we were longing for a distinctive and stun-ning torch relay in terms of the route and the many colorful cer-emonial activities. The unprecedented plan to ex-tend the torch relay to Mt. Qomolangma will surely attract at-tention from all over the world.It     

THE MYSTERY OF Leshan Tombs

Leshan is the name of a peak in Nang County, Tibet. At its foot is Lecun Village, home to some 20 households.In the summer of 1993, a group of Beijing and Lhasa archaeologists reached Lecun, which is surrounded by up to 100 tombs. These have been largely ignored for more than 1,000 years. The archaeologists worked on the site for about one month. The tombs spread along a mountain slope. To the south is the Jindongqu River that flows from east to west, emptying into the Yarlung Zangbo Riv…     

New Books

正The Culture Elements of Central Plains Existing in the Tibetan Ancient Civilization As the leader of this project,Shi Shuo worked together with Zou Libo,Huang Bo,and others for several years to write this book after their overall investigation and study.The first part is based on those cultural relics unearthed in their archeological investigations in Tibet to verify the elements of the     

徐州发现西汉早期银缕玉衣

The silver threaded jade suit unearthed in the tomb of lig He,liu li shan site xu zhou in 1996,is the only comptete set nuearthed so far in china the excavation of this suit plays an impertant role in the study of the usage of jade suit,buriat system,social and cultur of siuation of that time,the shape of early jade suit and technigue.     

西安南郊皇明宗室汧阳端懿王朱公镨墓清理简报

This tomb,consisting of a vertical passage and a main room made of brick,excavated by Xi‘an Municipal Institute of Relics Preservation and Archaeology in August, 1998. According to the epitaph,the occupant was Zhuzeng(朱zheng),a member of imperial family,titled Qianyang Duanyi King(汧阳端懿王). There were 111 materials such as pottery ceremonial figurines with bright color,vivid expression and various action;fine models of house and furniture with well--preserved color,sacrificial utensils;porcelains ;bronze coins ;wooden stamp and stone epitaph etc. excavated out . This excavation provided detail data for us to study the tomb formation,burial custom,style of construction,art of clay sculpture,characteristics of furniture,ceremonial system and cloth fashion etc. of Ming dynasty.     

On the Second Booming Period in Chinese Translation History

From the late Ming Dynasty to the early Qing Dynasty,it came to the second booming period for the translation.During this period,the translations were mainly concerned with the western science and technology.And the strategies adopted by both the Jesuits and Chinese scholar-bureaucrat translators were different from those of the Buddhist sutra translations.The paper discusses the strategies in the translation of western science and technology and significance of translating activities during this period.     

潜江市龙湾遗址群放鹰台第3号台试掘简报

No. 3 platform of Longwan Crowd Ruins at Fangyingtai is one component of Longwan palace crowd ruins of the East Zhou Dynasity. Spring in 1999, Qianjang municipal museum had a trial excavation on it within 100 square metres, and gained something important, we Discovered a yellow soil foundation, some fire soil holes, tiles, Sansui of the East Zhou Dynasty, and two hollows, one square well ruin of the west zhou dynasty, and unearthed a great deal of remains of the East and West Zhou Dynasty .such as li yu jar kettle dou basin urn water-jar copper ben and so on , including living utensils and productive tools. These unearthed remnants and remains have progressive role on discussion of the Longwan palace crowd ruins of the East Zhou Dynasty and the Chu civilization.