我国人文地理学研究生课程教学改革初探——基于与美国研究生课程的比较和感知

扩招之后的我国研究生教育质量受到质疑。这种质量下降的起因可能是多方面的,但课程教学不规范则是很重要的一个方面。本文对我国人文地理学研究生课程教学进行了个人思考,以期认清可能存在的相关问题,并参照被世界各地当作楷模的美国研究生课程教学的长处,提出了作者的研究生课程教学改革建议:编制详细的课程教学大纲、以讨论课为主、引导学生读书、拓宽视野和知识基础。在此基础上,有望建立以学生为中心的研究生教学模式,进而缩小与欧美发达国家研究生教育的差距,并为知识经济发展提供必需的高素质人才。     

韩国经济地理学研究现状和趋势

至今在我国国内,有关评介韩国地理学研究状况的文章甚少。虽然韩国地理学研究历史较短,但有些领域的研究已走到了我们的前面。本文将系统地介绍韩国农业地理学、工业地理学、商业流通地理学、交通地理学的研究状况,并指出目前在经济地理学研究中所存在的一些问题和今后的发展趋势。     

Labor's Geography: Capital,Violence, Guest Workers and the Post‐World War II Landscape

Abstract: The impetus to labor geography—putting workers and their practices and interests right at the heart of our analyses and making these ontologically prior in our theorizing—is the right one. Because this is the right impulse, work in labor geography has tended to over‐valorize both the ability of workers to shape the landscapes of capitalism and the long‐term efficacy of any such “shaping”. Arguing from a specific case—the struggles over agribusiness in California in the immediate post‐World War II California—this paper seeks to understand those moments when workers are all but powerless. It argues that those of us interested in politically charged and politically efficacious labor geographies need to retrain our focus as much on the structures within which workers live and work as well as on the actions undertaken by powerful forces within capital and the state whose interests are served by various forms of worker powerlessness.     

A spatial analysis of human fertility in Scotland: Reappraisal and extension

In an earlier study of Scottish fertility (Jones, 1975) it was concluded that a substantial part of the areal variability in county and major city Crude Birth Rates could be attributed to variations in age structure and, to a lesser extent, socio‐economic composition. Because Crude Birth Rate levels are affected by population composition this study seeks to determine the extent to which areal variations in reproduction can be attributed to behavioural rather than structural effects. It is suggested that areal differences in Scottish reproductive behaviour reflect well defined, deeply ingrained and temporally persistent differences within Scottish society.     

The production of tyrannical space

Bullying is an internationally pervasive problem that impacts significantly on the behaviour, health and wellbeing of children. Drawing on ideas developed in both the abundant psychology literature, and the landmark study by Percy-Smith and Matthews Tyrannical Spaces (2001) Percy-Smith, B. and Matthews, H. 2001. Tyrannical spaces: Young people, bullying and urban neighbourhoods. Local Environment, 6(1): 49–63. [Taylor & Francis Online] [Google Scholar], this paper examines the psychosocial dynamics of bullying as they interrelate with various environments. The key groups involved in bullying are considered particularly with respect to their spatial rituals, actions and interactions. In the absence of sustained geographical research in this field, some broad directions for future geographies of bullying are suggested as the basis for future inquiry. Some initial indications are provided as to how these might involve, and connect to, existing disciplinary interests in geographies of exclusion, moral and emotional geographies.     

Honoring Susan Hanson's 45 years in geography

The essays in this themed section honor Susan Hanson's 45 years in geography. They are written by senior academic geographers who participated in a series of panels at the Annual meeting of the Association of the American Geographers in Boston in 2008 that celebrated Susan's scholarship and her impact on the discipline of geography.     

结构主义地理学——当代西方人文地理学的一个重要流派

结构主义地理学在当代的西方人文地理学中,占有相当的地位并且为地理学做出了很突出的贡献。本文较为详细的介绍了结构主义地理学的形成演变过程、方法论,最后简述了与其它主要人文地理学派的关系及其在地理学中的地位。     

Past‐president's address: is geography (the discipline) sustainable without geography (the subject)?

We commonly define geography as the 'integrative' discipline, but there is more rhetoric than reality in the notion that our discipline has a coherent view of the world. Academic geography is dominated by increasingly esoteric topical specialties, and too often practiced as if it didn't exist outside the universities. By ignoring the popular conception of what geography is, we foster a dangerous opposition between geography as a popular subject and geography as a discipline. I argue that the survival of the discipline requires a collective rediscovery of a common core, which could be built around 'regional' geography—not the outmoded capes, bays and main export regional geography of the past, but one informed by modern theory, and attending to causal structures rooted in current realities. Our introductory courses are the best place to demonstrate a renewed commitment to a holistic geography grounded in an understanding of the world. Eclectic, curiosity-driven research is also essential to the survival of the discipline, but disciplinary diversity is a strength only if it is grounded in an identifiable core. Excessive pluralism and intellectual arrogance may lead to 'disciplinocide'.     

The Citation Relationships between Journals of Geography and Cognate Disciplines

There is an ongoing debate concerning the relationship between the disciplinary ends of the broad spectrum that is geography and also the relationship between geography and other disciplines, including the extent to which it is self-focussed or inward looking. These issues were assessed using an analysis of citation relationships between journals in the Thompson Scientific Journal Citation Reports databases at the category level. Thirty-four categories were used, comparing the two geography categories (‘Geography’, representing human geography and ‘Geography, Physical’, representing physical geography) with 32 other cognate categories. A matrix of the citation relationships between each category was developed using a relatedness factor that corrects for the opportunity for citations to occur. The resultant matrix of factors indicates that human geography journals are considerably more likely to cite their own papers than are those of physical geography, but that they are by no means the most self-citing of the journals assessed. Both human and physical geography journals have strong citation relationships with several other disciplines, with those for human geography most often being net export relationships in the sense of a balance of trade. This finding contradicts previous assertions that human geography imports more than it exports. The citation relationships of physical geography are smaller than those of human geography, and are typically small net imports. The relationship between human and physical geography journals is a small net export from physical geography to human geography, but their total trade volume is considerably smaller than their respective relationships with other disciplines. These results are likely to be caused by many factors in addition to the actual relatedness between disciplines and sub-disciplines, but they do represent a benchmark against which more detailed analyses can be assessed.     

体育文化的地理学解析

本文以体育和地理共同关注的空间和地方作为切入点,介绍和分析了体育与地理的联系、体育地理的兴起和发展状况,继而提出了体育文化地理解析的概念框架,并在此框架下,讨论了体育地理学研究的主要领域和核心内容。最后文章扼要指出了我国体育地理学研究的潜力和优势,认为体育地理研究将在我国大有可为。     

Advanced manufacturing as an online case study for global geography education

Advanced manufacturing continues to be an important sector for emerging and industrialized economies, therefore, remaining an important topic for economic geography education. This article describes a case study created for the Association of American Geographer's Center for Global Geography Education and its implementation. The international machine tool industry is particularly useful for introducing students to the regional impacts of broader economic processes.     

物流地理学研究内容与趋势评述

在对物流地理学产生的基础学科交通地理学、物流管理学研究综述基础上,分析交通地理学、物流管理学与物流地理学在研究目的、领域与方法等方面的联系与差异,阐明物流地理学研究对象、内容与方法,进而提出我国物流地理学的发展方向:现代物流区域效应研究、基于现代物流的经济组织空间结构再造及内在机理研究、产业与大型企业物流网络空间优化模型研究、区域物流体系规划研究。     

Fieldwork in geography education: defining or declining? The state of fieldwork in Canadian undergraduate geography programs

This paper investigates the prevalence of fieldwork in undergraduate Geography programs in Canada. It examines the presence of fieldwork, provided through both field courses and courses that include fieldwork components, by reviewing program requirements and course offerings in undergraduate geography programs. The research explores the extent to which fieldwork is a required component of an undergraduate degree and scrutinizes the integration of fieldwork within geography programs. The results indicate that few programs include fieldwork requirements and that overall there is limited integration of fieldwork in programs of study.     

Teaching Across the Divide: Physical and Human Geographies of Hurricane Katrina

This article critically reflects on our effort to ‘teach across the divide’, by integrating physical and human geography in a new first-year course. We achieved this integration by structuring our course around a series of key events, in order to draw out the interaction of ‘natural’ and ‘social’ forces. After setting out the intellectual and institutional reasons for integration, we illustrate our approach with reference to one of the key events covered in our course: Hurricane Katrina. Finally, we draw on our own reflections and student evaluations to consider the positive outcomes of our approach, and the challenges it poses.     

国外乡村聚落地理研究进展及近今趋势

乡村聚落地理的研究是乡村地理学的重要研究领域。本文通过对大量的文献资料分析,系统梳理了国外乡村聚落地理的研究动态,将其研究历程划分为:萌芽起步、初步发展、拓展变革、转型重构四个阶段。对乡村聚落地理的研究内容体系进行归纳总结,主要集中在聚落布局、聚落形态与分类、聚落景观、聚落用地、聚落生态等方面。在此基础上对近今乡村聚落地理的研究趋势及发展方向进行了分析,发现乡村聚落的人文社会化和乡村重构的研究趋势。以期能对国内乡村聚落地理的研究提供借鉴和参考。     

对城市社会-生活空间的本体解构

根据国外著名学者的观点与权威性文献总结国外地理学社会论(学派)形成与发展的思维观,重点探讨城市社会-生活空间理论的思想与方法论,并力图用概念化结构模式(图)表示出来,作为理解城市社会-生活空间本体构成,以及进一步对其研究的解构理念。全文从地理学社会论创立解剖社会空间的思想观逻辑,预示城市社会-生活空间规律的研究代表了当今人文地理学前沿理论水平的重要方面。     

国外金融地理:地理学和经济学研究对比

金融地理学的研究日益受到关注,其中地理学和经济学领域的学者参与最多。但不同的学科渊源和研究传统,使两者在研究领域、研究方法方面各有特点,差异明显。自理论渊源看,地理学的研究始于20世纪70年代的马克思主义地理学,而经济学的研究可追溯到古典区位论和循环累积因果论。地理学的研究,注重探讨区位和地方对金融交易和金融运行的影响,受政治经济学传统和文化转向的影响,特别关注金融系统发展的不平等效应和金融空间中的社会、文化因素;经济学研究主要致力于探讨货币和金融系统对区域发展影响的非中性,特别关注地理距离对信用获得的影响。地理学的研究定性研究较多,并擅长借鉴其他学科的理论和方法;经济学的研究专注简化,以计量分析为主。新出现的金融化经济体系或金融主导的增长体系迫切需要经济地理学开展研究。相互借鉴和整合可推动金融地理学的发展。     

On Dittmer's Popular Culture,Geopolitics, and Identity as a classroom resource

In this intervention, four geographers, all of whom have used Jason Dittmer's book, Popular Culture, Geopolitics, and Identity, in their classes, assess its status as a teaching resource. All have had considerable success using Dittmer's book, alongside other resources, to cultivate critical thinking and critical knowledge production in a wide range of classes.     

Review of the Alaska boundary question

EUROPE

Language as a Social and Political Factor in Europe. By Stanley Rundle. 8 3/4 x 5 5/8. Pp. 207. 11 sketch maps. London: Faber and Faber Ltd., 1946. 12s 6d.

Britain's Structure and Scenery. By L. Dudley Stamp, C.B.E., B.A., D.Sc. 8 1/2 x 6. Pp. xvi+255. 47 colour photographs. 40 photographs in black and white. 74 maps and diagrams. London : William Collins, Sons and Co. Ltd., 1946. 16s.

Climbing in Britain. Edited by J. E. Q. Barford. 7 x 4 1/2. Pp. 160. 47 figs. 18 photographs. Pelican Books, A 160. Harmondsworth : Penguin Books Ltd., 1946. 1s.

Scotland before the Scots. The Rhind Lectures for 1944. By V. Gordon Childe. 8 1/2 x 5 1/2. Pp. viii+144. 24 figs. 16 plates. London: Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1946. 12s 6d.

On Scottish Hills. By B. H. Humble. Foreword by Geoffrey Winthrop Young. 10 x 7 1/2. Pp. 128. 75 photographs. End‐paper sketches. London: Chapman and Hall Ltd., 1946. 18s.

The Promise of the Years. By Edward Grace. 9 1/4 x 7. Pp.120. 26 illustrations. London: Sylvan Press Ltd., 1946. 16s.

The Lure of Lakeland. By E. D. Tinne. 6 1/2 x 8. Pp.64. 22 illustrations by the author. End‐paper sketch map. London : Frederick Warne and Co. Ltd., 1946. 7s 6d.

Henley‐in‐Arien : An Ancient Market Town and its Surroundings. By William Cooper, F.S.A., F.R.Hist.S. 8 1/2 x 5 1/2. Pp. xii+195. 14 illustrations. 2 maps. Birmingham: Cornish Brothers Ltd., 1946. 21s.

The River Windrush. By Wilson MacArthur. 8 1/2 x 5 1/2. Pp. viii+184. 46 photographs. London : Cassell and Co. Ltd., 1946. 10s 6d.

This Land of Sweden. By Prince William of Sweden. Translated by Elizabeth Kjellberg. 8 1/2 x 5 1/2. Pp. 395‐ 17 illustrations. Stockholm : P. A. Norstedt och Söners Förlag, 1946. 16 kr.

La Route Française, son Histoire, sa Fonction. By Henri Cavaillès. 9 x 5 1/2. Pp. 399. 7 figs. Paris : Librairie Armand Colin, 1946. 370 fr.

The Matterhorn. By Guido Rey. Translated from the Italian by J. E. C. Eaton. Revised and two additional Chapters by R. L. G. Irving. 8 1/2 x 6 1/2. Pp. x+278. 37 illustrations. Oxford : Basil Blackwell, 1946. 15s.

The Growth of Modern Germany. By Roy Pascal. 7 1/2 x 5. Pp. viii+145. 11 photographs. 5 charts. 3 sketch maps. Past and Present, Vol.2. London: Cobbett Press, 1946. 7s 6d.

The Republic of Austria 1918–1934: A Study in the Failure of Democratic Government. By Mary Macdonald. 7 1/4 x 5. Pp. viii+165. Issued under the auspices of the Royal Institute of International Affairs. London: Oxford University Press, 1946. 8s 6d.

Under the Carpathians : Home of a Forgotten People. By J. B. Heisler and J. E. Mellon. 8 1/2 x 5 1/2. Pp.124. 79 illustrations. London: Lindsay Drummond Ltd., 1946. 12s 6d.

ASIA

Paysans de Syrie et du Proche‐Orient. By Jacques Weulersse. 9 x 5 1/2. Pp. 329. 69 figs. 16 plates. Le Paysan et la Terre, No. 3. Paris : Librairie Gallimard, 1946. 360 fr.

Black Borneo. By Charles C. Miller. 8 1/2 x 5 1/2. Pp.220. 23 photographs. London: Museum Press Ltd., 1946. 15s.

The Philippine Islands. By W. Cameron Forbes. 8 1/2 x 5 1/2. Pp. xv+424. 31 illustrations. Map. Cambridge, Mass. : Harvard University Press ; London : Oxford University Press. Revised edition, 1945. 85.00 or 23s 6d.

A Presença de Portugal em Macau. By António da Silva Rego. 8 3/4 x 6 1/4. Pp. xiii+III. Lisbon : Agência Geral das Cólonias, 1946.

Asia on the Move : Population Pressure, Migration, and Resettlement in Eastern Asia under the Influence of Want and War. By Bruno Lasker. 8 1/2 x 5 1/2. Pp. xiii+207. End‐paper sketch maps. New York : Henry Holt and Company Inc., 1945. S3.00.

AFRICA

The Northern Goldfields Diaries of Thomas Baines. Edited by J. P. R. Wallis. 10 x 6 1/2. Vol.1. Pp. xxxviii+1–278. 9 illustrations (colour and half‐tone). 2 maps. Vol. II. Pp. viii+279–598. 12 illustrations. 1 map. Vol. III. Pp. viii+599–855. 8 illustrations. 2 maps. Government Archives of Southern Rhodesia : Oppenheimer Series, No. 3. London: Chatto and Windus, 1946. 90s per set of three volumes.

AMERICA

Quebec: Historic Seaport. By Mazo de la Roche. 8 1/2 x 5 1/2. Pp. xii+212. 17 illustrations. London : Macmillan and Co. Ltd., 1946. 12s 6d.

AUSTRALASIA

Soil Erosion in Australia and New Zealand‐ By J. Macdonald Holmes, Ph.D. 9 1/2 x 7 1/4. Pp.296. 63 figs. 62 plates. Sydney and London : Angus and Robertson Ltd., 1946. 17s 6d.

POLAR REGIONS

Bibliography of Bibliographies on the Arctic. By Rev. Artheme Dutilly, O.M.I. 10 x 7. Pp. 47. Map. Washington D.C.: The Catholic University of America, 1945. $1.00.

Life on an Icefloe. By Ivan Papanin. Translated from the Russian by Fanny Smitham. 9 x 6. Pp.240. 20 photographs. Map. London: Hutchinson and Co. (Publishers) Ltd., N.D. 18s.

EDUCATIONAL

The Raw Materials of the World. By J. Gentilli. Foreword by Dr. G. L. Wood. 7 1/4 + 4 3/4. Pp. xi+306. 50 diagrams. 48 maps. Sydney, Melbourne, Perth : Whitcombe and Tombs Pty. Ltd., N.D. 8s 6d.

Fundamentals of Economic Geography. By Nels A. Bengtson and Willem van Royen. 9 x 6. Pp. xxvii+802. 299 maps and illustrations. New York : Prentice Hall Inc. Revised edition, 1946. $6.00.

GENERAL

Dating the Past: An Introduction to Geodironology. By Frederick E. Zeuner, D.Sc., F.Z.S., F.G.S. 8 1/2 x 5 1/2. Pp. xviii+444. 24 plates. 103 diagrams. London : Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1946. 30s.

Ports of the World. Edited by Sir Archibald Hurd. 8 x 5 1/2. Pp. xxxiv+1065. London: The Shipping World Ltd., 1946. (Post free) 30s.

Snow on the Hills. By F. S. Smythe. 12 1/2 x 10. Pp. 119. 47 plates. London: Adam and .Charles Black Ltd., 1946. 20s.

ATLASES

The Compact Atlas of the World. By John Bartholomew. 6 3/4 x 4 1/4. Pp. xvi+128+30. Edinburgh : John Bartholomew and Son Ltd. 2nd edition, 1945. 6s.

Bacon's All Essentials School Atlas, containing maps showing contours, isobars, isotherms, rainfall, vegetation, population, productions, communications, political boundaries, etc., and a complete alphabetical index to names. 9 3/4 x 7 1/4. Pp. 47. Edinburgh : G. W. Bacon and Co. Ltd., [1946]. 3s 6d.