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1.
Gengzhe Yu 《Frontiers of History in China》2007,2(3):320-344
The changing status of moxibustion therapy in folk medicine from the Tang Dynasty to the Song Dynasty is a reflection of the
distribution situation of popular medical resources during these periods. As a feasible therapy with a large popularity, moxibustion
played a crucial role in the Tang Dynasty. The Song Dynasty saw some social development as well, because it was an active
state power and social force in medical activities. Therefore, people at the lower class gradually benefited from decoction
and acupuncture treatments, and the status of the moxibustion therapy began to decline. The changing status of moxibustion
therapy in different dynasties embodies the changes in technology and the quality of life.
Translated by Chen Cheng from Tsinghua daxue xuebao 清华大学学报 (Journal of Tsinghua University), 2006, (1): 62–74 相似文献
2.
Zhi’an Li 《Frontiers of History in China》2006,1(3):375-403
The vicious cycle of official corruption got worse unprecedentedly in the Yuan dynasty (ca. 1279–1368). Corrupt officials
at all levels from the local to the central governments were “extremely shameless and greedy.” Even many court ministers got
involved in the vicious cycle of corruption. The top officialdom was polluted and degenerated badly because the Mongolian
nobles made their “Sauqat” (taking gifts) tradition and the Semu, both official and merchant groups, took bribes as a way to amass wealth. Although the Mongol Yuan rulers did make a set
of anti-corruption policies such as detailed rules of censorship and inspection relating to corruption crimes, these didn’t
work well. Of all the reasons of the Yuan official corruption, the old Mongolian steppe traditions play the most important
role, which formed the context for the low salary, improper selection and poor quality of the officials and of bending the
law wrongly to pardon official misconduct.
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Translated from: Nankai Xuebao Zhexue Shehui Kexue Ban 南开学报: 哲学社会科学版 (Nankai Journal, Philosophy and Social Science Edition), Vol.5, 2004, by Zhang Weiwei 相似文献
3.
谢宏维 《Frontiers of History in China》2009,4(3):426-459
As the main literature of socio-economic history, local gazetteers display the dynamic process of local socio-economic structuring
and reflect local conflicts among various interest groups. Focusing on local gazetteers in Wanzai County of Jiangxi Province
from the Qing to the Republic, this essay shows how local literati played an active role in constructing their local community.
These gazetteers reflected the complicated power relations, especially the conflict between the natives and immigrants, and
they themselves became the important part of the process of local power reproduction and culture construction.
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Translated by Luo Hui from Shixue Yuekan 史学月刊 (Journal of Historical Science), 2008, (9): 70–81 相似文献
4.
徐泓 《Frontiers of History in China》2008,3(4):551-577
Under the stimulus of developing commercial economy and overseas trade, the social customs characterized by prevailing luxury
and extravagance was gradually formed in Fujian Province from the mid-Ming Dynasty on. The transformation started from the
material culture and later spread to people—s mental attitudes including the public ethics and human relations. Compared with
what happened in the Jiangnan area (the Yangtze River Delta), the change in Fujian Province was less profound and thorough,
but it highly surpassed the North China society, where many sub-prefectures and counties remained unchanged till the end of
the Ming Dynasty. However, there were also some coastal or interior regions in Fujian which continuously maintained a simple
and unspoiled social atmosphere for the unbalanced economic development.
Translated by Zhou Weiwei and Chen Cheng from Zhejiang Xuekan 浙江学刊 (Zhejiang Academic Journal), 2007, (5): 34–44 相似文献
5.
Biao You 《Frontiers of History in China》2007,2(2):166-180
The Song Dynasty is the most important period in Chinese history in terms of the establishment of a new type of clan system.
During the Song, Chinese social organization, at the grass-roots level, experienced a fundamental change. In the wake of the
late-Tang collapse of the local power system, it was necessary for the Song to replace the ancestral lineage structure and
develop a new system to adapt itself to the new circumstances brought on by drastic changes in its economy. Song Confucians
played a vital part in the changes. Not only did they gradually solve the theoretical problems of the new type of clan organization,
but they also developed many feasible and standard models. Eventually this model would gain even wider acceptance after the
Yuan Dynasty with the rise of Neo-Confucianism. Thus, ancestral halls, serving as the major centers for the new clan activities,
became prevalent among common people.
Translated from Anhui Shifan Daxue Xuebao 安徽师范大学学报 (Journal of Anhui Normal University), 2006, (3): 322–327
This paper is part of a National Social Science Fund project, Research on Chinese Folklore History (Song and Yuan Volume, You Biao, ed.) 相似文献
6.
Tie Han 《Frontiers of History in China》2006,1(3):329-356
It is not the case as Robert Bork claims that the U. S. antitrust law had only one goal—maximization of consumer welfare of
efficiency—at the very beginning and should have been kept that way for its later development. Partly because of the fighting
among different interest groups as well as spokesmen of different regions at the 51st Congress, the Sherman Antitrust Act
came out as a legislation with multiple goals, which were also taking shape under the influence of the Republican idea of
balance of power, the liberal belief in property rights, the freedom of contract of classic economics, and the price theory
of neoclassic economics. In more than a hundred years after that, the U.S. antitrust law has shifted the center of its goals
as a result of the change of regulatory regimes with different emphases such as market function, economic stabilization, social
concern, and economic efficiency during different periods. From a historical perspective, it is beyond dispute that the U.S.
antitrust law has had multiple goals instead of only one.
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Translated from: Shixue Yuekan 史学月刊 (Journal of Historical Science), No.6, 2004 相似文献
7.
Qihong Lu 《Frontiers of History in China》2008,3(1):148-161
The European witch-trials became numerous in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. A large number of witches were imprisoned
and many of them were executed at the stake. The ubiquitous social strain brought on the witch-hunt, and the witch became
the scapegoat. Study on the witch-hunt provides a special perspective on the transition of Western Europe in the sixteenth
and seventeenth centuries.
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Translated from Shixue Yuekan 史学月刊 (Journal of Historical Science), 2007, (8): 64–71 相似文献
8.
9.
Using the political culture analysis method, this paper discusses the origin, contents and functions of the agriculture encouragement
system of the Song dynasty, which originated from the pre-Qin period (221–207 BC). The main content of this system in its
early stage is that in the early Spring days, the king symbolically ploughed a piece of land near the suburbs of his capital
in order to send to his subjects a clear message of the importance he attached to agriculture. It was expected that peasants
would be encouraged by his majesty’s guidance, and thus agricultural production of the countryside would be promoted. With
the rationalization of the political system since the Qin period, agricultural encouragement gradually became a routine work
of the Chinese governments at different levels. Under the Northern Song dynasty (960–1127), “agricultural encouragement envoy”
was added to the official rank of heads of counties and prefectures. They each were required to take the responsibility of
persuading peasants in their jurisdiction to work harder in the field. The actual work as an “agricultural encouragement envoy”
in the Song dynasty was to go to the countryside to reward peasants with food and wine in early February, and to write an
essay to express his encouragement, and to distribute it to the peasants. Formalistic as it is, the agricultural encouragement
system is a typical manifestation of the traditional Chinese political culture. As one of its social impacts on the Song society,
it helped the spread of advanced agricultural technology with its institutional basis.
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Translated from: Zhejiang Daxue Xuebao, Renwen Shehui Kexue Ban 浙江大学学报: 人文社会科学版 (Journal of Zhejiang University, Humanities and Social Science), No. 1, 2004 相似文献
10.
Xue Pingshuan 《Frontiers of History in China》2006,1(2):254-275
As the capital of the Sui and Tang dynasties, Chang’an brought together large numbers of high-ranking officials, aristocrats,
local residents, and sojourners. The promise of profits caused by the high demand for consumer goods attracted merchants.
Chang’an was also the starting point of the renowned Silk Road. For all these reasons, Chang’an became a gathering point for
Small and medium-scale merchants, rich merchants, ethnic-minority merchants, and foreign merchants. All these merchants engaged
in a wide variety of business activities and made money by surprisingly diverse means. Those with great economic power were
quite active politically. The activities of these merchants symbolize the unprecedented growth of commerce in Chang’an and
reveal the high level of development of urban trade in the Sui and the Tang dynasties.
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Translated from: Shaanxi Shifan Daxue Xuebao 陕西师范大学学报: 哲学社会科学版(Journal of Shaanxi Normal University, Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition), No.2, 2004, by Fabien Simonis.
Fabien Simonis wish to thank Alexei Ditter for his help in translating poetic passages. 相似文献