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我国的旅游资源丰富,风景名胜区众多,但其建设发展起步较晚,在实际的管理中还存在诸多问题,管理模式有待完善。通过总结美国国家公园管理在管理体制和经营机制的成功经验,分析我国现有管理模式的缺点,将其经验适当运用到我国的风景名胜区的管理中,有利于我国风景名胜区的发展。 相似文献
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19世纪末20世纪初,一系列国家公园不断建立的同时,美国内政部主导下的国家公园管理面临诸多问题与挑战。在此背景下,美国一些民间保护主义者、联邦政府官员等有识之士开始认识到,必须设立专门行政机构来改进国家公园管理模式。于是,在他们的推动下,国会于1916年通过了《国家公园局组织法》。该法宣告了专门服务于国家公园管理的联邦政府机构——国家公园局的诞生,确立了美国国家公园管理的使命和基本原则,为国家公园体系化发展和全国性管理政策的形成奠定了法律基础,标志着美国国家公园管理体制的初步确立。 相似文献
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正那是一片举世瞩目的神奇土地,独特的地热景观"神一般的存在"。大自然好似一位魔法师,用水火冰风在这里精雕细琢,热气腾腾的温泉恍如太古洪荒时代的梦境随处可见。这里被喻为"地球最美丽的表面",这里是美国黄石国家公园。泥浆泉乍一听"泥浆泉"3个字,我头脑里会条件反射般地联想到史前灰黑色 相似文献
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19世纪末20世纪初,在倡导对自然资源进行开发与利用的历史语境中,国家公园这种相悖于传统、将自然资源\"锁起来\"的公共土地利用模式,时常遭到美国功利主义开发势力的质疑和挑战.在支持国家公园的美国社会精英看来,国家公园保存的都是\"无与伦比的风景\",是能够彰显美国独特性的国家骄傲.他们一方面构建国家公园土地对于传统资源开发乃是\"无用之地\"的形象,另一方面极力阐释国家公园在经济、社会、文化、科学、教育等方面的功用和益处,及其相异于其他\"美国公地\"的独特性,从而形成了一套塑造国家公园正当性的话语体系.该话语体系既接续了美国浪漫主义和民族主义风景观念,迎合了\"后边疆时代\"美国精英阶层的荒野文化心理,又从实用主义的角度发掘出国家公园在美国经济社会发展中的多重\"资源\"价值,最终促使国家公园在美国人的自然认知和经济社会体系中确立了正当性. 相似文献
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美国西部开发与联邦政府的土地政策 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
西部国有土地私有化是美国西部开发的基础和前提,也是美国联邦政府导引和规范西部开发的主要手段。私有化的主要途径是出售和赠予,在此过程中所出现的土地投机现象和宅地法等在当时和后来均备受争议。有必要将这些现象结合起来进行系统的考察。 相似文献
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人口持续增长的今天,土地资源利用面积不断减小的形势下,如何充分利用土地资源,使土地面积减少和人口增长之间的矛盾得到有效缓解,逐渐成为国家发展的重要问题。而测绘技术可以给土地资源管理工作的开展提供技术支持,使这一问题得到合理解决。基于此,文章对土地测绘在土地开发管理中的应用进行研究,以供参考。 相似文献
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<正>犹他州是美国各州中唯一地貌与众不同的州。这里的地貌具有多种特征,并且只有在这里,才能领略到世人所称的美国大西部广阔无垠的景象。犹他州国家公园浓缩了美国中西部红土高原的精华。那红彤彤的色彩,洋洋挥洒2000多平方公里,红得单纯热烈、红得令人 相似文献
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考古与遗址公园——国家考古遗址公园建设中的两个定位 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
国家考古遗址公园是近年来我国大遗址保护的一种创新模武.在建设过程中,我们既要正确理解国家考古遗址公园的定位,处理好"考古遗址"与"公园"之间的关系,确保考古遗址公园的特质属性和发展走向,也要全面准确把握国家考古遗址公园中考古工作的定位.这种正确的定位有利于考古遗址的科学保护、深入研究及有效展示,同时也有助于推动中国现代... 相似文献
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Theresa M. Jedd Michael J. Hayes Carlos M. Carrillo Tonya Haigh Christopher J. Chizinski John Swigart 《Tourism Geographies》2018,20(2):224-249
ABSTRACTChanges in temperature and precipitation can affect tourist experiences. This study examines how summer park visitation has changed in response to temperature and precipitation extremes. The study goals were two-fold. The first is to introduce a framework and the second is to test it in a pilot region with four mountainous National Parks. The framework is designed to compare the vulnerability of seasonal park visitation to shifts in a combined indicator of temperature and precipitation. It uniquely considers needed measurements, and the data required to conduct an analysis. The second goal is to test it in four destinations in the U.S. Northern Rockies, including Glacier, Yellowstone, Grand Teton, and Rocky Mountain National Parks. The preliminary test reveals outlier cases of visitation under wet and dry extremes. The analysis connects time series climate and visitation data for the peak summer season from 1991–2012. Outlier analysis illustrates more change in extremely dry conditions, with four out of the six dry-year outliers resulting in a visitation decline. Whether this decline in park tourism is attributable to climate features, economic factors, or conscious management decisions, these drops have significant economic impacts: estimates of changes in visitor spending during dry years are between roughly 9 and 90 million USD. These differences may be connected to the popular activities in each park, and the extent they are dependent on weather conditions. This framework can be used to test the relationship between climate and tourism visitation in other regions, in various seasons and time frames. The work may inform the tourist sector in adjusting and planning for a range of conditions. We discuss opportunities and conclude with additional needs for understanding the mechanisms behind risk in mountain park tourism under climate extremes. 相似文献
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Moss Edward Norman Nicole Gerarda Power 《Gender, place and culture : a journal of feminist geography》2015,22(1):50-66
There has been a growing body of research exploring the mobility experiences of rural youth as they migrate in search of work, education and leisure. In this article we contribute to this body of knowledge by examining the mobility experiences of young women (16–24 years) living on the southwest coast of Newfoundland, Canada. In contrast to dominant constructions of rural crisis that position out-of-the-way places as in decline, dying or dead, we argue that the young women in our study articulated complex, affective relations to place. In so doing, they negotiated localized histories, prevailing social relations, broader discursive constructions and embodied affective connections in forging their emplaced feminine subjectivities. We argue that foregrounding the complex and at times contradictory relationships that the young women articulated with their rural homes is an important step in prying open dominant albeit constraining constructions of the rural, thereby allowing for alternative and more inhabitable imaginings of out-of-the-way places. 相似文献
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The Otterburn Public Inquiry (1997 and 1999) polarized opinion as to how England’s finest countryside should best be utilized. On the one hand, the Ministry of Defence sought to realize a major development in a protected area, whereas on the other, Northumberland County Council and Northumberland National Park Authority opposed the plans, arguing that conservation and recreation should take priority. This study was undertaken several years later and took a retrospective look at the saga through a recollection of personal accounts, so as to examine the impact and legacy that was borne out of this development. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with a number of stakeholders as part of a wider project on partnership working. It was found that the Ministry of Defence used this planning dispute to affirm that defence of the realm was a greater national interest than environmental protection. The outcome of the Public Inquiry was also found to contribute towards a radical change in the way Northumberland National Park was managed. 相似文献
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Matthew Liesch 《Journal of Cultural Geography》2013,30(3):362-384
Keweenaw National Historical Park (hereafter KNHP) is one of a periodically growing list of partnership parks developed in response to changing ideals of what the National Park Service ought to preserve and interpret. Established in 1992, KNHP and some other newer parks are intended by Congress to be public–private partnerships. This paper illuminates how KNHP stakeholders used information vacuums to intensify competing narratives regarding landscapes in a partnership park. Ethnographic fieldwork illustrates that stakeholders’ competing narratives complicate KNHP's management. Furthermore, this case study highlights the need for historic preservation professionals to build trust and to communicate effectively with all stakeholders in communities with historic preservation programs. Within a social group, insiders’ knowledge construction guides ideas of landscape aesthetics. 相似文献
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Charges for parking in the countryside pose a particular dilemma in Scotland as they are seen by many outdoor groups as a backdoor approach to restricting the public's newly acquired right of responsible access to the countryside. The issue is particularly sensitive in the case of the Cairngorms National Park (CNP) where charging has spread to a number of key car parks across the area. Based on the results of a survey of over 300 visitors this paper investigates visitors’ attitudes and perceptions towards car park charging in the CNP, and explores the conditions under which they would find charging legitimate; in particular, the notion of hypothecation (i.e. the practice of declaring where and how monies contributed will be spent). We find that the vast majority of visitors surveyed are supportive of charging but that support is conditional on: the nature of the charging system, the type of location in question, and the landowners’ commitment to hypothecating user fees for reinvestment in visitor facilities and preservation of the environment. We conclude by proposing a CNP‐wide charging policy, fundamentally based on the principle of hypothecation. 相似文献
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康体休闲产业的机遇与市场进入 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:9
康体休闲旅游从作为洒店、或一般俱乐部的经营项目,正在转化为独立的旅游经营实体(康体休闲俱乐部,或综合中心),并促进其形成产业,本文以实证规范化方法,从实务和实例两方面阐述康体休闲产业所面临的机遇和怎样进入市场。 相似文献
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人事档案是人才信息摘要的重要载体和来源,也是考核任用干部的重要依据。发展市场经济,形成人才的频繁流动,使人事档案管理的专业性与复杂性特点日渐明显,这对加强人事档案管理工作提出了新的要求:理顺管理体制。落实档案内容,加强信息化建设,改进利用方式,提高档案管理人员的业务素质。 相似文献