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Fragments of neurology can be found in the oldest medical writings in antiquity. Recognizable cerebral localization is seen in Egyptian medical papyri. Most notably, the Edwin Smith papyrus describes hemiplegia after a head injury. Similar echoes can be seen in Homer, the Bible, and the pre-Hippocratic writer Alcmaeon of Croton. While Biblical writers thought that the heart was the seat of the soul, Hippocratic writers located it in the head. Alexandrian anatomists described the nerves, and Galen developed the ventricular theory of cognition whereby mental functions are classified and localized in one of the cerebral ventricles. Medieval scholars, including the early Church Fathers, modified Galenic ventricular theory so as to make it a dynamic model of cognition. Physicians in antiquity subdivided the brain into separate areas and attributed to them different functions, a phenomenon that connects them with modern neurologists.  相似文献   

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Memoir of Hungary 1944–1948. By Sándor Márai. Translated with an introduction and notes by Albert Tezla (Budapest: Corvina in association with Central European University Press, 1996) 427 pp. £11.99 paper.  相似文献   

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Near the end of his life, John Marshall Harlan wrote a number of biographical essays, presumably at the request of his children. Most of the essays relate to his experiences in the Civil War. The essay reprinted here instead recounts Harlan's political career before he joined the Supreme Court. Although he rarely won any elections and only held a couple of offices, Harlan's political odyssey is significant in that it shows how his social views were formed. Harlan's transformation from a staunch anti‐abolitionist to a civil‐rights advocate can be viewed as a series of reactions against various opponents as he struggled to find his political identity after the collapse of the Whig party in the 1850s.  相似文献   

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Robyn Longhurst 《对极》2012,44(3):871-888
Abstract: This research focuses on the spaces and politics of weight loss. It is informed by “fat studies”, critical geographical scholarship on fat, and two contrasting feminist readings of Michel Foucault's notion of “care of the self”. Using autobiography as a method of inquiry I share my experience of “becoming smaller” through weight loss dieting. I argue that losing weight for me has been paradoxical on at least three counts: first, by being a feminist scholar who critiques discourses around women and slimness while at the same time desiring to be slim; second, by my new eating patterns marking me simultaneously as both a disciplined and a disordered subject; and third, by publically and politically supporting the Health at Every Size movement but privately in my “quest” to recreate myself emphasizing shedding kilos over fitness. The article concludes that understanding these paradoxes that surround weight loss is useful for furthering understanding of a complex embodied, gendered and spatialized process.  相似文献   

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《真腊风土记校注》之补注   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
元人周达观的《真腊风土记》是世界上仅存的最早全面记载柬埔寨吴哥时期的政治、经济、宗教、化、社会、风俗等各方面情况的专。据作亲身经历而录,以其记载的翔实可信而成为不朽的传世之作。全仅8,500字,真可谓字字珠玑。历代中外学为《真腊风土记》作校注不乏其人,其中以夏鼐先生的《真腊风土记校注》最受世人称道。中华书局于1981年出版了单行本,2000年又收入中外交通史籍丛刊再版。  相似文献   

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