琥珀及其作伪

1.琥珀的成因及主要产地琥珀是树脂埋藏地层中日久逐渐石化而成的。树木在遭受昆虫钻咬,或枝干折断时,均会分泌胶质物,以保护创口。分泌的树胶逐渐聚集、凝结,经地质运动深埋土中,或是被海浪冲到岸边,随树木顺河流冲刷而下,最后滞聚于三角洲的浅洼处。     

Rethinking the Ottoman Imitation of Persian Poetry

This article revisits the common discourse that Ottoman poetry is a derivative imitation of Persian poetry. I begin by surveying and discussing the discourse of imitation that has pervaded approaches to Ottoman poetry in particular and Ottoman literature in general. Then I turn to explore how Ottoman poets engaged with Persian poetry by focusing on a lyric poem composed by the Ottoman sultan Süleyman the Magnificent (1494?1566) in imitation of the Persian master poet Hafiz of Shiraz (ca. 1315?90). In light of intertextual analysis, I illustrate and discuss the intricate ways in which Süleyman models himself on Hafiz in crafting his poem. I conclude with the idea that a closer analytical look at Ottoman poets’ intertextual dialogue with Persian poetry can offer better insights into the Ottoman reception of Persian poetic models as well as into the meaning and workings of imitation in the Ottoman literary context.     

宋元仿古青铜器上的纹样

宋代曾掀起过复古运动,徽宗时达到极盛。目的是希望通过恢复、再现＂三代＂礼制,以求治国和加强皇权。这场复古运动,皇帝与士大夫阶层是最热衷的实践者,寄托了他们强烈的政治抱负与理想。复古运动的性质决定了作为重要载体的宋代仿古青铜器,以礼器占大宗,当然,陈设与实用兼具的器物也有不少。大致可归成以下几类用途：     

陈桥驿《水经注校证》校点商榷

中华书局新印的《水经注校证》,是由郦学名家陈桥驿先生校勘的优秀作品。该书继承了《水经注校释》的优良学术品质,是研究《水经注》不可多得的佳本。笔者经过各种版本的相互比对,择出标点错误二十余条,以求对是书有所补益。     

墨锈渍来几百春 是泥是石孰知真 清代乾隆朝仿古澄泥砚漫谈

乾隆皇帝自负风雅,嗜文好古,怡情翰墨,习字作画,品鉴名迹,把玩珍宝,尤工诗文（图1-2）。他喜砚、咏砚,在他的御制诗当中,有关砚的诗作就有200首,可见对古砚的喜爱。不仅如此,乾隆皇帝对澄泥砚更是情有独钟,在他的诗作中就有38首有关澄泥砚的诗,占他砚的诗作近五分之一。