意大利旅游资源结构分析和旅游发展战略

本文根据意大利旅游资源的实际情况,其附近地区旅游业发展及世界近期旅游业发展趋势,对该国旅游资源进行了结构分析,将旅游点和旅游区划分为不同的等级,并在此基础上提出了该国旅游业发展的战略方向。     

ITALY AND FRANCE IN THE SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY STAGE CONTROVERSY

Abstract

Constantijn Huygens (1596-1687) was a notable Dutch statesman who penned over 75,000 lines of verse in eight languages. He made visits to England on no less than seven occasions and wrote a significant body of poetry, primarily in Dutch, but also in Latin, and very occasionally in French and English, during these visits. In this article, a detailed account is given of the poetry, which Huygens wrote in England. It provides a case-study of someone writing Dutch, and indeed Latin, verse in England in the early-modern period. Furthermore, during a time when the fortunes of Britain and the Northern Netherlands were very closely linked, it illustrates how a Dutchman responded in verse to aspects of English social and cultural life, and events such as the execution of Charles I, and the Great Fire of London of 1666.     

ON THE ORIENTATION OF ROMAN TOWNS IN ITALY

Summary.   Several Roman writers report on the existence of a town foundation ritual, inherited from the Etruscans, which allegedly included astronomical references. However, the possible existence of astronomical orientations in the layout of Roman towns has never been considered in a systematic way. As a first step in this direction, the orientation of 38 Roman towns in Italy is studied here. Non-random orientation patterns emerge from these data, calling for further research in this field.     

THE RADIOCARBON CHRONOLOGY OF THE NEOLITHIC AND COPPER AGE OF NORTHERN ITALY

Summary. Until twenty years ago the chronology of the Neolithic and Copper Age settlement of Northern Italy was almost exclusively based on the stratigraphical sequence of the Arene Candide cave in Liguria. The research carried out since the sixties has strongly increased our knowledge of the earliest farming communities and the first copper using people who inhabited the country between the end of the seventh and the beginning of the fourth millennium BP. This article considers the available evidence for this period which is now supported by a good set of radiocarbon dates.     

COMMERCIAL AND SOCIAL SIGNIFICANCE OF GLASS BEADS IN MIGRATION-PERIOD ITALY: THE CEMETERY OF CAMPO MARCHIONE

Migration-period glass beads from Italy are an overlooked source of evidence. This investigation discusses the provenance, economic value and social significance of glass beads from the cemetery of Campo Marchione, northern Italy (c.570 to the end of the seventh century AD). The different chemical compositions and specific forming technologies have identified European, Egyptian, Mesopotamian and Asian specimens. The wider contextualization of the beads in association with other grave goods and the sex and age of the deceased has yielded important insights into the economic, social and cultural significance beads held in Italy, acting as markers of long-distance exchange.     

新世纪地理学的新思路新观念新战略

文章阐述了新世纪是一个以知识经济为主体的世纪,用知识经济地理学的观点审视新世纪,新世纪的内涵将赋于地理学新的研究内容。面对这种形势,地理学用哲学观点,周密思考,精心研究,潜心探索其发展的新思路。新思路打开了地理学正视现实,面向新世纪的新视野、新领域,从而产生了一系列的新思路和新观念。地理学有了新思路和新观念,必然探索其发展的新战略。地理学有了新思想、新观念、新战略,就可以在新世纪滚滚而来的知识经济浪潮里抢抓机遇,开拓进取,勇于创新,并确立其应有的学科地位,这样,才能迎来一个灿烂美好的明天。否则,新世纪的到来,将预示着地理学进入危机时代。     

新世纪初以色列的地缘经济战略刍议

二十世纪后期以来的经济全球化、区域集团化的发展趋势表明,世界经济已经开始向地缘经济时代迈进。本文从双边合作和多边合作的角度分析了以色列与周缘国家开展地缘经济合作的现状,并在此基础上提出了以色列发展地缘经济合作的政治、经济和社会目标,最后探讨了其地缘经济合作战略的三层次模式:项目合作、次区域合作和核心扩散合作。     

奇特旺丛林脱险记

在尼泊尔的奇特旺,稳当可爱的“丛林之舟”驮着我和孩子领略了森林里的活色生香。     

LABOUR AND LANDSCAPES: THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF LANDESQUE CAPITAL IN NINETEENTH CENTURY TANGANYIKA

In a long‐term and global perspective irrigated and terraced landscapes, landesque capital, have often been assumed to be closely associated with hierarchical political systems. However, research is accumulating that shows how kinship‐based societies (including small chiefdoms) have also been responsible for constructing landesque capital without population pressure. We examine the political economy of landesque capital through the intersections of decentralized politics and regional economies. A crucial question guiding our research is why some kinship‐based societies chose to invest their labour in landesque capital while others did not. Our analysis is based on a detailed examination of four relatively densely populated communities in late pre‐colonial and early colonial Tanzania. By analysing labour processes as contingent and separate from political types of generalized economic systems over time we can identify the causal factors that direct labour and thus landscape formation as a process. The general conclusion of our investigation is that landesque investments occurred in cases where agriculture was the main source of long‐term wealth flow irrespective of whether or not hierarchical political systems were present. However, while this factor may be a necessary condition it is not a sufficient cause. In the cases we examined, the configurations of world‐systems connections and local social and economic circumstances combined to either produce investments in landesque capital or to pursue short‐term strategies of extraction.     

二十世纪上半叶北京和天津城市土地利用扩展的对比研究

对比北京、天津在各个历史时期的城市核心区建成区的范围,结果发现北京在本世纪上半叶城市核心区总体上扩展速度非常缓慢,个别时段内甚至趋于倒退;相反,天津建成区却是迅速扩张的。造成上述差别的原因主要是二城市在城市性质、城市化驱动机制和帝国主义在华投资政策不同所致。     

21世纪人文地理科学的发展趋势分析及预测研究

本文在分析21世纪地理科学总体发展趋势基础上,并结合人文地理科学发展历程及面临时势,进一步探讨人文地理科学的发展前景和趋势。指出:要加强人文地理科学核心领域研究;区域与区域发展赋予新内涵;要拓展人文地理科学实践领域并加强综合研究;随着计算机、遥感技术的应用,积极推进人文地理科学计量化发展;深化人文地理科学全方位与国际接轨等。     

新世纪烟台城市形象定位的研究

本文在论述了烟台市拥有优越葡萄种植条件和悠久的栽培历史、中国葡萄酒业驰名商标和庞大的企业群体以及一流葡萄酒庄和中国唯一的葡萄酒文化博物馆等条件的基础上,提出了新世纪烟台市的城市形象定位应是"现代化国际葡萄酒城"。指出确立这一定位不仅对城市发展而且对葡萄酒企业的壮大,特别是对三大产业的拉动作用,从而全面振兴烟台市的经济都将产生巨大的推动作用。最后,围绕发展农业产业化经营,立足于产地化建设;优化整合,依靠群体知名度;发展葡萄酒旅游,提升葡萄酒节的规格,全面塑造葡萄酒城的形象等三个方面,提出了建设"现代化国际葡萄酒城"的具体构想。