发展繁荣社会主义文化的成功之路--"双百"方针、"二为"方向述论

从毛泽东到邓小平,从1956年提出"百花齐放,百家争鸣"的方针到1980年提出"文艺为人民服务,为社会主义服务"的方向,他们把马克思主义与中国革命和建设的实践相结合,制定了一套完整的社会主义文艺的总方针、总政策.在贯彻实施过程中,又根据实际情况提出"古为今用,洋为中用"等具体方针、政策、要求、办法,为中国探索出了一条发展繁荣社会主义文化的成功之路.     

The Double Life of Development: Empowerment,USAID and the Maoist Uprising in Nepal

The geographies of developmental empowerment and subaltern rebellion have unexpectedly overlapped and expanded rapidly in recent years, especially in peasant societies in the global South. By examining the relationship between the long history of development programmes and the emergence of the Maoist revolution in Nepal in the 1990s, this article demonstrates how developmental ideas, particularly the notion of empowerment, can be articulated politically. The author argues that development has a double life in which development subjectivities are reproduced through the simultaneous processes of enrolment and othering, generating the conditions of subordination for development's own reproduction. Development can generate the possibility of rebellion by creating negative consciousness of the process of othering. This article contributes to the growing literature on rebellion and development by showing how development, while striving for hegemony, continuously produces fissures in geographically specific ways that can become portals for the emergence of rebellious possibilities.     

Double Displacement: Western Women's Return Home from Japanese Internment in the Second World War

This article examines the homecoming of Western women from Japanese internment camps at the end of the Second World War. It focuses on British women returning to the United Kingdom, but makes reference to women from other Allied nations such as the United States, Australia and the Netherlands. The paper argues that interned women posed contradictions to gendered understandings of wartime experience and that homecoming further exacerbated this ambiguity. Return from imprisonment exposed the dual meaning of home as the natural realm for women and a national space. Women internees had been away from both and were subjected to control by non‐white men; responses to their liberation reflected these tensions. Homecoming prompted questions about released women's femininity and sexual integrity, but they faced even more difficulty having their war experiences recognised as part of a national story about war.     

Rethinking the Double Movement: Expanding the Frontiers of Polanyian Analysis in the Global South

Over the last two decades a rich and diverse body of literature has emerged which uses the ‘double movement’ to analyse social, political and economic change in the global South. The main aims of this article are to expand the boundaries of this scholarship and improve our understanding of how to use the concept to analyse capitalist development in the region. It seeks to achieve this by explaining and extending the original formulation of the double movement, creating a dialogue between scholars who follow alternative readings of the concept, and proposing a revised formulation which builds on the existing literature while moving in new directions. The article concludes by signposting potentially fruitful areas of Polanyian analysis.     

马克思历史理论的双重内涵及其文化学意义

马克思是在双重的涵义上阐述其历史理论的 :在形而上的层面 ,他把人类历史的发展划分为人与人相互依赖、人与物相互依赖和人的自由自觉的存在三个阶段 ;在现实的层面 ,他强调对人类社会发展的具体分析 ,区分了东西方两种不同的发展道路。这两个方面是统一的 ,其中起核心作用的是人自身发展的三阶段理论。马克思对人自身发展阶段的划分 ,具有深刻的文化学意义 ,它为我们研究人类文化模式的演进提供了一个标准。依此 ,我们可以将文化模式分为前现代的文化模式、现代的文化模式和未来的文化模式。后现代文化在某种意义上是对前现代文化模式的回复 ,并未超越现代文化。     

新时期国内旅游抗周期性及双对数需求弹性分析

2000年以来,我国人均收入超过1000美元,国内旅游进入快速增长期,呈现抗周期性的新特征。本文在形态指标分析的基础上,界定了旅游业抗周期的概念及两种表现形式。相关统计数据实证检验发现,2003年SARS危机后,2004年国内旅游强力反弹,2009年国民经济进入低谷期后国内旅游率先恢复,形成一种受短期波动影响较小的惯性增长。同时,本文依据1994年～2012年时间序列数据建立了双对数模型,分析全国及城市居民国内旅游收入弹性和价格弹性,结果显示,收入需求弹性大于价格需求弹性,收入增长对居民国内旅游的推动作用大于价格的限制,形成了“刚性”的旅游需求,这是新时期国内旅游迅猛增长及抗周期性形成的根本原因。     

Hauling Down the Double Standard: Feminism,Social Purity and Sexual Science in Late Nineteenth‐Century Britain

Nineteenth‐century feminism and the related social purity movement, and the emergent scientific discourse of ‘sexology’, are usually seen as antagonistic. Both trends, in fact, were in profound opposition to the widespread assumption that the double moral standard was an embodiment of ‘natural’ transhistorical law. This article suggests that feminist agitation against the Contagious Diseases Acts of the 1860s (and other manifestations of the deleterious legal status of women) overtly attacked unthinking social assumptions about sex and gender, destabilising concepts about the naturalness of the existing sexual system and creating the context for the pioneers of sexology to interrogate even further accepted notions of gender and sexuality.     

从国际移民到跨国离散:基于北京的加拿大华人研究的“双重离散”理论建构

论文以早先从中国移民加拿大,后又从加拿大回流中国北京的华人为研究对象,对他们的"双重离散"经历进行理论建构。论文认为,在全球化以及现代通信和交通运输技术发展的影响下,加拿大华人国际化流动的程度日益加深。其跨国移民经历可以归类为"双重离散"——一种超越民族和国家主义界限的混合型经验。双重离散者具有一系列的双重性:他们既是中国人又是加拿大人,既是离散者又是回流者。他们作为文化与经济中介在中加两国之间扮演着双重角色。而这些移民的定居不是最终的,而是多向循环的。"双重离散"理论摒弃了有关离散的原有概念,而将离散视为异质化的、冲突的社会形式,提供了理解跨国移民行为以及展现归属多元路径的另一种框架。     

1958至1960年艾森豪威尔政府对印尼的“双轨政策”

1958—1960年,艾森豪威尔政府确立了同时与苏加诺以及印尼陆军发展关系的“双轨”政策。该政策是美国对印尼政策演变的一个重要环节,奠定了美国对苏加诺政权政策的基础。双轨政策是在意识到美国对印尼政策目标和政策手段有限、美印(尼)关系具有较强不确定性和较多制约性因素的背景下制定的,带有浓厚的过渡色彩。双轨政策的确立,标志着美国开始调整与印尼民族主义的关系。美国对印尼政策的重点由促使印尼走上与西方联合、共同反共的道路,转向了利用印尼民族主义,抑制印尼共,阻止印尼与东方阵营的联合。     

唐五代墓葬所见墓龙

墓龙是唐五代墓葬中神煞俑的一种,造型为双人首(或兽首)由拱起的蛇身连接。墓龙最早出现在唐高宗年间的河东道潞州地区(今山西长治),高宗至玄宗时期又在今河北、河南、湖南、辽宁等地有所分布,唐末五代时期则主要出现在江苏地区。结合相关文献资料和其他出土遗物可知,墓龙的出现和分布与人口的迁徙有密切关系。     

宋崔白双喜图与磁州窑枕上的玉兔纹饰

之所以写下这个题目,是因为在传世的数百方磁州窑白地黑花枕上的纹饰中,很少有几方枕是画玉免纹饰的。这就使我对看到过的这几方枕上的玉免纹饰画面始终久放不下,在脑海里常常浮现,与宋代崔白《双喜图》中玉免的形象不断地进行重合且反复的显现。磁州窑征宋元时期受到宋代院体画派的影响,并且有文人参加。换言之,宋代的院体画家曾经参与影响了磁州窑的创作。而磁州窑的工匠们,这些长期生活任社会底层的人民,由于其对生活的热爱,画其所爱,笔触他们所熟悉的生活图像,在一定程度上也影响和推动了宋代院体画家的创作。     

双重政治文化认同的困境--解读梁启超民族国家思想

本文试图从政治文化认同的角度来解读梁启超民族国家思想的困境。笔者认为,在近代国家观念建构与民族共同体的认同两个层面上,梁启超的政治文化认同出现了分离,即双重认同,这使其民族国家思想蕴含着难以克服的矛盾,进而使自己陷于两种选择的困境中。     

“双十节”纪念中振兴实业之呼声——近代工商界纪念辛亥革命之特点

在近代中国双十节纪念中,工商界始终是较为重要的民间社会力量之一,并且体现出较为明显的特点。其所谈论的话题主要并非政治方面的内容,而是与经济密切相关。工商界除了在双十节纪念中感慨辛亥革命之后的实业衰败,也借此特殊政治场域从各方面大力呼吁振兴实业,并借助双十节促销国货,从而使商业与政治得以有机结合,产生独特的作用与影响,这也从一个侧面反映了以往忽略的辛亥革命在中国历史上所具有的长久而持续的积极作用。