Copulation,conception and deception in aboriginal Australia

Ashley Montagu. Coming Into Being among the Australian Aborigines: A Study of the Procreative Beliefs of the Native Tribes of Australia. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1974. Revised and Expanded Second Edition, xi + 426 pp., figures, notes, bibliography, and index.     

权威、法律权威与权威制约

权威范式是任何国家及其民众之必需。然而,权威具有创益和损益的双面孔,其不仅成为世人的福音,也可能转化为明的灾难。理性的态度应为：既要固守与阐发权威的专长,同时也要防止权威在界域之外的泛滥。同时,我们也需要塑造法律权威,并以此实现以权威制约权威,形成权威制约之循环圈,以符合生生相克之理。     

Abandonment,Authority, and Religious Continuity in Post-Classical Greece

Scholars have frequently invoked the abandonment of Early Christian basilicas in the sixth and seventh centuries as key evidence for the end of antiquity in Greece. The standard narrative treats the archaeological evidence for abandonment as the physical manifestation of decline recorded in textual sources. The neat equivalency between archaeology and text ignores the role that abandonment plays in the narrative strategies of the textual sources. By reexamining the tie between text and archaeology, we can read the life cycle of the Early Christian basilica in Greece more critically and consequently expand our understanding of this dynamic period in Greek history.     

The Myth of Authority and the Authority of Myth

The view of local governors in the Russian Empire as all-powerful is overly simplistic and cannot in itself explain the Russian Revolution of 1917.     

Rowley on the aboriginal condition

C. D. Rowley, Aboriginal Policy and Practice, Australian National University Press, Canberra, 1970–71: Volume I, The Destruction of Aboriginal Society, pp. xii + 430; Volume II, Outcasts in White Australia, pp. xiv + 472; Volume III, The Remote Aborigines, pp. vii + 379. $6.50 per volume. All three also in Penguin, Melbourne, 1972, at $2.50 per volume.     

Power,property, and preservation

MacKenzie, Melody Kapilialoha, ed. Native Hawaiian Rights Handbook. Honolulu: Native Hawaiian Legal Corporation, 1991. xi + 320 pp. including notes, glossary, table of cases, and index [distributed by University of Hawaii Press]. $25.00 paper.

Price, H. Marcus. Disputing the Dead: U.S. Law on Aboriginal Remains and Grave Goods. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1991. ix + 136 pp. including appendix and bibliography. $37.50 cloth.

West, Patrick C. and Steven R. Brechin, eds. Resident Peoples and National Parks: Social Dilemmas and Strategies in International Conservation. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1991. xxiv + 443 pp. including bibliography and index. $29.95 cloth.     

Authors, Editors and Authority in the Postmodern Academy

Textbooks are presented, by their authors and publishers, as authoritative statements regarding the nature of a scientific discipline or sub-discipline: in Kuhn's words, they are the "vehicles for the perpetuation of normal science." One of the main contributions of postmodern and poststructuralist thought, however, has been to challenge the nature of power and authority in the academy, a challenge that has been widely taken up in contemporary geographical research. There has been much less impact on textbook production and other teaching resources, however, where the "authority of the disembodied scholar" still holds sway. This is illustrated with respect to readers, collections of both original and reprinted pieces (the latter often in abridged form) where editorial authority ("this is what I think you should read") is frequently as firm as its predecessor, authorial authority. The reasons for this are sought in contemporary developments in higher education.     

Why foragers choose acorns before salmon: Storage,mobility, and risk in aboriginal California

Despite the enormous potential of anadromous fish, foragers do not mass extract and store salmonids until very late in the archaeological record of California. Acorns, by contrast, were intensively used quite early in the record. Salmon are traditionally viewed as a low cost, high ranking resource, and acorns as a high cost, low ranking resource. The question thus arises: why were salmon not used and stored en masse much earlier? We offer a solution using a simple foraging model that distinguishes resources on their storage as well as overall cost, making it possible to calculate the risk of resource caching, which appears to have delayed intensive salmon procurement in California.     

Bridewealth,dowry, property,and economics

Jack Goody and S. J. Tambiah. Bridewealth and Dowry. Cambridge Papers in Social Anthropology 7. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1973. ix + 169 pp. Tables, figures, notes, and bibliography. $11.50.     

现代化进程中的民主与威权--对巴西1964年军事政变经济根源的个案研究

根据传统的西方现代化理论,欠发达社会的现代化进程中,经济发展与政治民主是同步发展、相互促进的。但20世纪60年代以来非西方国家的政治发展现实对这一观点提出了挑战。在巴西,经济现代化带来了威权主义,而非民主政治。其原因在于巴西的现代化模式进口替代工业化的发展过程中,必然出现通货膨胀和国际收支危机,经济的进一步发展要求首先实行经济紧缩,而经济上的紧缩则要求政治上的权威。巴西1964年的政变虽只是一个个案,但它表明,不能用西方现代化“和谐的”、“直线的”道路来分析第三世界国家的现代化。     

福建土著文化内涵中的海洋性

“中国文化”与“中原文化”的界限往往被人忽视,将“中国文化”等同于“中原文化”导致在人们的中华文明概念中很少有区域文化的成分。事实上“中原文化”只是“中国文化”的一部分,而不是全部。中国东南地区的百越文化也应是中国文化的重要组成部分,这在于“中国东南沿海自古即有一海洋文化圈”犤1犦,福建作为百越中闽越族的活动中心,以其显著的海洋性为中华文明做出了不可磨灭的贡献。