Educational

EUROPE

Flight into Portugal. By R. Bodley. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xi+224. London : Jarrolds Ltd., 1941. Price 16s.

Heart of Spain. By G. G. King. Illustrated. 10×7. Pp. 179. Cambridge, Mass. : Harvard University Press, 1941. Price $3.00.

Snowdonia through the Lens. By W. A. Poucher. Illustrated. Fcap. fol. Pp. 124. London : Chapman &; Hall Ltd., 1941. Price 18s.

The Land of Britain. Edited by L. D. Stamp. London : Geographical Publications, 1941. Price 1s. 6d each.

At Slieve Gullion's Foot. By W. J. Murphy. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.115. 1940. Price 3s. 6d.

On Our Hill. By Annette Barlee. Illustrated. Small 4to. Pp. 100. Price 3s. 6d. Dundalgan Press, Dundalk.

English Woodland. By John Rodgers. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xii+132. London : Batsford, 1942. Price 10s. 6d.

The Nazi New Order in Poland. By Jon Evans. Demy 8vo. Pp.184. London : Victor Gollancz Ltd., 1941. Price 6s.

Russia in Flux. By Sir John Maynard. Demy 8vo. Pp. 301. London : Victor Gollancz Ltd., 1941. Price 7s. 6d.

AMERICA

Ports of Piscataqua. By W. S. Saltonstall. Illustrated. 11×7#fr1/2>. Pp. viii+244. Cambridge, Mass. : Harvard University Press, 1941. Price 20s.

Cape Horn. By F. Riesenberg. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 487. London : Robert Hale Ltd., 1941. Price 18s.

ASIA

Dawn Watch in China. By Joy Homer. Demy 8vo. Pp. 288. London : Collins Ltd., 1941. Price 12s. 6d.

Soviet Asia : Progress and Problems. By E. S. Bates. Map. Demy 8vo. Pp.191. London : Jonathan Cape Ltd., 1942. Price 8s. 6d.

GENERAL

After C.T. Studd. By N. Grubb. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.185. London : R.T.S., 1941. Price 3s. 6d.

Economic Geography. By C. F. Jones. Illustrated. Crown fcap. Pp. xxii+626. New York : The Macmillan Company Ltd., 1941. Price $4.25.

Geography and World Power. By J. Fairgrieve. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 376. London : Univ. of London Press, 1941. Price 7s. 6d.

The Earth and its Resources. By Finch, Trewartha, and Shearer. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 634. New York and London: M'Graw‐Hill Book Co. Price 17s.

Wanderings with a Shotgun. By Sir Edward Durand. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 184. London : Jarrolds Ltd., 1942. Price 16s.

British Mountaineers. By F. S. Smythe. Illustrated. 9×6#fr1/2>. Pp.48. London : Collins Ltd. Price 4s. 6d.     

The Aberdeen University expedition to Cyrenaica, 1951. Part II: The oasis of Jalo

Mountain Madness. By Winifred Fortescue. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 176. Edinburgh: W. Blackwood and Sons Ltd., 1943. Price 10s. 6d.

Travel in England. By T. Burke. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 154. London: Batsford, 1943. Price 10s. 6d.

The Home Counties. By S. P. B. Mais. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 136. London: Batsford, 1943. Price 10s. 6d.

My Travels Through Chad. By P. O. Lapie. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 198. London: John Murray, 1943. Price 10s.

The Unconquered Isle: Malla, By Ian Hay. Pp. 208, with 33 Illustrations and 2 Maps. London: Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1943. Price 7s. 6d. net.

The British Empire: Its Structure and Spirit. By Eric A. Walker. Pp. 250. London: Oxford University Press, 1943. Price 12s. 6d.

Man and His World. By Dr. James Mainwaring, M.A., D.Litt., F.R.H.S. Illustrated. Vol. I. The Evolution of the Old World. Pp.250. Vol. II. The Evolution of the Modern World. Pp.340. London, 1943.

A Portrait of Canada. By J. H. Stembridge. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.164. London: Humphrey Milford at the Oxford University Press, 1943. Price 10s. 6d.

Return to Happiness. By J. Lied. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xi+318. London: Macmillan and Co. Ltd., 1943. Price 18s.

Federalism and the Small States. By Sir J. A. R. Marriott. Demy 8vo. Pp. 123. London: George Allen and Unwin Ltd., 1943. Price 5s.

A Short History of Canada for Americans. By A. L. Burt. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xvi+279. University of Minnesota Press and Humphrey Milford, London, 1943. Price $3.00.

Greenland. By Vilhjalmur Stefansson. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. London: George G. Harrap and Co. Ltd., 1943. Price 12s. 6d.

Headhunting in the Solomons. By Caroline Mytinger. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 334. London: Macmillan and Co. Ltd., 1943. Price 151.

The World To‐day. By Barbara Ward. Illustrated. 7 1/2 × 4 1/2. Pp. 121. London: Oxford University Press and H. Milford, 1943. Price 3s. 6d.

Traveller from Tokio. By John Morris. Demy 8vo. Pp. 163. London: Cresset Press, 1943. Price 10s. 6d.

Igloo for the Night. By T. Manning. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 252. London: Hodder and Stoughton Ltd, 1943. Price 5s.     

The Amundsen expedition to the magnetic pole

AFRICA

Behind God's Back. By N. Farson. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 448. London : Victor Gollancz Ltd., 1940. Price 10s. 6d.

EUROPE

The Place‐Names of Nottinghamshire. By J. E. B. Gover, Allen Mawer, and F. M. Stenton. Demy 8vo. Pp. xlii+348. London : Cambridge University Press Ltd., 1940. Price 21s.

Prehistoric England. By Grahame Clarke. Illustrated. Pp. viii+120. London : B. T. Batsford Ltd., 1940. Price 8s. 6d.

Lincolnshire in the 17th and 18th Centuries. By Charles Brears. Demy 8vo. Pp. xv+192. London : A. Brown and Sons Ltd., 1940. Price 7s. 6d.

AMERICA

The American Empire. A Study of the Outlying Territories of the United States. Edited by William H. Hass. Illustrated. Pp. xi+408. University of Chicago Press, 1940. (Published in Great Britain by the Cambridge University Press Ltd.) Price 24s.

I Lived with the Eskimos. By S. Montague. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. ix+223. London : Jarrolds Ltd., 1940. Price 12s. 6d.

Arctic Pilot. By Walter Gilbert, as told to Kathleen Shackleton. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 256. London : T. Nelson and Sons Ltd., 1940. Price 7s. 6d.

ASIA

Old Routes of Western Iran. By Sir Aurel Stein. Illustrated. Imperial 8vo. Pp. xxviii+432. London: Macmillan and Co. Ltd., 1940. Price 42s.

The New Burma. By W. J. Grant. Crown 8vo. Pp. 156. London: George Allen and Unwin Ltd., 1940. Price 7s. 6d.

AUSTRALASIA

Australia. By Griffith Taylor. Demy 8vo. Pp. xv+455. London : Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1940. Price 21s.

GENERAL

The Story of the Pacific. By H. van Loon. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.315. London : George G. Harrap and Co. Ltd., 1940. Price 8s. 6d.

Coconut Quest. By J. S. Phillips. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 254. London : Jarrolds Ltd., 1940. Price 16s.

Ten Great Mountains. By R. L. G. Irvine. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xii+213. London : J. M. Dent and Sons Ltd., 1940. Price 12s. 6d.

Helvellyn to Himalaya. By F. S. Chapman. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xv+285. London : Chatto and Windus, 1940. Price 18s.

A Long Look Back. By Two Victorians. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 256. London : Seeley Service Ltd., 1940. Price 12s. 6d.

I Married Adventure. By Osa Johnson. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 376. London: Hutchinson and Co. Ltd., 1940. Price 10s. 6d.

Rolling Home. By Surgeon‐Commander A. G. Bee. Demy 8vo. Pp. xi+495. London: Bale, 1940.

Savoy ! Corsica ! Tunis ! By Bernard Newman. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 282. London : Herbert Jenkins Ltd., 1940. Price 10s. 6d.

Courtship and Display among Birds. By C. D. Stonor. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.xv+139. London: Country Life Ltd., 1940. Price 8s. 6d.

Old Morningside. By Wm. Mair. Illustrated. Pp. 40. Edinburgh : John Menzies and Co. Ltd., 1940. Price 1s.

English Lakeland. By Doreen Wallace. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. viii+120. London : B. T. Batsford Ltd., 1940. Price 8s. 6d.

Chiltern Country. By H. J. Massingham. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. viii + 120. London : B. T. Batsford Ltd., 1940. Price 8s. 6d.

Middlesex. By Arthur Mee. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. ix+232. London: Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1940. Price 7s. 6d.

EDUCATIONAL

Map Approach to Modern Problems, tgig‐iggg. By W. E. Coysh and A. W. Brown. Small quarto. Pp. 64. London : University Tutorial Press, 1940. Price 2s. 3d.

Elements of Political Geography. By S. van Valkenburgh. With Maps. Imperial 8vo. Pp. xix+401. London: Pitmans Ltd., 1940. Price 18s.

Economic Geography. By C. Colby and A. Foster. Illustrated. Imperial 8vo. Boston (U.S.A.) : Ginn and Co., 1940. Price 10s. 6d.

Synopsis of the Mineral Resources of Scotland. By M. Macgregor and Others. Special Reports on the Mineral Resources of Great Britain, Vol. xxxiii, 59 pages. One Text Figure. H.M. Stationery Office. Price 1s.

A Map Book of Africa and South America. By A. Ferriday. London: Macmillan and Co. Ltd., 1940. Price 1s. 9d.

Outlines of Structural Geology. By E. S. Hills. Illustrated. Crown 8vo. Pp. x+172. London : Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1940. Price 6s. 6d.

Asia and Australia. By A. Mamour. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 348. London: Macmillan and Co. Ltd., 1940.

The World and Ourselves. By E. White. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 207. Edinburgh: W. and A. K. Johnston Ltd., 1940. Price 2s. 9d.     

Madagascar

EUROPE

Light and Shade in France. By Moma Clarke. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. ix+236. London : John Murray, 1939. A Cheap Edition. Price 5s.

Historic Thorn Trees in the British Isles. By Vaughan Cornish, D.Sc. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 94. London : Country Life Ltd. Price 8s. 6d.

History under Fire. By J. Pope‐Hennessy. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. viii+117. London : Batsford Ltd., 1941. Price 8s. 6d.

Front to Back. By Hector MacQuarrie. With an Introduction by Nora Waln. Demy 8vo. Pp. 286. London : Jonathan Cape Ltd., 1941. Price 8s. 6d. net.

The West Highlands and the Hebrides. By Alfred Harker. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xxiii+127. London: Cambridge University Press, 1941. Price 8s. 6d.

The Church and Parish of Liff. By A. B. Dalgetty. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.93. Dundee: Harley and Cox, 1941. Price 6s.

The Verge of Western Lakeland. By William T. Palmer. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.252. London: Robert Hale Ltd., 1941. Price 12s. 6d.

Norway the Northern Playground. By W. C. Slingsby. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 227. London : Blackwells, 1941. Price 7s. 6d.

Polish Panorama. By Lewitt‐Him. Illustrated. Pp. 143. London: Kolin (Publishers) Ltd., and Faber and Faber Ltd., 1941. Price 8s. 6d.

Iceland, Past and Present. By Björn Thórdarson. Crown 4to. Pp. 47. London : Oxford University Press, 1941. Price 1s. net.

Captured. By Bessie Myers. Demy 8vo. Pp. 256. London : Harrap and Co. Ltd., 1941. Price 8s. 6d.

Tales of the Tatras. By Kazimierz Przerwa‐Tetjamer. Crown 8vo. Pp. 189. London: Faber and Faber Ltd., 1941. Price 7s. 6d.

The Land of the Rainbow. By Violet Mason. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.322. London : Minerva Publishing Co. Ltd., 1941. Price 7s. 6d.

Europe's Trade. Economic Intelligence Service. Pp. 116. Geneva: League of Nations, 1941.

Ferox and Char in the Lochs of Scotland : An Inquiry. By R. P. Hardie. Demy 8vo. Pp. xviii+226. Edinburgh : Oliver and Boyd Ltd., 1940. Price 7s. 6d.

The Fall of the Tear. By H. J. Massingham. Demy 8vo. Pp.220. London: Chapman and Hall Ltd., 1941. Price 6s.

Escape from France. By “Claire.” Demy 8vo. Pp. 117. London : Robert Hale Ltd., 1941. Price 2s. 6d.

The Ukraine: A History. By W. E. D. Allen. With Maps. Demy 8vo. Pp. xvi+404. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Ltd., 1941. Price 21s.

Yorkshire : East Riding with York. By Arthur Mee. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. ix+266. London : Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1941. Price 7s. 6d.

Yorkshire: West Riding. By Arthur Mee. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. x+443. London : Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1941. Price 10s. 6d.

Yorkshire: North Riding. By Arthur Mee. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. ix+275. London : Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1941. Price 7s. 6d.

AFRICA

South Africa Fights. By J. M. Simpson. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xv+256. London : Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1941. Price 7s. 6d.

Congo Doctor. By W. E. Davis. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. vii+286. London: Robert Hale Ltd., 1941. Price 12s. 6d.

From Hobo to Cannibal King. By C. J. Thornhill. Demy 8vo. Pp.319. London : Stanley Paul Ltd., 1941. Price 2s. 6d.

In Morocco with the Legion. By G. Ward Price. Demy 8vo. Pp.288. London : Jarrolds Ltd., 1941. Price 2s. 6d.

Focus on Africa. By R. U. Light. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xii+228. New York : American Geographical Society, 1941.

African Intrigue. By A. Bateson. Demy 8vo. Pp. 288. London: Jarrolds Ltd., 1941. Price 2s. 6d.

Beyond the Smoke that Thunders. By L. P. Cullen. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.341. London: Oxford University Press, 1941. Price 15s.

AMERICA

Canada. By Lady Tweedsmuir. Medium 8vo. Illustrated. Pp. 48. London : Collins Ltd., 1941. Price 3s. 6d.

Voodoo Fire in Hayti. By R. A. Loederer. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 283. London : Jarrolds Ltd., 1941. Price 2s. 6d.

Kabloona. By Gontran de Poncins. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 320. London : Jonathan Cape Ltd., 1941. Price 12s. 6d.

They Get Their Man. By P. H. Godsell. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 287. London : Robert Hale Ltd., 1941. Price 12s. 6d.

Bushmaster. By Nicol Smith. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 320. London : Gollancz Ltd., 1941. Price 16s.

ASIA

North of Singapore. By Carveth Wells. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 267. London : Jarrolds Ltd., 1941. Price 19s.

The Tower of Five Glories. By C. P. Fitzgerald. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.280. London: Cresset Press, 1941. Price 16s.

Mongol Journeys By Owen Lattimore. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 284. London : Jonathan Cape Ltd., 1941. Price 12s. 6d.

Green Prison. By Leigh Williams. Demy 8vo. Pp. 252. London : Herbert Jenkins Ltd., 1941. Price 12s. 6d.

Dawn Watch in China. By Joy Homer. Demy 8vo. Pp.288. London : Collins Ltd., 1941. Price 12s. 6d.

GENERAL

Air Navigation. By F. G. Brown, B.A., B.Sc. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.374. London: Chapman and Hall Ltd., 1941. Price 33s.

Outposts of War. By Gordon Young. Cr. 8vo. Pp. 252. London: Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1941. Price 5s.

Adventure is My Business. By F. W. De Valda. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.251. London : Herbert Jenkins Ltd., 1941. Price 12s. 6d.

Quest. By George Dibbern. Demy 8vo. Pp. 421. London : The Bodley Head Ltd., 1941. Price 12s. 6d.

The Mountain Vision. By Frank Smythe. Illustrated. Pp. 308. London : Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1941. Price 18s.

The Bases of a World Commonwealth. By C. B. Fawcett. Demy 8vo. Pp. xi+167. London : Watts and Co., 1941. Price 7s. 6d.

EDUCATIONAL

Wales : A Study in Geography and History. By E. G. Bown. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xvi+182. Cardiff: Univ. of Wales Press Board. Price 3s. 6d.

France. By John Finnemore. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. vi+90. London : A. and C. Black Ltd., 1941. Price 1s. 6d.     

George G. Chisholm: His influence on university and school geography

EUROPE

I Saw Two Englands. 2nd edition. By H. V. Morton. Demy 8vo. London : Methucn and Co. Ltd. Price 9s. 6d.

The German Lebensraum. By Robert E. Dickinson. Pp. 223. Penguin Special.

Scottish Pilgrimage in the Land of Lost Content. By Radcliffe Barnett. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. x+207. Edinburgh: John Grant, 1943. Price 6s.

Wild Life of Britain. By F. Fraser Darling. Illustrated. 4to. Pp.48. London : Collins Ltd., 1943. Price 4s. 6d.

France. By P. Maiixaud. Illustrated. 4#fr1/2>×7#fr1/2>. Pp.138. London : Oxford University Press, 1943. Price 3s. 6d.

The Economic Reconstruction of Lithuania after 1918. By A. Simutis. Demy 8vo. Pp. 148. New York and London : Columbia University Press and Humphrey Milford, 1943.

Orientations. By Ronald Storrs. Definitive Edition. London : Nicholson and Watson, 1943. Price 10s. 6d.

ASIA

The Gobi Desert. By Mildred Cable with Francesca French. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.301. London: Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1943. Price 21s.

Polynesians : Explorers of the Pacific. By J. E. Weckley. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 77. Washington : Smithsonian Institution, 1943.

Girlhood in the Pacific. By Mrs. Shane Leslie. London : Macdonald and Co. Price 10s. 6d.

Dawn in Siberia. By G. D. R. Phillips. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 196. London : Frederick Muller, 1943. Price 8s. 6d.

My India, My West. By Dr. Krishnalal Shridharani.

Growing Up in New Guinea. By Margaret Mead. Pelican Books, 1942.

India. By T. A. Raman. Illustrated. 4#fr1/2>×#fr1/2>. Pp.140. London: Humphrey Milford at the Oxford University Press, 1943. Price 3s. 6d.

Report from Tokyo. By J. C. Grew. Demy 8vo. Pp.103. New York : Simon and Schuster, 1943. Price 2s. 6d.

AFRICA

Diary of a District Officer. By K. Bradley. Demy 8vo. Pp. 192. London : George G. Harrap and Co. Ltd. Price 5s.

Libyan Log. By E. G. Ogilvie. Illustrated. 4#fr1/2>×7#fr1/2>. Pp.103. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd Ltd., 1943. Price 51.

North Africa. By A. H. Brodrick. Illustrated. 4#fr1/2>×7#fr1/2>. Pp.97. London: Oxford University Press, 1943. Price 3s. 6d.

Across Madagascar. By Olive Murray Chapman. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 144. London : Burrows, 1943. Price 9s. 6d.

Dead Men Do Tell Tales. By Byron de Prorok. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.221. London : George G. Harrap and Co. Ltd., 1943. Price 10s. 6d.

AMERICA

Canada. By B. K. Sandweix. Illustrated. Pp.124. 7#fr1/2>×4#fr1/2> London: Oxford University Press, 1943. Price 3s. 6d.

Exploring the Little Rivers of New Jersey. By James and Margaret Cawley. Princeton : Princeton University Press.

South America, with Mexico and Central America. By J. B. Trend. Illustrated. 7#fr1/2>×4#fr1/2>. Pp. 128. London : Oxford University Press, 1942. Price 3s. 6d.

Green Fire. By P. W. Rainier. Demy 8vo. Pp. viii+216. London: John Murray, 1943. Price 12s. 6d.

GENERAL

Climatic Accidents in Landscape‐making. By C. A. Cotton. Illustrated. Pp. xx+354. Wellington and London: Whitecombe and Tombs, 1942. Price 301.

Half a Life. By Major C. S. Jarvis. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. viii+216. London: John Murray, 1943. Price 15s.

Scottish Gaelic Studies. Vol. V, Part II. Demy 8vo. Pp. 198. London : Basil Blackwell, 1942. Price 9s.

Auld Reekie. By A. A. MacGregor. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. ix+204. London: Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1943. Price 12s. 6d.

A Journey to Gibraltar. By R. Henrey. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. vi + 169. London : J. M. Dent and Sons Ltd., 1943. Price 12s. 6d.

EDUCATIONAL

Teach Tourself Geography. By J. C. Kingsland and W. B. Cornish. Pp. 287. London : English Universities Press Ltd., 1943. Price 3s.     

Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Atlas of Medieval Jewish History: Haim Beinart The Illustrated Atlas of Jerusalem: Dan Bahat with Chaim T. Rubinstein     

The first English map of India

EUROPE

Somerset. By Arthur Mee. Illustrated. Map. Demy 8vo. Pp. ix+483. Price 10s. 6d.

Cambridge. By J. Stegmann. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. vii+120. Price 10s. 6d.

The Streets of London. By T. Burke. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xii+152. Price 10s. 6d.

Curiosities of Town and Countryside. By E. Vale. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. viii+152. Price 10s. 6d.

The English Countryside. By Various Writers. Illustrated. Crown 8vo. Pp. 250. Price 6s.

Corn Country. By C. H. Warren. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. viii+136. Price 7s. 6d.

Red Hell. By J. Ameel. Demy 8vo. Pp. 316. London : Robert Hale Ltd., 1941. Price 12s. 6d.

The Way to an Island. By R. M. Rockley. Demy 8vo. Illustrated. Pp. xi+208. London : J. M. Dent and Sons Ltd., 1941. Price 7s. 6d.

If I Laugh. By R. Downing. Demy 8vo. Pp. 224. London : George G. Harrap and Co. Ltd., 1941. Price 8s. 6d.

The Eastern March Lands of Europe. By H. G. Wanklyn. Demy 8vo. Pp. xxiii+356. London : Philip and Son Ltd., 1941. Price 12s 6d.

The Place Names of West Lothian. By Angus Macdonald, M.A., Ph.D. Demy 8vo. Pp. xv+179. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd Ltd., 1941. Price 15s.

Where the Shannon River Flows. By Richard Hayward. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 327. London : George G. Harrap and Co. Ltd., 1940. Price 12s. 6d.

My Alpine Album. By F. Smythe. Illustrated. Imperial 8vo. Pp. 147. London : A. and C. Black Ltd., 1940. Price 12s. 6d.

Living Space. By Stoyan Pribichevich. Demy 8vo. Pp. ix+362. London : William Heinemann Ltd., 1940. Price 15s.

Lundy, Isle of Puffins. By R. Perry. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 267. London : Lindsay Drummond, 1940. Price 12s. 6d.

Estonia. By J. H. Jackson. Demy 8vo. Pp. 248. London : George Allen and Unwin Ltd., 1941. Price 12s. 6d.

AFRICA

Africa Pilot. The Hydrographic Department of the Admiralty. The West Coast from Rio del Rey to Cape Hang Klip. The islands off the coast include St. Helena and Ascension. Ninth Edition, 1939.

Pattern in Black and White. By E. Bigland. Demy 8vo. Pp. 160. London : Lindsay Drummond, 1941. Price 6s.

Surveyor's Trek. By D. Anderson. Demy 8vo. Pp. 326. London : Faber and Faber Ltd., 1940. Price 10s. 6d.

Thomas Baines. By J. P. R. Wallis. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.351. London : Jonathan Cape Ltd., 1941. Price 12s 6d.

Independent Egypt. By Amine Youssef Bey. Demy 8vo. Pp. xxiv+272. London : John Murray, 1941. Price 15s.

AMERICA

The Prodigious Caribbean. By Rosita Forbes. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.314. London : Cassell and Co. Ltd., 1940. Price 15s.

This Way Southward. By A. F. Tschiffely. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xvi+354. London : William Heinemann Ltd., 1940. Price 15s.

Mexico. A New Spain with Old Friends. By J. B. Trend. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 185. London : Cambridge University Press Ltd., 1940. Price 12s. 6d.

Voice from the Wilderness. By R. W. Thompson. Demy 8vo. Pp. 360. London : Faber and Faber Ltd., 1940. Price 12s. 6d.

Back of Beyond. By H. Noice. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 253, London : George G. Harrap and Co. Ltd., 1940. Price 8s. 6d.

Southward Ho ! By W. La Varre. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 258. London : William Heinemann Ltd., 1940. Price 12s. 6d.

ASIA

Oriental Assembly. By T. E. Lawrence. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xli+291. London : Williams and Norgate, 1940. Price 10s. 6d.

Siam in Transition. By Kenneth Perry Landon. Demy 8vo. Pp. ix+328. London : Oxford University Press, 1939. Price 10s. 6d.

Syria As It Is. By Helen Cameron Gordon. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. viii+211. London : Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1939. Price 10s. 6d.

Drinkers of the Wind. By Carl R. Raswan. Illustrated. Pp. 288. Demy 8vo. London : Hutchinson and Co. Ltd., 1940. Price 18s.

Canoe to Mandalay. By R. Raven‐Hart. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 245. London : Frederick Muller Ltd., 1939. Price 12s. 6d.

Adventures in Siam in the Seventeenth Century. By E. W. Hutchinson. Map. Demy 8vo. Pp. xxvii+283. London : Royal Asiatic Society, 1940. Price 12s. 6d.

Briton and Turk. By Philip Graves. Demy 8vo. Pp. 260. London : Hutchinson and Co. Ltd., 1941. Price 12s. 6d.

Five Miles High. By the Members of the Karakoram Expedition. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 319. London : Robert Hale Ltd., 1940. Price 15s.

Sons of Sindbad. By A. Villiers. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xiv+346. London : Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1940. Price 20s.

Land of the Blue Poppy. By F. Kingdon Ward. Pp.192. A Penguin Sixpenny Edition of Kingdon Ward's Travels in Eastern Tibet.

AUSTRALASIA

I Went to Tristan. By A. B. Crawford. Illustrated. Maps. Demy 8vo. Pp. 268. London : Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1941. Price 18s.

Shackleton's Boat Journey. By Commander F. A. Worsley. Crown 8vo. Pp. 191. London : Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1940. Price 2s. 6d.

Peaks, Packs, and Mountain Tracks. By W. S. Gilkinson. Illustrated. Crown 8vo. Pp. 120. London : Whitcombe and Tombs Ltd., 1941. Price 5s.

GENERAL

The Scot Who was a Frenchman. By Marie W. Stuart. Impl. 8vo. Pp. 327. Edinburgh : William Hodge and Co. Ltd., 1940. Price 12s. 6d.

Contemporary Ancestors. By C. Young. Demy 8vo. Pp.190. London: R.T.S., 1941. Price 6s.

The Cambridge History of the British Empire. Vol. II. The Growth of the New Empire, 1783–1870. By various Authors. Impl. 8vo. Pp. xii+1068. London: Cambridge University Press, 1940. Price 50s.

Things Mortal. By Sir Frederick O'Connor. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 260. London : Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1940. Price 10s 6d.

The Last Secrets. The Final Mysteries of Exploration. By John Buchan. Demy 8vo. Pp. 303. Edinburgh : Thomas Nelson and Sons Ltd., 1941. Price 3s.

Middle East. By H. V. Morton. Demy 8vo. Pp. viii+326. Illustrated. London : Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1941. Price 8s. 6d.

Distant Horizon. By Carl Shreve. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 288. London : Herbert Jenkins Ltd., 1940. Price 12s. 6d.

Our British Empire: Its Structure, Its History, and Its Strength. By Stephen Leacock. Crown 8vo. Pp.280. London: John Lane (The Bodley Head) Ltd., 1940. Price 7s. 6d.

EDUCATIONAL

The Lands of Eastern Peoples. By Bradford and Moss. Maps and Illustrations. Demy 8vo. Pp. 145. London : George G. Harrap and Co. Ltd., 1941. Price 2s. 3d.

Man the World Over. By Carter and Brentnaix. Demy 8vo. Pp. 250 approx. Vols 1, 2 and 3. Oxford : Basil Blackwell, 1941. Price 3s. 3d. each.

Nature at Work. By E. M. Stephenson. Demy 8vo. Pp. 96 and 91. Books I and II. London : A. and C. Black Ltd., 1941. Prices 1s. 9d. and 1s. 10d.

MAPS

Bartholomew's Map of Europe Occupied by Germany. Price 3s. 6d.

Philip's The War in Maps. Price 1s. 6d. This is a handy atlas showing the various steps of German expansion from 1870 to the seizures in the present war. It is striking.     

The Swiss abroad

Europe

A Camera in the Hills. By F. S. Smythe. Demy 8vo. Pp. 147. London: A. and C. Black Ltd., 1940. Price 12s. 6d.

British Hills and Mountains. By J. H. B. Bell, E. F. Bozman and J. Fairfax Blakeborough. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. viii+120. London: B. T. Batsford Ltd., 1940. Price 8s. 6d.

Island Tears. By F. Fraser Darling. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xii+300. London: Bell and Son Ltd., 1940. Price 12s.

Hertfordshire. Edited by Arthur Mee. Illustrated. Buckinghamshire. Edited by Arthur Mee. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. ix+256 and ix+284. London: Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1940. Price 7s. 6d. each.

By Many Waters. By A. R. B. Haldane. Illustrated. Crown 8vo. Pp. x+223. Edinburgh: T. Nelson and Sons Ltd., 1940. Price 10s. 6d.

Highland View. By James Bramwell. Demy 8vo. Pp. 230. London: Robert Hale Ltd., 1939. Price 8s. 6d.

The Medieval Fenland. By H. C. Darby. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xvii+200. London: Cambridge University Press Ltd., 1940. Price 12s. 6d.

The Draining of the Fens. By H. C. Darby. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xix+312. London: Cambridge University Press Ltd., 1940. Price 21s.

Down River. By J. Lehmann. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xii+291. London: Gresset Press, 1940. Price 12s. 6d.

Sketches of Finland. Illustrated. 4to. Pp. 135. Helsinki: Suomen Kirja Ltd., 1939. Price 8s. 6d.

Footsteps in Finland. By Joan and Peggy Webster. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 256. London: Skeffington and Son Ltd., 1940. Price 12s. 6d.

Finland. By Agnes Rothery. Demy 8vo. Pp. ix+257. London: Faber and Faber Ltd., 1940. Price 6s.

Ikons and Oxen. By P. Thornton. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 300. London: Collins and Co. Ltd., 1939. Price 12s. 6d.

Buffer States of the Balkans. By Harry Gregson. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 239. London: Hutchinson and Co. Ltd., 1940. Price 12s. 6d.

In Old Romania. By H. Baerlein. Demy 8vo. Pp. 287. London: Hutchinson and Co. Ltd., 1940. Price 12s. 6d.

Stalin. By Eugene Lyons. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 255. London: Harrap and Co. Ltd., 1940. Price 9s.

The Russian Enigma. By A. Ciliga. Demy 8vo. Pp. xi+304. London: Routledge and Sons Ltd., 1940. Price 7s. 6d.

Mountaineering Holiday. By F. S. Smythe. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xi+229. London: Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1940. Price 12s. 6d.

Alpine Pilgrimage. By J. Kugy. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 367. London: John Murray, 1940. Price 6s.

Problems of the Baltic. By W. F. Reddaway. Pp.120. London: Cambridge University Press Ltd., 1940. Price 3s. 6d.

Mediterranean Problems. By Gordon East. Edinburgh: T. Nelson and Sons Ltd., 1940. Price 2s. 6d.

Africa

Mauretania, Warrior, Man and Woman. By Sacheverell Sitwell. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 328. London: Duckworth and Co. Ltd., 1940. Price 15s.

A History of the Gambia. By J. M. Gray. Imperial 8vo. Pp. x+508. London: Cambridge University Press Ltd., 1940. Price 30s.

The Swazi. By B. A. Marwick. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xvii+320. London: Cambridge University Press Ltd., 1940. Price 18s.

Portrait of a Colony. The Story of Natal. By A. F. Hattersley. Illustrated. Demy. Pp. viii+233. London: Cambridge University Press Ltd., 1940. Price 8s. 6d.

Livingstone the Liberator. By J. I. Macnair. Crown 8vo. Pp. 382. London: Collins and Co. Ltd., 1940. Price 2s. 6d.

Lions on Trust. By Cleland Scott. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 317. London: Michael Joseph Ltd., 1940. Price 12s. 6d.

America

Ecuador the Unknown. By V. W. Von Hagen. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 296. London: Jarrolds Ltd., 1939. Price 15s.

Riddle of Hell's Jungle. By Schulz‐Kampfhenkel. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 242. London: Hurst and Blackett Ltd., 1940. Price 16s.

To the Lost World. By P. A. Zahl. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 242. London: Harrap and Co. Ltd., 1940. Price 11s.

Refuge in the Andes. By Rudolph Messel. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 285. London: John Lane The Bodley Head Ltd., 1940. Price 10s. 6d.

Americas to the South. By J. T. Whitaker. Demy 8vo. London: Macmillan and Co. Ltd., 1939. Price 12s. 6d.

Caribbean Treasure. By I. T. Sanderson. Illustrated. Imperial 8vo. Pp. 292. London: Hamish Hamilton Ltd., 1940. Price 12s. 6d.

Tristan da Cunha, 1506–1002. By J. Brander. Demy 8vo. Pp. 336. London: G. Allen and Unwin Ltd., 1940. Price 12s. 6d.

The Lonely Island. By E. Christopherson. Demy 8vo. Pp. xii+243. London: Cassell and Co. Ltd., 1940. Price 12s. 6d.

North America. By E. G. Ashton. Illustrated. Crown 8vo. Pp. 383. London: Harrap and Co. Ltd., 1940. Price 8s. 6d.

Steam Conquers the Pacific. By A. C. Wardle. Demy 8vo. Pp. 200. London: Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1940. Price 10s. 6d.

Asia

The Story of Jericho. By J. and J. B. E. Garstang. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xv+200. London: Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1940. Price 8s. 6d.

Once in Sinai. By J. M. C. Plowden. Demy 8vo. Pp. ix+302. London: Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1940. Price 12s. 6d.

A Winter in Arabia. By Freya Stark. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xii+328. London: John Murray, 1940. Price 16s.

Burma Road. By Nicol Smith. Demy 8vo. Pp. 320. London: Victor Gollancz, 1940. Price 16s.

The Baiga. By Verrier Elwtn. Demy 8vo. Pp. xxxi+550. London: John Murray, 1940. Price 30s.

Himalayan Honeymoon. By B. Pares. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 301. London: Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1940. Price 15s.

Land of a Thousand Buddhas. By T. Bernard. Demy 8vo. Pp. 320. London: Rider and Co., 1940. Price 18s.

The Wandering Lake. By Sven Hedin. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. x+293. London: Routledge and Sons Ltd., 1940. Price 18s.

Chaos in Asia. By Hallett Abend. Demy 8vo. Pp. 313. London: John Lane The Bodley Head Ltd., 1940. Price 10s. 6d.

A Cavalier in China. By A. W. S. Wingate. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 327. London: Grayson and Grayson Ltd., 1940. Price 15s.

Inner Asian Frontiers of China. By Owen Lattimore. Demy 8vo. Pp. xxiii+585. Oxford: University Press, 1940. Price $4.00.

Journey into China. By Violet Cressy‐Marcks. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.320. London: Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1940. Price 21s.

Turkestan Tumult. By A. K. Wu. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xiii+279. London: Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1940. Price 12s. 6d.

Phoenicia and Western Asia. By R. Weill. Crown 8vo. Pp. 208. London: Harrap and Co. Ltd., 1940. Price 6s.

Sea Power and Empire. By F. C. J. Hearnshaw. Demy 8vo. Pp. 192. London: Harrap and Co. Ltd., 1940. Price 10s. 6d.

Miscellaneous

Suez and Panama. By A. Siegfried. Demy 8vo. Pp. 400. London: Jonathan Cape Ltd., 1940. Price 10s. 6d.

Life of Captain Cook. By H. Carrington. Demy 8vo. Pp. ix+324. London: Sidgwick and Jackson Ltd., 1940. Price 16s.

Velvet Voyaging. By E. Wasserman. Demy 8vo. Pp.316. London: John Lane The Bodley Head Ltd., 1940. Price 12s. 6d.

The Adventures of a Mountaineer. By F. S. Smythe. Demy 8vo. Pp. viii+228. J. M. Dent and Sons Ltd., 1940. Price 7s. 6d.

An Escaper's Log. By D. Grinnell‐Milne. Illustrated. Crown 8vo. Pp. vii+306. London: John Lane The Bodley Head Ltd., 1940. Price 3s. 6d.

Edward Whymper. By F. S. Smythe. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 330. London: Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1940. Price 21s.

Approach to the Hills. By C. F. Meade. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 265. London: John Murray, 1940. Price 10s. 6d.

Educational

The Gifts of the Earth. By E. Brooks and R. Finch. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 272. London: University of London Press, 1940. Price 3s. 6d.

Twenty Essential Studies in Geography. By G. Noyle. Demy 8vo. Pp. vii+184. London: Macmillan and Co. Ltd., 1940. Price 2s. 6d.

Structural and Field Geology. By James Geikie, revised by R. Campbell and R. M. Craig. Illustrated. Imperial 8vo. Pp. xxiv+395. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd Ltd., 1940. Price 25s.

Kingsway Social Geographies. Book I. Hunters and Fishers, Book II. The Herders. Book III. The Cultivators. Book IV. Miners and Manufacturers. Book V. Traders and Carriers. Edited by Ernest Young. London: Evans Brothers Ltd., 1940. Price 1s. 6d. each.     

Bhuridatta

PORPHYRE. L'Antre des Nymphes, traduit par JOSEPH TRABUCCO ; suivi d'un essai sur Les Grottes dans les Cultes magico-religieux et dans la Symbolique primitive de P. SAINTYVES. Paris: Émile Nourry. 1918. Reviewed by E. Sidney Hartland.

GERALD FRIEDLANDER. JEWISH FAIRY TALES. Illustrated by BEATRICE HIRSCHFELD. London: R.Scott. 1917. 8vo. Pp. viii+88. Reviewed by M. Gaster.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Graciela Chichilnisky and Geoffrey Heal, The Evolving International Economy A.M. Choksi and D. Papageorgiou (eds), Economic Liberalization in Developing Countries George Wedell (ed.), Making Broadcasting Useful: The African Experience. The Development of Radio and Television in Africa in the 1980s Julia A. Walsh and Kenneth S. Warren (eds), Strategies for Primary Health Care: Technologies Appropriate for the Control of Disease in the Developing World David Morley and Hermione Lovel, My Name is Today: An Illustrated Discussion of Child Health, Society and Poverty in Less Developed Countries Margery Wolf Revolution Postponed. Women in Contemporary China     

REVIEWS

The High Valley. By Kenneth E. Read. Charles Scribner Sons, New York. 1965. Pp. 266. Illustrated. Price $US6.95.     

THE WIND OF CHANGE: A REVIEW ARTICLE

The Wind of Change in Central Australia. By Frederick G. G. Rose. Deutsche Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin; Volkerkundliche Forschungen. Band 5. Akademie, Verlag, Berlin, 1965. Pp. 1–363. Illustrated. Stiff paper cover. Price 56 DM.     

REVIEWS

Farewell to Eden. By Matthew Huxley and Cornell Capa. Harper and Row, New York, 1964. Illustrated. Pp. 1–244. Page size 11 × 8½. Price U.S.A. $15.     

Book Review

Books reviewed: Geoffrey Carey, David Lindenmayer and Stephen Dovers (eds), Australia Burning: Fire Ecology, Policy and Management Issues . V. Golosov, V. Belyaev and D.E. Walling (eds), Sediment Transfer through the Fluvial System . R.Q. Grafton, L. Robin and R.J. Wasson (eds), Understanding the Environment: Bridging the Disciplinary Divides . Neil McKenzie, David Jacquier, Ray Isbell and Katherine Brown, Australian Soils and Landscapes: an Illustrated Compendium . John Randolph, Environmental Land Use Planning and Management . Paul Robbins, Political Ecology: a Critical Introduction . Jenny Stewart and Grant Jones, Renegotiating the Environment: the Power of Politics Marta Vannucci (ed.), Mangrove Management and Conservation. Present and Future      

THE 9 JULY 551 AD BEIRUT EARTHQUAKE,EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN REGION

Analysis of the Byzantine primary and secondary sources for identifying the historical earthquakes in Syria and Lebanon reveals that a large earthquake (M _s =7.2) occurred in July 9, 551 AD along the Lebanese littoral and was felt over a very large area in the eastern Mediterranean region. It was a shallow-focus earthquake, associated with a regional tsunami along the Lebanese coast, a local landslide near Al-Batron town, and a large fire in Beirut. It caused heavy destruction with great loss of lives to several Lebanese cities, mainly Beirut, with a maximum intensity between IX-X (EMS-92). The proposed epicentre of the event is offshore of Beirut at about 34.00°N, 35.50° E, indicating that the earthquake appears to be the result of movement along the strike-slip left-lateral Roum fault in southern Lebanon.     

REVIEWS

Ancient Ruins and Archæology. By L. Sprague de Camp and Catherine C. de Camp. Published by Rigby Ltd., Adelaide, 1965 (also published by Doubleday & Co. Inc. U.S.A. and Souvenir Press Ltd. London). Pp. 1–294. Illustrated. Price 47/6 Aust. (A$4.75).     

The Siberian Railway

History of the New World called America. By Edward John Payne, Fellow of University College. Volume I. Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, 1892. Pp. xxviii + 546.

Travels in Africa during the Years 1882–1886. By Dr. Wilhelm Junker, Translated from the German by A. H. Keane, F.R.G.S. Illustrated. London: Chapman and Hall, 1892. Pp. viii + 586. Price 21s.

Up the Niger. Narrative of Major Claude Macdonald's Mission, to the Niger and Benué Rivers, West Africa. By Captain Mockler‐Ferryman, F.R.G.S. F.Z.S. With Maps and Illustrations. London : George Philip and Son, 1892. Pp. 326. Price 16s.

Cinq Années de Séjour aux Iles Canaries. Par le Dr. R. Verneau, Chargé de Missions Scientifiques. Ouvrage illustré de 42 gravures, 4 planches, et 1 carte. Couronné par l'Académie des Sciences. Pp. xvi + 412. Paris : A. Hennuyer, 1891.

Studies in Mohammedanism, Historical and Doctrinal, with a chapter on Islam in England. By John B. Pool. London: A. Constable and Co., 1892. Pp. xvi + 420. Price 6s.

Sicily (Story of the Nations): Phænician, Cheek, and Roman. By Edward A. Freeman, M.A., Hon. D.C.L., LL.D. London : T. Fisher Unwin, 1892. Pp. xvi + 378. Price 5s.

Afrihanische Petrefahten. Ein Versuch die grammatischen Bildungen und Formwurzeln der afrikanischen Sprachen durch Sprachvergleichung festzustellen. By A. W. Schleicher. Berlin : Theodor Fröhlich, 1891. Pp. 93.

Die Triangulation von Java, ausgeführt vow, Personal des geographischen Dienstes in Niederländisch Ost‐Indien. Dritte Abtheilung. Von Dr. J. A. C. Oudemaks. Haag: Martinus Nijhoff, 1891. Pp. 180.

Das Verebnen der Kugeloberflache fur Qradnetzentiviirfe. Von Dr. A. Bretjsing. Leipzig : Verlag von H. Wagner und E. Debes, 1892. Pp. 69. Price 3 m.

Appleton's General Guide to the United States and Canada. Illustrated. With Railway Maps, Plans of Cities, and Table of Railway and Steamboat Fares. Edinburgh: A. and C. Black, 1892.     

Destroying Nahr el-Bared: Sovereignty and urbicide in the space of exception

During the summer of 2007, Nahr el-Bared refugee camp in northern Lebanon was the scene of a fierce battle between the Lebanese Armed Forces and a militant Islamist group called Fateh al-Islam. When Palestinian evacuees returned after the conflict, they found Nahr el-Bared utterly destroyed, houses smashed first by shells and bombs, then by vandalism and arson, possessions stolen and broken, offensive graffiti daubed on walls. I argue in this paper that the battle of Nahr el-Bared, and particularly the month of looting and arson that followed the battle, was a case of urbicide in a space of exception. The seemingly unrestricted destruction of homes, the theft of possessions and arson, went beyond any possible military necessity and became the deliberate and systematic erasure of the camp. This urbicide was made more possible by the very nature of the political spaces of the camp, which are in Lebanon but not of Lebanon, in which Lebanese sovereignty and law are not fully enforced, in which a whole range of non-Lebanese actors exercise political power outside the control of the Lebanese state. In these spaces of exception in which the rule of law is suspended, the looting, arson and vandalism took place without sanction. Palestinian homes and lives had become sacred in the sense that they could be destroyed without sanction, without recourse to legal redress, because there was no law.     

The Maronite Leadership’s Approach toward Syria, 1970–2011: Between Integration,Separation, and Pragmatism

The Maronite–Syria relationship is troublesome, and one can say that the two sides are diametrical opposites. The Maronites, in general, represent the aspiration for an independent Lebanon, while Syria considers Lebanon a part of “Greater Syria” and aspires to annex the Lebanese territories. The Maronite community has consistently resisted these aspirations. However, the Maronite community is not a coherent one, which is reflected in its approach toward Syria. In fact, the Maronite leadership has adopted three different approaches toward Syria: an integrative one that aspires to full cooperation with Syria; a separatist one that strongly considers Lebanon and Syria to be separate states; and a pragmatist one that adheres to intimate or unfriendly ties according to local Lebanese interests. This article introduces the three Maronite approaches and claims that one cannot disassociate these approaches, especially the pragmatist one, from the Syrian policy toward Lebanon, which includes changing alliances according to Syria’s political interests. Moreover, the article suggests that these approaches will remain in place regardless of which Maronite leader supports each one and regardless of who will rule in Syria.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Review in this Articles Bibliographie zum Erziehungs- and Bildungswesen in den Lãndern des muslimischen Orients. Land Policy in Colonial Algeria: The Origins of the Rural Public Domain. By John Ruedy. National Development and Local Reform: Political Participation in Morocco, Tunisia and Pakistan. By Douglas E. Ashford. Morocco. By Nevill Barbour. American Interests in Syria: 1800–1901. By A. L. Tibawi. Political Parties In Lebanon. By Michael W. Suleiman. The Arab Ba^cth Socialist Party: History, Ideology and Organization. By Kamel S. Abu-Jaber. Arabic Language Handbook. By Mary Catherine Bateson. Spoken Arabic of Baghdad, VoL II. By R J. McCarthy, S.J., and Faraj Raffouli. Christianity in Tropical Africa, edited with an introduction by C. G. Baëta.