当代日本的藏学研究机构及出版物

秦永章在《西藏大学学报》2005年第四期上介绍了日本的藏学研究机构和出版物。文章对当代日本的主要藏学研究机构及其相关出版物做了比较系统的介绍,主要研究机构有:一、东洋文库内陆亚洲研究部西藏研究班;二、大谷大学真宗综合研究所:三、国立民族学博物馆;四、东京大学;五、京都大学;六、东北大学;七、     

战后日本农业保护政策与农业发展的启示

战后日本农业保护政策与农业发展的启示张玉棉战后日本农业取得了长足进展,这与日本政府采取的一系列农业保护政策是分不开的,但是日本农业保护政策也不是十全十美的,它既有促进农业发展的积极一面,又有阻碍农业发展的消极一面。我们应认真总结日本的经验和教训,以资...     

城山三郎的《官僚们的夏天》

《官僚们的夏天》是日本一部社会经济小说。小说主要描写的是在20世纪60年代日本经济高速发展时期,通产省官员们为了提高日本企业的国际竞争能力,通过学习他国经验以及调研和论证起草产业立法的不同观点和争论,以艺术表现揭示如何与时俱进调整产业结构、政策、法规以求经济发展。作者的观点是支持产业立法的,赞同由政府与民间协调合作的形式,对重点产业给予优惠政策或扶植。小说在1973年石油危机后日本面临着再一次的产业转型的时期发表,旨在进一步强调产业立法和经济发展之间关系的重要性。     

改革开放以来中国农业农村信息化发展的历程、成就与经验启示

农业农村信息化是国家信息化发展战略的重要组成部分,承载着加快推进农业农村现代化、建设社会主义现代化农业强国的重大历史使命。改革开放以来,中国农业农村信息化建设经历了应用起步、组织建构、体系建设和全面提速四个阶段,并取得重大历史成就:建成全球规模最大的农村通信网络和综合信息服务体系,农业生产由机械化自动化迈向数字化智慧化新阶段、电子商务实现跨越式发展、农村基层治理和公共服务数字化水平显著提升、网络扶贫助力脱贫攻坚全面胜利,城乡融合发展格局加快形成。中国农业农村信息化发展的实践历程不仅反映了信息化发展的一般规律,同时也体现出鲜明的中国特色。中国之所以能克服小农生产方式和城乡二元分割体制的制约,在农业农村信息化发展中取得历史性成就,主要有三方面的经验启示:与时俱进的发展理念奠定了必要认知基础;中国特色社会主义制度提供了强大制度保障;中国数字经济的规模与结构优势提供了有利市场环境。     

现代化后的日本农业:问题与对策

20世纪70年代,日本农业顺利完成了由传统到现代的决定性转变。日本农业在完成了现代化任务之后还面临着诸多“后现代”问题,主要表现为农产品自给率下降,农业结构性矛盾突出,农地经营规模难以扩大,农业补贴的财政负担沉重等,为此日本政府在农业立法、体制改革、粮食战略、比较优势和有机农业等方面采取了有效对策。     

毛泽东农业思想浅析

毛泽东农业思想主要包括有:农业是国民经济的基础;增产粮食是农业发展的重点;政策和科学是农业发展的依靠;给农民物质利益,调动农民的积极性是发展农业的关键;通过合作化,发展集体经济是农业发展的途径和方向。     

《日本研究论丛》出版发行

由东北师大学报编辑部编辑的《日本研究论丛》已经出版。这是我校外国问题研究所关于日本问题的部分研究成果汇编。其中收入论文十一篇:有关经济方面四篇,涉及战后日本的科技战略、政府在农业发展中的作用、日苏贸易、“环太平洋合作构想”等问题;政治方面一篇,是关于日本国会地位的论述;哲学方面两篇,是评介福本哲学和     

日本的博物馆——成立的经过与现状

这篇文章,是日本茨城大学教授、日本著名博物馆学专家茂木雅博先生应俞伟超馆长的请求写的。二次大战后,特别是六十年代以后,随着日本经济的发展,日本的博物馆发展很快,积累了很多有益的经验。在这篇文章中,茂木先生较系统地介绍了日本博物馆发展建设的历史和经验。本刊发表此文,目的是希望广大博物馆工作者,吸取和借鉴这些经验,促进我国博物馆事业的发展。     

日本的能源立法与执行情况

日本已形成了由能源政策基本法立法为指导、各能源专门立法为中心内容、相关部门法实施令等为补充的能源法律体系。为了保证能源法律能够得到有效的执行,日本采取了多种措施,但也存在一定的问题。日本能源立法及其执行的经验,对我国能源立法具有重要的借鉴作用。     

中国海外劳务移民的发展变迁与管理保护——以移民工人维权和争议处理为中心的分析

论文从移民工人维权和劳动争议处理这一新视角,较为系统地分析中国海外劳务移民的历史发展与管理体制,深入剖析中国劳务移民管理的法律政策框架及维权和争议处理机制,比较借鉴劳务移民典型国家的经验做法,并对实现中国劳务移民有效管理的对策与措施,提出了四点建议:一是完善相关国内立法,构建多边合作协议框架;二是确立劳动行政部门主管,建立多部门政策协调机制;三是强化政府公共服务职能,加强海外劳务移民监管;四是加大工会组建、培训和维权力度,充分发挥工会组织的作用。     

Telling small stories: spaces of knowledge and the practice of geography

This article examines how the practice of learning geography, and the arenas in which knowledge-making takes place, can be usefully positioned within changing histories of the discipline. It contends that networks of action – understood through the intersection of social sites, subjects and sources – present a conceptual framework and narrative focus for the re-consideration of specific episodes from geography's past. The interventions made here are informed and illustrated by a 'small story' about the doing of geography. Based on different personal accounts, the story revives a series of events, encounters, dialogues and images dating back to the winter of 1951 at Glenmore Lodge, Scotland. This educational institution in the Cairngorm mountains offered children from urban areas the opportunity to learn field studies and the skills of 'outdoor citizenship'. Initially, the focus falls on Margaret Jack, a 14-year-old field-course participant. Her learning experiences are traced through personal letters, a diary and a field journal dating from that time, and her recent recollections of this event. Margaret's account dovetails with the story of her field studies instructor, Robin Murray. Robin's role is traced through his learning experiences as a geography undergraduate at Aberdeen University, and the recent recollections of Catriona Murray, his wife.     

Das Wissen der Schulden. Recht,Kulturtechnik und Alltagserfahrung im liberalen Kapitalismus

The Knowledge of Debt: Law, Media Technique, and Everyday Experience in Liberal Capitalism. Performing an object such as ‘the economy’ hinges on practices of formatting knowledge. The article proposes to look at such instituting moments in connection with social conflicts over the legitimate rules of exchange. This is exemplified by way of recounting the story of the codification of Swiss bankruptcy law in 1889. In order to homogenize the legal procedures of debt collection and bankruptcy, two subject categories were instituted: ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. These different categories were thought to account for the diverging temporalities and spaces of credit exchange in everyday economic life. The introduction of the commercial register, a media-technical apparatus, enabled a formal distinction between ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. However, this boundary was contested and proved to be porose.     

Two radiocarbon dates for freshwater shells from hierakonpolis: Archaeological and geological interpretations

Shells of two species of freshwater bivalve (Unio willcocksi Bullen Newton and Etheria elliptica Lamarck) from the predynastic Gerzean (Nagada II) Decorated Tomb at Hierakonpolis, Egypt have given dates of 5000±90 bp for the tomb, and 12,900±120 bp for an episode of Nile terrace accumulation (correlated here with the Sahaba-Darau aggradation event). The archaeological and geological significance of these results is discussed, together with an outline of problems associated with radiocarbon dating of shell. Comparisons are made with the few other radiocarbon dates available for the Predynastic period in Egypt and possible reasons for the presence of shells in the tomb are considered.     

Some chronological implications of a fossil molluscan assemblage from a neolithic site at Brook,Kent, England

The later post-glacial history of a valley in the chalk escarpment near Brook, Kent, is described, based on molluscan stratigraphy, archaeological evidence and radio-carbon dating. Differences in size and colour banding, respectively, of fossil and living representatives of two species of land snails, Pomatias elegans (Müller) and Cepaea nemoralis (L.), are correlated with climatic change during the post-glacial period. The problems of the use of fossil shells of these species as samples for radiocarbon dating are discussed.     

China's Dynamic Industrial Sector: The Internet Industry

A Singapore-based economic geographer explores and analyzes the spatially uneven evolution of the Internet industry in China, arguing that the country's immense regional disparity in the provision of Internet services is best explained by the interplay of place- and path-dependence. The author demonstrates how the highly uneven regional endowments in relevant industrial and entrepreneurial resources have led to the substantial and persistent regional imbalance within China's emerging "new economy." His initial survey of the country's 100 leading Internet content providers (firms), identified from a listing of ca. 11,700 commercial websites, is selectively augmented to reflect an increase of over 70 million Internet users in 2007, reaching a total of 253 million in June 2008, and thus overtaking the United States as the world's largest Internet market. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: L10, L86, O30. 6 figures, 1 table, 53 references.     

The 1911 International Exposition in Rome: architecture, archaeology, and national identity

This paper discusses the 1911 International Exposition in Rome and illustrates how this patriotic celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of the Italian Sate utilized symbolic landscapes of architecture and archaeology to promote nationalist sentiments of italianità and romanità centered on the young capital of Rome. Through modern art exhibitions at the Valle Giulia, scientific conferences at the Castel Sant’Angelo, archaeological exhibits on the Roman Empire in the Baths of Diocletian, and regional Italian pavilions in the Piazza d’Armi, exposition officials offered a complex representation of Italian national identity that was modern yet ancient, cosmopolitan yet bucolic, European yet regional, and imperial yet developing.     

The Rise and Fall of Alexander the Great – The Need for Medical Analysis: Reply to Commentaries

Alexander the Great died in 323 B.C. from an unknown cause. By elucidating the nature of his death, we can better interpret various aspects of Alexandrian history. Alexander’s death may have ensued from the sequelae of a congenital scoliotic syndrome. It would therefore be of significance to note that one of the greatest leaders in history who conquered much of the then known world may have been suffering from a physical disability.     

LEAD ISOTOPE ANALYSES OF ISLAMIC POTTERY GLAZES FROM FUSTAT,EGYPT*

Lead isotope analyses have been undertaken on a group of Islamic lead‐glazed pottery artefacts from Fustat, Egypt, spanning the period from the eighth to the 14th century ad , that had previously been the subject of a comprehensive typological, chronological, petrographic and technological study. Comparison of the lead isotope ratios for the glazes with those for lead ores from Egypt, Iran, Tunisia, Anatolia, Greece, Sardinia and Spain provided information on the possible sources of the lead used in the production of the glazes. The results show that the lead used in glaze production by the Islamic potters at Fustat was most probably obtained from distant ore sources in Iran or Tunisia, Sardinia, Spain and the Taurus Mountains. Different ore sources were favoured in different periods and, to a limited extent, for different types of pottery, but at no time did the Fustat potters use the potentially more accessible Egyptian ore sources.     

Australian Cenozoic Bryozoa, 2: Free-living Cheilostomata of the Eocene St. Vincent Basin,S.A., including Bonellina gen. nov

Schmidt, R., March 2007. Australian Cenozoic Bryozoa, 2: Free-living Cheilostomata of the Eocene St. Vincent Basin, S.A., including Bonellina gen. nov. Alcheringa 31, 67-84. ISSN 0311-5518.

Free-living bryozoans are diverse in the Eocene sediments of the St. Vincent Basin, South Australia. They include Bonellina pentagonalis gen. et sp. nov., Otionellina sp. cf. O. exigua (Tenison Woods), Otionellina sp. cf. O. cupola (Tenison Woods), Tubiporella magna (Tenison Woods), Celleporaria nummularia (Tenison Woods), and an indeterminate species only found as moulds. This diversity and abundance is highest in the sediments representing the initial transgressive marine facies, where they occur in ‘sand fauna’ bryozoan assemblages (e.g. with Melicerita and Siphonicytara). Free-living bryozoans decrease up-section and are absent from latest Eocene sediments, indicating a significant environmental shift.

Rolf Schmidt [rschmid@museum.vic.gov.au], Museum Victoria, Melbourne, Vic 3001, Australia; received 18.3.2005, revised 14.12.2005.