一七九八年《惩治煽动叛乱法》与美国“公共领域”的初步发展

1790年代,在激烈的党派斗争中,联邦党与共和党都利用报刊等出版物传播观点,希望赢得民心。1798年,联邦党人促成颁布《惩治煽动叛乱法》,意图阻止共和党煽动反对政府,维护社会稳定。随着法令的颁布与实施,除了共和党,还有众多报刊编辑与普通民众参与到反对法令的活动与争论中。在广泛而深入的争论中,联邦党与反对派阐述各自立场,并将他们的主张付诸实践。这个动态的过程充分调动了报刊、小册子与其他公共媒介的能量,政治精英与人民通过这些公共媒介展开互动。尽管公共领域在相当长的一段时间内仍然是党派斗争的工具,但是围绕法令的争论与行动在客观上使公共领域成为美国早期民主运行的重要媒介。     

Squaring the Shield: William Ridgeway's Two Models of Early Greece

From the early 1880s the Cambridge-trained classicist William Ridgeway had applied cutting-edge anthropological theory to his reading of ancient Greek literature in order to develop an evolutionary account of the continuous development of early Greek social institutions. Then, at the turn of the century, he began to argue that archaeological evidence demonstrated that the Achaean warriors described by Homer were in origin Germanic tribesmen from north of the Alps who had but recently conquered Mycenaean Greece. The present paper inquires as to how Ridgeway reconciled these seemingly opposed visions of early Greek society. A fairly comprehensive survey of his writings leads to the suggestion that, in Ridgeway's opinion, Achaean invasion had left little lasting impact upon most early Greek social institutions, but that it had been responsible for a fundamental shift from matriarchy to patriarchy, and that this shift was the key to the subsequent greatness of Greek—and so ultimately Western—civilisation.     

The Internal Security Acts of 1798: The Founding Generation and the Judiciary during America's First National Security Crisis

It is a truism that a nation must protect itself from internal enemies as well as foreign threats of aggression and invasion. But that is not the entire matter. Our American democracy has striven, with mixed success, to be careful that the justified ends of the American experiment—freedom, justice, and the rule of law—are not sacrificed on the altar of the means to protect these ends.     

略谈哈萨克族婚姻习惯法和国家法的冲突

在哈萨克族长期的发展进程中,形成了具有哈萨克族游牧经济特色的习惯法文化,这些民族习惯法文化在婚姻方面体现得更为明显,对哈萨克族人民的社会生活产生了重要影响。但是在国家法律体系范围内,这些习惯法的存在和作用对国家法律的普及和实施也产生了不和谐的影响。     

国家法与习惯法的扞格:以《天柱文书》中的侗族离婚诉讼案为例

在古代社会,国家法对少数民族偏远地区的影响常因地理环境的制约而相对薄弱。地方秩序的维护多依赖于地方习惯法。近代以后,国家力量逐渐加强了其对偏远地区的影响力,国家法也逐步变成民众处理社会问题的另一种途径。但在国家法进入地方法控制区的时候,就不免会出现适应问题,特别是当国家法与地方法存在分歧的内容时,民众如何抉择值得关注。民国贵州天柱县的一起侗族离婚案,充分地展现了国家法和习惯法扞格的情况。由于当地侗族习惯法占有优势,使得国家法的解决途径最终未能成功。本文拟以此案为例,展现民国时代社会变迁的一个缩影。     

William Temple: Christianity and the Life of Fellowship

Abstract

William Temple is best known for his contribution to the forging of a social consensus that resulted in the foundation of the post-war British welfare state following his untimely death in 1944 after only two years as Archbishop of Canterbury. Widely regarded as the most theologically gifted holder of that office since Anselm, his pioneering contribution to the elucidation of a methodology for Christian social ethics which emphasized the role of ‘Principles’ that should inform Christian social action and reflection reinvigorated the Church of his generation in the task of bringing to bear the Christian message on social problems. What is less well appreciated is how he was not only the spokesperson for the most advanced Christian witness in the inter-war years, but that he also provided a basis for Christian ethics that brought together the strengths of the Anglican incarnational theology stemming from F. D. Maurice with the British tradition of philosophical social idealism. Often moving from the circumference to the centre, he sought to relate philosophical questions and insights to the richness of the revelation of God in the person of Jesus Christ. He was as at home in this task as he was in leading a mission on a Blackpool beach and the British public loved him for it. He was, as Winston Churchill said at the time of his elevation to Canterbury, "the half-crown article in a penny bazaar."     

论西北少数民族地区法治政治发展中的法制建设——以《民族区域自治法》配套建设为视角

我国足多民族的社会主义国家,能否处理好民族关系决定着多民族国家的兴衰安危。随着经济社会的发展,特别是中共十七大提出要“全面落实依法治国基本方略,加快建设社会主义法治国家”以来,加强民族法制建设也成为时代的必然要求。在新形势下建立起以法律调节为核心的民族关系调节体系,为进一步构建全面协调可持续发展的和谐民族关系,为促进新时期经济社会全面进步奠定了良好的社会基础。     

和谐社会理论与我国的古代法律思想文化

在中国传统法律思想史上,历代的和谐思想由来已久,我国政府2005年年初提出的社会主义和谐社会的构想是有其深远的思想文化基础的,并非是理论上的凭空创造,而是从中华法律文化思想宝库中采撷出的思想精华并加以理论创新而来。因此,我们要加强对我国历史上关于社会建设理论的研究,按照去伪存真、去粗取精的要求,努力做到古为今用。