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浅析新石器时代生产工具中的“仪式用斧”问题——兼论生产工具功能的分化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
石铲和石钺在我国新石器时代之初是较为普遍的生产工具,后来随着社会经济的发展和原始宗教力量的增强,部分石铲和石钺逐渐从生产工具中分化出来,制作日益精美,有的器表还刻有纹饰,成为祭祀或是宗教活动中的仪式用品。本文以石铲和石钺为例对新石器时代生产工具中的仪式用斧现象略作探讨。 相似文献
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关于史前玉、石钺的安柲绑缚方法,多数学者认为是V形末端直接延伸绑缚于柲上。通过对浙江桐庐小青龙良渚文化遗址M10︰2出土玉钺上彩痕的细致观察,可以发现不同的绑缚方法,由此可以判断玉、石钺的安柲绑缚方法是多样的。钺上的V形彩痕由绑缚沾染和有意绘画两种方式造成。 相似文献
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江苏常熟良渚文化遗址 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
《文物》1984,(2)
江苏省常熟市位于长江下游太湖平原的北部。建国以来,在三条桥、黄土山、嘉菱荡三处良渚文化遗址中,发现了玉璧、玉琮、石钺、穿孔石刀等。我会进行了实地调查,并征集了遗物。现报道如下。 相似文献
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江苏金坛三星村新石器时代遗址 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
1993~1998年 ,考古工作者在三星村北发掘了一处新石器时代墓地。该墓地的使用年代约为距今6500~5500年 ,已清理新石器时代墓葬1001座 ,出土随葬品4000余件。墓葬分布密集 ,葬制可分为单人一次葬、多人一次合葬、二次葬、二次迁葬与一次葬合葬等几种形式。随葬品除了精美的玉器和陶器外 ,还出土两套有完整组合的石钺 ,以及刻画抽象符号的板状刻纹骨器。作者将该文化遗存分为三期,认为它们是连续发展的同一考古学文化。 相似文献
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从顾家坡墓地的发掘看史前时代文化交叉地带的部落冲突 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
顾家坡墓地是湖北省第一次完整揭露的一处史前时代的墓地 ,共发现墓葬 2 37座 ,时代为大溪文化晚期到屈家岭文化时期 (距今约 5 30 0年~ 4 6 0 0年 )。通过研究作者注意到 :一定数量的多人二次合葬墓 ;6 0 %左右的男性随葬有石钺 ,有的还同时随葬有骨镞 ,却没有见到石质生产工具用于随葬的情形 ;有的人可能是弓箭的受害者 ;可能存在猎头的现象。综合以上现象 ,以及与周围地区大致同时代的墓地的对比 ,作者认为 ,部落冲突的现象在史前时代是确实存在的 ,而文化交叉地带的部落冲突又远远激烈于文化中心地带。 相似文献
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红山文化的“唯玉为葬”与辽河文明起源特征再认识 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
牛河梁遗址的红山文化墓葬有许多引人瞩目的特点。只葬玉器,不葬或基本不葬陶、石器就是其中最突出的特点之一。牛河梁遗址已正式发掘的积石冢共4个地点,它们是第二、三、五和十六地点。牛河梁第二地点(编号牛2)为多冢组合,东西一线铺开四冢一坛,一、二、四号冢都出有多座墓葬。一号冢(Z1)已发掘墓葬26座,它们的随葬品出土情况是:只随葬玉器墓14座,随葬玉器同时随葬石器墓1座(石器为石钺1件),无随葬品墓11座。未见有随葬 相似文献
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文章从景区定制化服务的设计要求入手,从信息化、便捷化、定制化、专业化、连锁化五个角度分析了景区定制化服务的打造,并扼要阐释了定制服务的细则标准,期望引起对旅游景区定制化服务打造和实施的更多思考与关注。 相似文献
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G. E. Lascalea A. Pifferetti M. E. Fernandez De Rapp N. E. Walse De Reca J. P. Northover 《Archaeometry》2002,44(1):83-94
The characterization of a ceremonial bronze axe is described. The axe is assigned to the Santamarian culture of north‐west Argentina, c. 1000–1470 ad, and was selected to increase presently limited knowledge of prehistoric metallurgy in the Andean region of Argentina. The characterization methods used were electron probe microanalysis, gamma radiography, X‐ray diffraction, optical metallography and microhardness testing. The axe was well cast in a bivalve mould, with the only defects in the area of an ancient fracture. The analysis showed that it is made from a tin bronze with a, probably, accidental addition of lead. Arsenic was found as a surface contamination, probably deriving from arsenic in the water of the stream in which the axe was found. The axe shows that Santamarian craftsmen had the skill to decorate the axe in an artistic style with a strong local accent while providing a functional, annealed and cold‐worked cutting edge. 相似文献
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本文以近年发现的香港西贡沙下遗址出土物为例,借助于新几内亚民族志中有关石斧锛制造的记录,运用"操作链"的分析路径对沙下遗址新石器时代石斧锛作坊的生产系统进行了初步重建。将石斧锛的制造过程分为原料采备与毛坯预制、粗坯整形、研磨成器三个阶段,对各生产阶段产品的变化以及香港新石器时代石器专业作坊的兴衰做了讨论,认为在香港新石器时代晚期,石斧锛生产已趋于专业化。 相似文献
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襄樊市牌坊岗新石器时代遗址位于汉水以北、南阳盆地的南部边缘。2004年进行了首次发掘,发掘面积175平方米,揭露了石家河文化晚期房址1处、灰坑2座,出土了陶鼎、碗、钵、杯、豆、盘、罐、瓮、缸、器盖、器座、纺轮、制陶拍、网坠、小鸟以及石斧、锛、镞等遗物。初步研究表明,该遗址具有以石家河文化为主体且受到龙山文化较强影响的边缘文化特征。 相似文献
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曲内戈是青铜戈中形制特殊、时代特征鲜明的一类兵器。考古资料显示,曲内戈最早出现于二里头文化三期,主要流行于商代,进入西周早期就急剧衰落了。曲内戈的分布地域比较广,主要见于河南、河北、陕西、山西、山东、湖北等地的商代墓葬中,其中在河南安阳殷墟出土的数量最多。近年来,随着考古资料的日益丰富,对曲内戈进 相似文献
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Federico Bernardini 《Journal of World Prehistory》2018,31(4):485-514
This paper reports the results of a long-term project on the stone axes from Caput Adriae. Available data show that jade axes originating in the western Alps reached the Neolithic groups of Friuli Venezia Giulia and coastal Istria as early as the second half of the 6th millennium BC, during the Danilo/Vla?ka culture. The exchange of this and other classes of lithic artefacts testifies that in this period this area was fully integrated into long-distance exchange systems that used mainly coastal routes. These systems would have continued in the 5th millennium BC, as indicated by a few oversized jade axe blades and other materials. Far from the coast, jade axes entered central Slovenia, probably reaching sites of the Sava Group of the Lengyel culture in the first half of the 5th millennium BC. In roughly the same period, shaft-hole axes made of Bohemian metabasites (BM) spread over central and southeastern Europe, crossed the Alps and reached Italy. According to different Neolithic traditions, during the 5th millennium BC Europe appears to be divided into a jade-using western area and a central-eastern BM-using one. During the 4th millennium BC, the exchange networks of Caput Adriae are increasingly influenced by the eastern Alpine and Balkan world, where the raw material sources of the main groups of shaft-hole axes are located. The association of the rocks used for axe production and copper ore suggests that the changes in raw material exploitation strategies during the Copper Age were probably related to the development of the first metallurgy. 相似文献
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The recently-developed laser microprobe 40argon-39 argon technique has been used to give a geological date for a rhyolitic tuff stone axe fragment from the Stonehenge environs. The method requires only milligramme-sized samples and gives dates of sufficient accuracy to aid in provenancing artefacts to sources, as well as information on the heating history of samples. The axe sample is of Lower Carboniferous date (341 ± 5 Ma) and this limits possible sources to outcrops within the Scottish Midland Valley and small altered exposures in Dartmoor. X-ray fluorescence analysis of the axe suggests the Scottish Midland Valley as the more likely source. The laser argon analysis also shows that the implement had not been heated in antiquity. Laser argon-argon dating can, therefore, be a useful tool in artefact study. 相似文献