Witches and the Number Thirteen

JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL FOLK MUSIC COUNCIL, VOL. X, 1958. Reviewed by E. J. N.

PATTERNS IN COMPARATIVE RELIGION. By MIRCEA ELIADE. Translated by Rosemary Sheed. Sheed and Ward, 1958. Pp. 484. 25s. Reviewed by E. O. James.

THE NEW OXFORD HISTORY OF MUSIC, Vol. I, ‘Ancient and Oriental Music’. Edited by EGON WELLESZ. O.U.P., 1957. Pp. xxiv, 530; bibliography; illus. Reviewed by Margaret Dean-Smith.

ORAL TALES OF INDIA. By STITH THOMPSON and JONAS BALYS. Indiana University Press. Pp. 448 + xxvi. $5.00. Reviewed by J. H. H.

GASTER CENTENARY PUBLICATION. Edited by B. SCHINDLER. Percy Lund, Humphries, and Co. Ltd., 1958. Pp. 40. 10s. 6d. Reviewed by E. O. James.

‘The Dead Obolus of the Slavs of Bohemia and Moravia’. By P. RADOMěRSKÝ. Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae, vol. IX, A. Historia, no. 2. Prague, 1955. Pp. 82, with 5 plates and a Map. Reviewed by L. V. Grinsell.

MYTH AND RITUAL IN THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST. By E. O. JAMES. Thames and Hudson, 1958. 35s. Reviewed by E. P. Baker.

ANDROW MYLLAR: a short study of Scotland's first printer. By THOMAS RAE. Greenock, The Signet Press, 1958. Pp. viii, 21. Cloth boards (25 copies) 15s. 6d.; paper covers 7s. 6d. Reviewed by Wilfrid Bonser.

PERIODICAL LITERATURE. Reviewed by Christina Hole.     

Policing paternity: historicising masculinity and sexuality in early-modern France

In early-modern working communities, masculinity for young lower-rank men was embedded in particular performances and practices of licit intimacy. This essay analyses the specific expectations and parameters for men as well as women through which communities acknowledged and validated expressions of youth sexuality while marking and policing boundaries beyond which youthful courtship could become threatening to household and neighbourhood stability. Young men and women were the focus of these efforts just as they themselves participated in the assessment of appropriate behaviour. These issues suggest an on-going negotiation and contestation about what was appropriate for single men and women in terms of intimacy, and a clear sense that a violation of the community norms carried consequences for men as well as women.     

Modern Swabian Folk-Beliefs about Witches

DIVINE HORSEMEN: The Living Gods of Haiti. By MAYA DEREN. Thames and Hudson. London and New York. 1953. pp. 350. 25s. net. Reviewed by E. O. James.

THE OLDEST STORIES IN THE WORLD. Edited by Theodor H. Gaster. The Voking Press. New York. 1952. pp. 238. $5.00. Reviewed by E. O. James.

FOLKLORE STUDIES I. THE ITALIAN WELLERISM TO THE END OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY. By CHARLES SPERONI. University of California Press. Berkeley and Los Angeles. 1953. Reviewed by Estella Canziani.

WILD MEN IN THE MIDDLE AGES. By RICHARD BERNHEIMER. Harvard University Press. 1952. xiii + 224 pp. Illustrated. $4.00 25s. (O.U.P.). Reviewed by G. Bullough.

ALBERT WESSELSKI AND RECENT FOLKTALE THEORIES. By EMMA EMILY KIEFER. Indiana University Publications ; Folklore Series, No. 3, 1947. Pp. 84. Reviewed by R. M. Dawkins.

HIGHLAND SETTLER : a portrait of the Scottish Gael in Nova Scotia. Front., ix, 179 p., maps. University of Toronto Press. $4, Geoffrey Cumberledge 32s. 1953. By DUNN, CHARLES W. Reviewed by Shirley E. A. King.     

Invincible blades and invulnerable bodies: weapons magic in early-modern Germany

In the world of the occult, as in other realms, the tools and methods chosen by women and men reflected acceptable ways of ‘doing’ gender. This paper will concentrate on magical spells and blessings intended to give men an advantage in sword fights, make them invulnerable, or turn them into perfect marksmen. Because magical practices associated with guns and blades were related to early-modern thinking about masculine power and performance, they were less harshly treated than the kind of magic more often associated with women. Many of these hypermasculine spells drew on contemporary medical beliefs about natural sympathies, including the idea that sympathies existed between the dead and the living. For this reason, invulnerability and weapon spells usually included materials from male corpses (for example, body parts, moss growing on dead men's skulls, and so on). As learned belief in natural magic waned during the Enlightenment, stories of magic blades and bullets retreated from courts and battlefields into the world of fiction and fantasy.     

Making Witches: Newfoundland Traditions of Spells and Counterspells

Le Folk-Lore de France, par PAUL Sébillot. Tome iv. Le Peuple et l'Histoire. Paris: E. Guilmoto, 1907. By E. Sidney Hartland.

The Jataka, or Stories of the Buddha's former Births, translated from the Pali by various hands, under the editorship of Prof. E. B. Cowell. Vol. VI. Translated By Prof. Cowell and Dr. W. H. D. Rouse. Cambridge: The University Press, 1907. By W. Crooke.

Cradle Tales of Hinduism, by the Sister Nevedita (Margaret E. Noble). London: Longmans, 1907. By W. Crooke.

Folk Tales from Tibet, with Illustrations by a Tibetan Artist and some Verses from Tibetan Love-Songs. Collected and Translated by Capt. W. F. O'Connor. London: Hurst and Blackett, 1906. By A. R. Wright.

The Welsh Fairy Book. By W. Jenkyn Thomas. With 100 Illustrations By W. Pogány. Fisher Unwin, 1907. By Alfred Nutt.

Popular Handbooks of Religions.

1. J. Abrahams, "Judaism"; 2. E. Anwyl, "Celtic Religion in Pre-Christian Times"; 3. C. Bailey, "Religion of Ancient Rome"; 4. L. D. Barnett, "Hinduism"; 5. W. A. Craigie, "Religion Of Ancient Scandinavia"; 6. W. M. F. Petrie, " Religion of Ancient Egypt " ; 7. T. G. Pinches, " Religion of Babylonia and Assyria"; 8. C. Squire, "Mythology of Ancient Britain and Ireland. " London: Constable &; Co., 1906-7. By W. Crooke.

Short Bibliographical Notices.

Volkskundliche Zeitschriftenschau für 1904, herausgegeben im Auftrage der hessischen Vereinigung für Volkskunde von L. Dietrich. Leipzig: Teubner, 1907. pp. 328. By N. W. Thomas.

Transactions of the First Annual Congress of the European Theosophical Society, held at Amsterdam, 1904. Edited By Johan van Mauen. Amsterdam, 1906. Second Congress, London, 1905. London, 1907. Third Congress, Paris, 1906. London, 1907.

Trans. I., Amsterdam.

E. Weise, Fraternity as found in the Laws of Primitive Races. (Marriage-Laws, Taboo, Totemism, Etc.)

D. v. Hinlasper, Labbertav Kitab Tasaref. (A Dutch Paper, relating to a curious Javanese philosophical work.) By W. F. Kirby.

Trans. II., London.

A. Von Ulrich, The Religion of our Forefathers ; The Mythology of Germany in the Light of Theosophy. (Deals chiefly with the Eddas and the Sagas connected with them.) By W. F. Kirby.

Trans. III., Paris.

George M. Doe, Some Folklore Gleanings, principally from Devonshire. (An important paper, including notes on Omens and Warnings, Charms and Incantations, Witchcraft, and Beliefs and Customs.)

A. Von Ulrich, The Religion of our Forefathers in the SlavonicRace. (Some of the remains of old religious beliefs to be found among the Lithuanians, Russians, Bohemians and Poles, and the Wends and Prussians.)

M. U. Green, Some Notes on the Voyage of Bran, with special references to other Planes and States of Being.

Ed. Bailly, Invocation Aux Dieux Planitaires By W. F. Kirby.

Orkney and Shetland Old Lore, vol. i., 1907, and vol. ii., part i., January, 1908: together with Diplomalarium Orcadense et Hialtlandense. Collected and edited by Alfred W. Johnston, Amy Johnston, and Jón Stefánsson. London : Printed at the King's Weigh House for the Viking Club.     

行走苏格兰

爱丁堡 从英国南部乘火车北上苏格兰,第一站自然是苏格兰的首府爱丁堡.世界上奇特的城市很多,但爱丁堡绝对是一个与众不同的城市,一个会让你过目不忘的城市.在苏格兰的历史上,爱丁堡就像一面旗帜,这面旗帜上留有无数的历史印迹,上面写满了光荣与梦想,也留下了悲伤与惆怅.在苏格兰和英格兰几百年的历史纷争中,爱丁堡就像一个勇敢的古代骑士,坚守着传统的苏格兰精神. 爱丁堡的城市分为旧城区和新城区.旧城区大部分的建筑都是建在山坡上,从著名的王子大街走向爱丁堡城堡恍如置身于中世纪.而要俯视整个老城则要到新城的卡尔顿山山顶.