Social Change and Residential Differentiation: Perth 1971-81

Despite the continuing interest in urban residential patterns in Australia, few studies have dealt with changes over time. Using a variety of social indicators, this paper examines spatial differentiation in Perth between 1971 and 1981, focussing in particular on the proposition that, over time, social inequality within an urban area has a tendency to increase (Stilwell and Hardwick, 1973). However, although the results provide only limited evidence of this, structural changes in the workforce are clearly reflected in changing patterns of residential differentiation. The findings also illustrate the effects of social change in inner city areas and have important theoretical implications.     

Mobilizing Manhood: Gender and the Great Strike in Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand

The Great Strike of 1890 in Australia and New Zealand symbolized the rise of class, influenced nationalist discourse, and shaped labour politics. It also signified a crisis in gender relations. Conservatives and unionists openly contested the meaning of masculinity, mobilizing concepts of manhood in ways specific to class, community, ethnicity and age. Both groups were alarmed by the role women played in the dispute; attacks on scabs and special constables and the occupation of public, ‘male’ spaces challenged ascribed boundaries, customs and locales, and revived a rich tradition of pre-industrial protest.     

宁夏明长城资源调查中三则新发现

明代中期以后为防御蒙古套部扰掠,在今宁夏南北分设固原、宁夏两镇,所谓“九边重镇”独占其二。同时先后修筑了包括“河东墙”及“沿河边墙”、“深沟高垒”与“横城大边”、“旧北长城”与“北长城”“西长城”“固原内边”以及“徐斌水新边”等数条备边工事。本文拟就长城资源调查中新发现与确认的明代对固原镇城附近战国秦长城的修缮利用、“徐斌水新边”长城以及“河东壕堑”三则新发现及相关情况略作介绍论述。     

New Regionalism and Planning for Water Quality Improvement in the Great Barrier Reef,Australia

New regionalism encompasses a diversity of approaches to address regional planning problems. Within Australia, the Great Barrier Reef Water Quality Protection Plan was developed to enhance water quality within the World Heritage-listed Great Barrier Reef, and the plan gave responsibility to regional, natural resource management bodies to undertake several actions. This paper evaluates these initiatives in the light of the emerging theory of new regionalism and highlights six main lessons: up-scaling of the catchment approach to a reef-wide approach is essential in order to improve water quality, but must be complemented by cross-regional collaboration; new governance and institutional arrangements and strengthened partnerships must be effectively integrated; culture and history are important in determining the most effective management approaches; pilot projects must move to comprehensive and strategic implementation; science is important but needs to incorporate other branches of knowledge; and economic incentives are important in encouraging the implementation of best practices, but delivery needs to be flexible. We conclude that the new regional approach is appropriate for addressing complex, multi-scale problems such as water quality, and has incorporated several key principles of new regionalism, but that the process must move quickly to a higher level of commitment and application.     

Gettysburg and the Great War

Fifty years after the conclusion of the Civil War, the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania faced the challenge of another war. From 1914 to 1917, the townspeople followed events in Europe closely, becoming vehement supporters of the American entry into the war by April 1917. In 1918, the Gettysburg Battlefield became inundated with American soldiers for the second time in its history, as doughboys trained for overseas service on the site of Pickett’s Charge. This paper considers the way the town of Gettysburg reacted to and mobilized for the First World War. It explores the notion of a ‘forgotten’ American war in a place that is perpetually haunted by war memories.     

《防海新论》与同光之际海防大讨论

德国人希理哈的《防海新论》可能是近代输入中国的第一本外国军事理论作。由于这本作所探讨的内容正切合中国海防建设的现实需要,故而引起清廷一部分官员的高度重视。他们在1874—1875年的海防大讨论中,一方面吸取了中国第一、二次鸦片战争被动挨打的经验教训,一方面接受了希理哈的海防观念,提出了比较先进的海防建设计划。此次海防讨论虽然最终未能达成共识,但我们仍应肯定希理哈《防海新论》译介到中国后所产生的积极影响。     

Mead-Halls of the Oiscingas: A New Kentish Perspective on the Anglo-Saxon Great Hall Complex Phenomenon

THE GREAT HALL complex represents one of the most distinctive and evocative expressions of the Anglo-Saxon settlement record, and is widely cited as a metaphor for the emergence of kingship in early medieval England. Yet interpretation of these sites remains underdeveloped and heavily weighted towards the excavated findings from the well-known site of Yeavering in Northumberland. Inspired by the results of recent excavations at Lyminge, Kent, this paper undertakes a detailed comparative interrogation of three great hall complexes in Kent, and exploits this new regional perspective to advance our understanding of the agency and embodied meanings of these settlements as ‘theatres of power’. Explored through the thematic prisms of place, social memory and monumental hybridity, this examination leads to a new appreciation of the involvement of great hall sites in the genealogical strategies of 7th-century royal dynasties and a fresh perspective on how this remarkable, yet short-lived, monumental idiom was adapted to harness the symbolic capital of Romanitas.     

Manuel Komnenos and the Great Palace

Abstract

That the emperor Manuel I Komnenos (1143–80) was responsible for some building activity in the Great Palace of Constantinople is a fact well attested by published sources and not entirely unknown to modern scholarship. However, the armchair archaeology of this work remains confused and obscure, and can benefit from a fresh review of the evidence.     

Geographical Patterns and Some Causes of Spatial Econoetic Variations in Perth,Western Australia

The 54 government senior high schools (SHS) in the Perth metropolitan area provide enough points for a spatial analysis in the search for indicators and correlations that may be used in relation to the results of the Australian scaling test (AST) and the tertiary entrance examination (TEE) in Western Australia. Spatial data are shown by maps, and statistical correlation pairings by graphs. The findings emphasize the great importance of socio-economic factors, such as parents' own education and employment, income and housing standard, as influences on the children's educational choices and results. The disadvantaged position of Aborigines in this respect is also stressed. This type of analysis may help in the planning of new school locations and in the choice of subjects to be offered by each school according to the suburb's socio-economic characteristics. From this analysis emerges a strong geographical pattern which separates a western prosperous belt from an underprivileged eastern belt. This separation has a long history and is due to a combination of landscape morphology, soil quality and drainage.