新中国土地改革后新富农产生的规模与分布研究

从土地改革结束到农业集体化高潮前夕,新富农的出现从全国范围来看是稀少而缓慢的。在各省之间,农民的富裕程度与新富农比重大小关系不明显,但在同一地区内来看,两者呈现正相关关系。同时,在农业合作化程度较高亦即是较早对新富农采取限制政策的地区,新富农的比重并不一定低于甚至高于其他地区。这说明多种因素对新富农的产生、发展发生作用,单因素的分析不能解释清楚新富农这个复杂的社会经济问题。     

Caravan Parks and the AprWMay 1988 New South Wales Floods

Caravan parks are an important component of the tourist industry. They serve as the dormitory and the focal point for the immediate environs at places of interest. This paper investigates the characteristics and the occupancy of parks which were inundaled by water during the April/May floods of 1988 in New South Wales. It looks at the number of people at risk, and the appropriateness of caravan parks occupying land liable to flood. This form of accommodation offers people a great flexibility in their holidaying patterns but when long-term or permanent caravans are concentrated in parks on floodprone land they pose a number of problems. In addition to human elements such as personal property damage and social disruption, substantial disaster relief payments from public funds are required. It appears quite inappropriate 10 allow floodprone caravan parks to have sites occupied on a long-term basis.     

New Evidence of the Effect of Transaction Costs on Residential Mobility*

Abstract. Transaction costs have attracted considerable attention in the theoretical literature on residential mobility. Transaction costs are thought to cause suboptimal consumption of housing but may also negatively affect labor market outcomes. In the current paper, we demonstrate empirically for the Netherlands that transaction costs have a strong negative effect on the owners' probability of moving. Under a range of different specifications, it appears that a 1 percent‐point increase in the value of transaction costs—as a percentage of the value of the residence—decreases residential mobility rates by (at least) 8 percent. The estimates imply that ownership to ownership mobility rates would be substantially higher in the absence of the current 6 percent ad valorem buyer transaction tax. Our estimates are consistent with the observation that in the Netherlands ad valorem transaction costs mainly consist of buyer transaction costs.     

黄土地上过大年

新年伊始,我应朋友之邀赴陕北米脂．拍摄个普通农家的婚礼．为好奇,为拍片．为看一眼窑洞．更为那句“米脂的婆姨绥德的汉,青涧的钉板瓦窑堡的炭”的民谣,人年三十,我如约前往。     

土地产权的变革与英国农业革命

英国农业革命是英国由传统的农业社会迈向工业文明的桥梁,它以土地产权的变革为基础,经历了大约三百年的时间,使农业劳动生产率得以大幅度提高,在其世界工场地位确立的同时,农业也达到了前所未有的辉煌程度。     

Village and community in early colonial New England

The long-standing correlation between community function and nucleated settlement form in early colonial New England is mistaken. Puritan communities were established, but new communities—often called villages in colonial records—were developed and survived quite well regardless of settlement form. As in England at the time, village meant community and community was a social web. Village status in New England provided a community with land and thus enabled the community to undertake settlement. But the social web that comprised community did not require nucleated settlement, and the dispersed settlement form that many colonists had known in England dominated the village landscape of early colonial New England.