论谷崎润一郎短篇小说的艺术特色

谷崎润一郎是日本唯关派文学大师。当前国内学者对其研究主要集中于其长篇小说方面,对其短篇小说尤其是其艺术特色研究甚少。本文欲从细腻的心理描写、精巧的奇妙构思、新颖的题材选取和独特的艺术视角等方面,解读其短篇小说集所呈现的艺术特色。     

Parental Grief and Mourning in the Ancient Andes

Parental grief is an intense emotion shaped and mediated by cultural attitudes toward death, the strength of parent-child attachment, the age of the deceased child, and the role of children in society. Despite some assertions that high infant mortality or economic hardship may lessen parental grief, cross-cultural studies show that child death often causes emotional distress to parents, in particular mothers. Funerary treatments of children, especially infants, are often simplified, contradicting more immediate and immaterial expressions of parental grief that cannot be studied archaeologically. In this study, I examine the funerary treatment of children in ancient Andean Tiwanaku society (A.D. 500–1100). I assess the use of ritual practices and objects associated with children’s burials as indicative of children’s social identities and parental mourning. The nature of grave assemblages in regard to different ages of the children suggests that parental attitudes toward their children changed over the course of childhood. The choice of offerings seems to reflect parental attachment to and recognition of the child’s life. Modifications of ceramic vessels point to the intimate mourning gestures of grieving mothers who sought to provide their deceased children with the necessary offerings to assume their place among the community of venerated ancestors. This study draws on ethnographic, psychological, and ethnohistoric sources of parent-child bonds in the Andes and beyond to investigate children’s burials not merely as reflective of childhood and children’s role in society but as the material record of parental attachment and emotion in the past.     

Imaginary Worlds,Real Stories

St Edmund, King and Martyr survived the Reformation as a hero and emblem of East Anglian regional identity. This article traces the development of the post-Reformation Edmund in ‘popular’ sources, including his continuing presence in the landscape and the influence of the nineteenth-century ‘cult of commemoration’ on perceptions of the saint.     

Norman Duncan's First Short Story Cycle,The Soul of the Street: Correlated Stories of the New York Syrian Quarter

Norman Duncan (1871–1916) is best known as the Canadian expatriate author of adventure stories set in the fishing ports of Newfoundland at the turn of the last century. But Duncan, who was at the time a journalist in New York, began his career as a fiction writer in quite different territory. His first book was the mostly forgotten short story cycle The Soul of the Street: Correlated Stories of the New York Syrian Quarter (1900). In providing analysis of that book's cyclical structure and sociopolitical themes, the present essay shows that The Soul of the Street deserves to be better known for comprehensive literary-historical, political-cultural, and aesthetic reasons that should continue, some hundred years after its publication, to have an engaging, and indeed an increasing, relevance for our multicultural urban world.     

Living with Stories: Telling,Re-Telling,and Remembering

THE FOLKTALE. By Stith Thompson. New York, the Dryden Press; 1946. Pp. x and 510. $6. Reviewed by Kenneth Jackson.

CONTRIBUCIÓN AL ESTUDIO DE LA MKDICINA POPULAR CANARIA. By José Pérez Vidal. Offprint from Tagoro (Anuario del Instituto de Estudios Canarios), 1944, pp. 29–88, La Laguna de Tenerife, 1945. Reviewed by W. L. Hildburgh.     

试论宋代的葬期

通过对南、北方地区出土墓志、地券中记载宋人葬期的统计,得到了对宋人葬期的一些初步认识。根据这些认识提出了宋人葬期过长是宋代的普遍现象,并且探讨了这一现象的原因。     

略谈魏晋的杂传

魏晋时代是我国政治、文化发生重大变迁的时代,同时在魏晋时期史部的地位上升,摆脱了《汉书·艺文志》中经学的附属地位,而魏晋杂传的大量出现是推动史部地位上升的重要动力。杂传的产生与魏晋时代品评人物的社会风气有着密切的关联,本文主要通过分析郡书、家传、别传三种类型的杂传,来探讨杂传与当时的社会风气,尤其是士族文化之间的关系。     

Fish Stories: Science, Advocacy, and Policy Change in New England Fishery Management

Once the poster child for government-sponsored overfishing, New England by 2005 had become a fishery conservation success story. This article develops and deploys a problem-definition framework to explain the dramatic shift from a permissive to a protective fishery management regime in New England. I argue that neither new and improved scientific information nor pressure from powerful commercial interests caused government officials to modify their approach to fishery management. Instead, environmentalists used lawsuits to threaten fishery managers' autonomy and thereby forced them to replace fishers' risk-tolerant definition of the problem with environmentalists' more precautionary one as the basis for management. Environmentalists had legal leverage because they were able to demonstrate convincingly a substantial discrepancy between what the agency's governing statute required and what managers actually did. Two factors were critical to environmentalists' success: a compelling and credible scientific story about the relationship between fishing and the health of fish stocks, and an explicit conservation requirement in the language governing fishery management.     

Gardens, Legitimation, and Resistance

Eighteenth-century garden design has been interpreted in terms of legitimation, a tool with which elites attempted to maintain power and authority over marginalized groups. But most acts of aesthetic landscaping, it can be argued, were primarily directed not towards the poor but to rival groups within the propertied. Similarly, any opposition to the dominant ideology expressed in the design of landscape was mainly mounted by disaffected groups within the ranks of the franchised. In so far as the poor in this period inscribed their mark upon the land, it was in acts of vandalism or reappropriation which have left little direct trace in the archaeological record.