UNIQUE ILLUSTRATIONS IN TIBETAN BUDDHIST SUTRAS

The illustrations for Tibetan sutras are coloured in two ways:in black and white or colours-the monotone illustrations accompanying Tibetan characters and usually engraved on woodblocks.The illustrations are often showed on the cover pages or two sides of the head pages of sutras; they are frequently displayed at two frames and in the middle of end pages.In this paper,I am going to introduce the     

山西夏县东阴遗址调查试掘报告

Dongyin site of the Upper Erligang period(early Shang),locates at Dongyin village,about 7.5km south to Xiaxian town. For understanding the content and the nature of this site,especially for rescue purpose,we did a surveying and an excavation of 170m^2 in Feb: 2000. Despite of various potteries and stones,a large of raw bone of the Upper Erligang period were found. These materials are important for our research on the procedure of bone artifact making and the nature of the site. The result of surveying of several time and one excavation of this site are reported in this paper.     

GYANTSE SPRING PLOUGHING CEREMONY

With a total of 765.6 hectares of plowed land,Kharmey Township is the principal place for grain production in Gyantse.Villagers, including both men and women,old or young and dressed in festival costumes,are crowding together at the edge of the field in the early morning;they place buttered tea, barley yeasted wine,sutra steamers, and incense burners for prayers for     

丹巴古碉建筑文化综览(英文)

The upper reaches of the Three Rivers of western Sichuan~1 is one of the areas which boast ancient Tibetan and Qiang pillboxes. Danba county~2 was and is well known for the architectural culture of ancient pillboxes. The county was hence famed as "the country of a thousand pillboxes." According to the documents I have in hand and the fieldwork I made in the area, the pillboxes of Danba county are the most numerous, widest in distribution, most complete in function and type, and the clearest and longest in historical development among all counties. Danba is the most suitable place for studying ancient pillboxes and also for solving the mystery of the architectural culture of ancient pillboxes in the area of the Three Rivers.     

A COLLECTIVE APPROACH TO PRODUCTION LIFTS THE ECONOM＂ OF A SMALL VILLAGE IN NORTH TIBET

An improved income for a tiny village in a sparsely populated area of Northern Tibet, where about 90 households are living, is the result of taking a collective approach to production over a number of years. The people of the village are living in spacious and comfortable houses where they can access both radio and television programs.     

INTRODUCTION OF THE K■LACAKRA MANTRA-TENFOLD POWERFUL ONE

The Four Natural Elements and Their Relation to the Nature of Reality and the Human Potential for Healing and Enlightenment All phenomena are made from the four elements and thus are related in the sense of sharing the same essential nature(e.g,, the four elements),Moreover.all phenomena can be classified in terms of the triad of outer,inner,and alternative things. This principles common to most Tantric systems and is a     

NEW TIBET PHOTO SHOW HELD IN BEJING

The photo show, held jointly by the China Association for the Preservation and Development of Tibetan Culture, China's Tibet magazine and the TAR Federation for Literature and Art, opened in the Art Hall of the China Millennium Art Museum in Beijing on Dec. 16-26, 2005.Pictured here are two honorary presi- dents of the Association-Radi (Vice- Chairman of the NPC Standing Committee) and Liu Yandong (Vice- Chairman of the CPPCC National Com- mittee and Minister in charge of the …     

彭城禅石悟道人——记徐州藏石家金山

To collect stones is an ancient folk custom in Xu Zhou, where there are many stone collectors of great achievements. Mr. Jin Shan is one of them. Having a deep love for stone and seizing opportunities for stone collecting, he made a large collection. The stones that he collects have profound cultural contents and are helpful for spiritual cultivation.     

News in Brief

正Two Tibetans Awarded for Reform and Opening-up Contributions China awarded 100 people for their contributions for the country's 40 years of reform and opening-up at a gathering in the Great Hall of the People on Dec. 18th. Among the 100 people,there are two ethnic Tibetans. One is Nyima Dondrup from Ngari Prefecture in Tibet and the other is Sonam Dargye from the Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai province.     

A Brier Introduction to Titetan Masks

The art of Tibetan masks forms an essential element of traditional Tibetan culture. The masks are famous for their unique style, diversity of shapes and characteristically simple, unsophisticated and primeval beauty. Tibetan masks are therefore an important area for research. This article intends to give a brief introduction to the masks in order to offer readers a basic overview of this art.     

A Small Project In Tibet——Project for Strengthening Tibetan Traditional Medicine （PSTTM）

The Tibetan Red Cross has a branch in Tibet and in LhasaCity, whose members are openminded, non bureaucratic and sincerely dedicated to the improvement of poor people‘s standard of living and life conditions. So, at the end of the year 2000, they accepted a small project that they have been working with and supporting since with success. The cooperation of local authorities (Lhundrup and Medrogongkar)at every stage and level also contributed enormously to the achievements of the project, It must be underlined that although the sponsors are Europeans and there is one foreigner working with inPSTTM, the work and expertise are solely based on local Tibetan and Chinese knowledge. The reason is simple: there is enough local knowledge for everything needed for this project.     

FIVE MONKS ARE CONFERRED WITH GESHI LHARAMBA DEGREES IN LHASA

The annual examination for the Geshi Lharamba Degree in Tibetan Buddhism was held on the 17th of March in 2007 at the Jokhang Monastery in Lhasa.Following the degrees granted in 2005 and 2006,another five monk scholars have passed the examination of sutra debating and are finally conferred with the degree of Geshi Lharamba.     

An Interview with Professors Tang Cheng and Yue Hua

On the morning of May 16th in the Village of Jarlama, in the Township Village of Achok in the County of Hongyuan, our interview team finally found Professor Tang Cheng and his team members. They are experts on veterinary medicine from the School of Life Sciences and Technology in theSouthwest University for Nationalities. Threes days before, Professor Tang Cheng received a call from the prairie to Chengdu Campus and was told that a group of yak calves had diarrhea. As soon as he put down the phone, Professor Tang began to organize his students, packed experimental equipment for them, and drove for the highland. Before we arrived at Hongyuan, they had been working on the plateau for two days.     

Taking a Taxi IN LHASA

Downtown Lhasa covers an area of 52 square km, and has a resident population of 180,000. In the early 1980s, roads were paved with dirt and the citizens relied on bicycles for intra-city travel. Two bus routes emerged in the mid-1980s, and city roads were widened and asphalted in the 1990s.With Tibet's door opening wider to the outside world, more visitors are coming to Lhasa. Cashing in on the opportunity, a taxi service appeared in the 1980s.Nowadays, there are some 1,100 cabs plying city streets. A considerable number are the Volkswagen Santana model. Although distance meters have been installed, taxi drivers love to charge customers at the fixed rate of 10 Yuan for inner-city travel.     

Langmar Hall in Yerpa Village

Langmar Hall is a ＂Tibetan KTV＂. As in other cities like Lhasa, it is a very crowded place and also a big draw card for tourists. Different from KTVs in the mainland, Langmar Hall does not charge admission. It makes money from beer consumption, so the waitresses are happy to open beers for customers. They often stand beside you, raise your glass and propose a toast to you. Friends from the mainland are not aware of this trick, and believe it is required etiquette, so they are happy to drink as much as they can. People in Lhasa make fun of this and say that the     

Beijing Tibet Middle School

The year marks the 20th anniversary of the Central Government decision to run Tibet middle schools in the hinterland. At present, there are such schools or Tibetan classes in 26 provinces and municipalities directly under the Central Government. They work to train technical personnel and teachers for Tibet. Launched in 1987, the Beijing Tibet Middle School has since trained more than 2,800 middle and high school students for Tibet. Many of them returned to Tibet for construction.     

A COLLECTIVE APPROACH TO PRODUCTION LIFTS THE ECONOMY OF A SMALL VILLAGE IN NORTH TIBET

<正>An improved income for a tiny village in a sparsely populated area of Northern Tibet,where about 90 households are living,is the result of taking a collective approach to production over a number of years.The people of the village are living in spacious and comfortable houses where they can access both radio and television programs. One day in summer,we set off from the Tsonyi Special Zone and drove northward,passing towns and villages,to arrive at the legendary nomadic township of Gyatso.     

科技对当代西藏游牧民生活的影响（英文）

<正>The landscape of Tibetan grassland has experienced great changes in recent years.Some of them are visible,for example,fenced pastures,brick buildings,paved roads,vehicle tracks,electric wires,telephone towers,and so on.Some of them are invisible,for instance,nomads’attitude toward pastoralism and husbandry under the backdrop of market economy.The aim     

Aquatic Bird Winter In Lhunzhub County （Ⅱ）

EDITOR＇S NOTE The water birds wintering in Lhunzhub are peculiar to the many wetlands subject to special protection in Tibet. With a view to preventing overspending and destroying the hilly areas and the grasslands, the State has been working hard to seek protection of the wetlands, and the Forestry Bureau of Lhunzhub County seeks to control soil erosion by planting trees and gross. The problem is that the lacul.farmers are still ploughing the.fields deeper and deeper so as to increase their grain output, which endangers the living conditians of those water birds that survive by hunting for leftover grain in the fields, and the black-necked cranes especially are now on the verge of extinction.     

Sacrificial Objects Related to Master Zongkapa

Buddha halls and sutra halls of monasteries are where the Tibetans pay sacrifices to the deities. In addition, the Tibetans create niches for the same purpose at home.Butter SculpturesIn 1409 Zongkapa built the Gandain Monastery and thereafter created the Gelug Sect. Upon his death, his holy stupa was built in the Gandain Monastery for public worship.Many doctrines of the Sect and many of its rituals are associated with Master Zongkapa. A case in point is the relations between him and butter sculptures.Legend has it that in the first Tibetan month of 1409, Zongkapa appeared at the Grand Summons Ceremony attended by some 10,000 monks in Lhasa. One night after hat, he had a dream seeing dried grass and trees turn into fresh flowers and thorns into bright lights, a spectacular scene.