《山》《海》《荒》经的比较——《山海经》研读札记之三

《海经》、《荒经》从字上看与《山经》风格相近,但从内容上看,与《山经》的差别很大。前已说明,《海》、《荒》二经是同一题材的不同版本,它们的共同性是主要的,故先把《海》、《荒》放在一起来讨论其与《山经》的差异。     

帛书《易传》研究综述

本文共分"帛书《系辞》研究综述"、"帛书《二三子问》、《易之义》、《要》篇研究综述"、"帛书《缪和》、《昭力》研究综述"三个部分综述了帛书《易传》的研究情况,在每一部分中,文章又以研究主题为线索,分别介绍学界的研究成果。文章在最后介绍了研究帛书《周易》的几部论文集和专著。     

试论《尔雅》的性质

据顾言武的《日知录》考证,《尔雅》人经应在唐代。唐宗时,在原有“九经”的基础上,又增加了《孝经》、《论语》、《尔雅》三部书,为“十二经”。宋代,《孟子》人经,始有“十三经”之称。     

编辑部里的“冰书挑战”：分享对你影响最大的十本书

万静波：《圣经》、《道德经》、《论语》、《世说新语》、沈从文《湘行散记》、歌德《歌德谈话录》、夏多布里昂《墓中回忆录》、黄灿然译《里尔克诗选》、村上春树《挪威的森林》、惠特曼《草叶集》。刘珏欣：按阅读时间顺序：《十万个为什么绘图版》、《乱马1／2》、《西游记》、《红楼梦轶《巴黎圣母院》、《聊斋志异》、《青铜时代》、《芥川龙之介全集》、《悉达多》、《三体》。     

楚辞“乱曰”新证

《离骚》：“乱曰：已矣哉,国无人莫我知兮,又何怀乎故都。”王逸注云：“乱,理也。所以发理词指,总撮其要也。”除《离骚》外,《涉江》、《哀郢》、《抽思》、《怀沙》、《招魂》等作品中也有“乱曰”。《康熙字典》云：“又乐之卒章曰乱。”“乱”应该训为理,还是训为乐之卒章?本文将谈谈我的意见和理由。     

邓粲《元明纪》《晋纪》《晋阳秋》三书关系考

现存《晋书》、《隋书》、《旧唐书》、《新唐书》等史书记载中,邓粲所撰晋史有三种不同名称,分别是《元明纪》、《晋纪》、《晋阳秋》.经笔者考证,三者实为二书即《元明纪》和《晋阳秋》,前者主要记载东晋元、明二朝事,故以《元明纪》名之,被后人称作《晋纪》;后者记事迄于晋孝武帝,亦被后人称作《晋纪》.《元明纪》与《晋阳秋》成书后...     

卵生徐偃王传说试解

一个世代传承的文化母题早在两三千年以前,今苏北大地上曾经存在过一个历史悠久、国力强盛、文化发达的古徐国。而在徐国的历史上,徐偃王无疑是一位声名最为显赫、影响最为广泛的国君,《荀子》、《韩非子》、《淮南子》、《尸子》、《楚辞》、《论衡》、《说苑》以及《史记》、《后汉书》、《水经注》等早期的文献都曾记载过他的事迹,有的其至还将他和尧、舜、周公、伊尹、周文王、孔子等     

我们太念旧

很难想象,一个80年代前期出生的人会没有看过吴宇森的电影。《英雄本色》、《喋血双雄》、《纵横四海》和《地道战》、《地雷战》、《西游记》、《红楼梦》、《变形金刚》、《圣斗士星矢》混杂存一起,是一个80后影像记忆的标配.     

戴震与《孟子字义疏证》

南北所治,章句好尚,互有不同。江左《周易》则王辅嗣,《尚书》则孔安国,《左传》则杜元凯。河、洛《左传》则服子慎,《尚书》《周易》则郑康成。《诗》则并主于毛公,《礼》则同尊于郑氏。大抵南人约简,得其英华,北学深芜,穷其枝叶。     

从出土文献谈《诗经·国风》的诠释问题：以《关睢》为例

通过研究上博《孔子诗论》、马王堆帛书《五行》以及其他各种早期资料中关于《关雎》的讨论，本文阐明，在战国晚期和秦汉时期对这一文本的理解与《毛传》和西汉《三家诗》中的诠释相当不同。这种早期的诠释将《关雎》与传统上被认作“淫诗”的一些文本——尤其是《郑风·将仲子》和《陈风·月出》——联系起来。此外，本文提议就《国风》整体而言，《毛传》不仅仅是对一部已存在的公认的《诗》的原始文本的诠释，还同时通过其选字、训诂注释和《小序》的整体效果，决定文本的字词与意义。换句话说，我们不能在摒弃《小序》的同时还继续接受《毛传》的训诂注释；我们也不能依靠《毛诗》和《毛传》来决定在《孔子诗论》一类文本中讨论的《国风》的字词与意义。     

Telling small stories: spaces of knowledge and the practice of geography

This article examines how the practice of learning geography, and the arenas in which knowledge-making takes place, can be usefully positioned within changing histories of the discipline. It contends that networks of action – understood through the intersection of social sites, subjects and sources – present a conceptual framework and narrative focus for the re-consideration of specific episodes from geography's past. The interventions made here are informed and illustrated by a 'small story' about the doing of geography. Based on different personal accounts, the story revives a series of events, encounters, dialogues and images dating back to the winter of 1951 at Glenmore Lodge, Scotland. This educational institution in the Cairngorm mountains offered children from urban areas the opportunity to learn field studies and the skills of 'outdoor citizenship'. Initially, the focus falls on Margaret Jack, a 14-year-old field-course participant. Her learning experiences are traced through personal letters, a diary and a field journal dating from that time, and her recent recollections of this event. Margaret's account dovetails with the story of her field studies instructor, Robin Murray. Robin's role is traced through his learning experiences as a geography undergraduate at Aberdeen University, and the recent recollections of Catriona Murray, his wife.     

Das Wissen der Schulden. Recht,Kulturtechnik und Alltagserfahrung im liberalen Kapitalismus

The Knowledge of Debt: Law, Media Technique, and Everyday Experience in Liberal Capitalism. Performing an object such as ‘the economy’ hinges on practices of formatting knowledge. The article proposes to look at such instituting moments in connection with social conflicts over the legitimate rules of exchange. This is exemplified by way of recounting the story of the codification of Swiss bankruptcy law in 1889. In order to homogenize the legal procedures of debt collection and bankruptcy, two subject categories were instituted: ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. These different categories were thought to account for the diverging temporalities and spaces of credit exchange in everyday economic life. The introduction of the commercial register, a media-technical apparatus, enabled a formal distinction between ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. However, this boundary was contested and proved to be porose.     

Two radiocarbon dates for freshwater shells from hierakonpolis: Archaeological and geological interpretations

Shells of two species of freshwater bivalve (Unio willcocksi Bullen Newton and Etheria elliptica Lamarck) from the predynastic Gerzean (Nagada II) Decorated Tomb at Hierakonpolis, Egypt have given dates of 5000±90 bp for the tomb, and 12,900±120 bp for an episode of Nile terrace accumulation (correlated here with the Sahaba-Darau aggradation event). The archaeological and geological significance of these results is discussed, together with an outline of problems associated with radiocarbon dating of shell. Comparisons are made with the few other radiocarbon dates available for the Predynastic period in Egypt and possible reasons for the presence of shells in the tomb are considered.     

Some chronological implications of a fossil molluscan assemblage from a neolithic site at Brook,Kent, England

The later post-glacial history of a valley in the chalk escarpment near Brook, Kent, is described, based on molluscan stratigraphy, archaeological evidence and radio-carbon dating. Differences in size and colour banding, respectively, of fossil and living representatives of two species of land snails, Pomatias elegans (Müller) and Cepaea nemoralis (L.), are correlated with climatic change during the post-glacial period. The problems of the use of fossil shells of these species as samples for radiocarbon dating are discussed.     

China's Dynamic Industrial Sector: The Internet Industry

A Singapore-based economic geographer explores and analyzes the spatially uneven evolution of the Internet industry in China, arguing that the country's immense regional disparity in the provision of Internet services is best explained by the interplay of place- and path-dependence. The author demonstrates how the highly uneven regional endowments in relevant industrial and entrepreneurial resources have led to the substantial and persistent regional imbalance within China's emerging "new economy." His initial survey of the country's 100 leading Internet content providers (firms), identified from a listing of ca. 11,700 commercial websites, is selectively augmented to reflect an increase of over 70 million Internet users in 2007, reaching a total of 253 million in June 2008, and thus overtaking the United States as the world's largest Internet market. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: L10, L86, O30. 6 figures, 1 table, 53 references.     

The 1911 International Exposition in Rome: architecture, archaeology, and national identity

This paper discusses the 1911 International Exposition in Rome and illustrates how this patriotic celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of the Italian Sate utilized symbolic landscapes of architecture and archaeology to promote nationalist sentiments of italianità and romanità centered on the young capital of Rome. Through modern art exhibitions at the Valle Giulia, scientific conferences at the Castel Sant’Angelo, archaeological exhibits on the Roman Empire in the Baths of Diocletian, and regional Italian pavilions in the Piazza d’Armi, exposition officials offered a complex representation of Italian national identity that was modern yet ancient, cosmopolitan yet bucolic, European yet regional, and imperial yet developing.     

The Rise and Fall of Alexander the Great – The Need for Medical Analysis: Reply to Commentaries

Alexander the Great died in 323 B.C. from an unknown cause. By elucidating the nature of his death, we can better interpret various aspects of Alexandrian history. Alexander’s death may have ensued from the sequelae of a congenital scoliotic syndrome. It would therefore be of significance to note that one of the greatest leaders in history who conquered much of the then known world may have been suffering from a physical disability.     

LEAD ISOTOPE ANALYSES OF ISLAMIC POTTERY GLAZES FROM FUSTAT,EGYPT*

Lead isotope analyses have been undertaken on a group of Islamic lead‐glazed pottery artefacts from Fustat, Egypt, spanning the period from the eighth to the 14th century ad , that had previously been the subject of a comprehensive typological, chronological, petrographic and technological study. Comparison of the lead isotope ratios for the glazes with those for lead ores from Egypt, Iran, Tunisia, Anatolia, Greece, Sardinia and Spain provided information on the possible sources of the lead used in the production of the glazes. The results show that the lead used in glaze production by the Islamic potters at Fustat was most probably obtained from distant ore sources in Iran or Tunisia, Sardinia, Spain and the Taurus Mountains. Different ore sources were favoured in different periods and, to a limited extent, for different types of pottery, but at no time did the Fustat potters use the potentially more accessible Egyptian ore sources.     

Australian Cenozoic Bryozoa, 2: Free-living Cheilostomata of the Eocene St. Vincent Basin,S.A., including Bonellina gen. nov

Schmidt, R., March 2007. Australian Cenozoic Bryozoa, 2: Free-living Cheilostomata of the Eocene St. Vincent Basin, S.A., including Bonellina gen. nov. Alcheringa 31, 67-84. ISSN 0311-5518.

Free-living bryozoans are diverse in the Eocene sediments of the St. Vincent Basin, South Australia. They include Bonellina pentagonalis gen. et sp. nov., Otionellina sp. cf. O. exigua (Tenison Woods), Otionellina sp. cf. O. cupola (Tenison Woods), Tubiporella magna (Tenison Woods), Celleporaria nummularia (Tenison Woods), and an indeterminate species only found as moulds. This diversity and abundance is highest in the sediments representing the initial transgressive marine facies, where they occur in ‘sand fauna’ bryozoan assemblages (e.g. with Melicerita and Siphonicytara). Free-living bryozoans decrease up-section and are absent from latest Eocene sediments, indicating a significant environmental shift.

Rolf Schmidt [rschmid@museum.vic.gov.au], Museum Victoria, Melbourne, Vic 3001, Australia; received 18.3.2005, revised 14.12.2005.