REVIEW

Contemporary Pacific Societies. Studies in Development and Change. Edited by Victoria S. Lockwood, Thomas G. Harding and Ben J. Wallace. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall. 1993. In Exploring Cultures: A Prentice Hall Series in Anthropology. Pp. x + 374. Social Change in the Pacific Islands. Edited by Albert B. Robillard. London: Kegan Paul International. 1992. Pp. xvi + 507. Price £45 (cloth bound).     

PANTELLERIAN WARE: A COMPREHENSIVE ARCHAEOMETRIC REVIEW*

Pantellerian ware is a Late Roman cooking ware whose production centre was established on the island of Pantelleria by the pioneering research of Fulford and Peacock almost 20 years ago ( Peacock 1982 ; Fulford and Peacock 1984 ). Archaeological and archaeometric studies carried out by the authors of the present contribution during the past four years have aimed to fully characterize this ceramic class. Recurrent ceramic forms, their distribution over time and space, their petrographic characteristics and their chemical identity, as well as possible raw materials and their technological properties, were considered. The present paper is a comprehensive review of this archaeometric work and aims to establish a ‘reference group’. Using a representative number of samples of Pantellerian ware that were recently discovered in the island through archaeological field surveys or surface and submarine excavations, it was possible to characterize in detail the compositional variability of this ware in terms of chemistry and petrography. Furthermore, the physical properties of this ceramic type have been defined in order to better understand its performance characteristics, mainly in response to induced thermal stress. In the meantime, the experimental mixing and tempering of locally sampled raw materials have shed light on the ancient manufacturing process and have led to an approximation of the original paste.     

REVIEW

The Marquesan Journal of Edward Robarts. 1797 — 1824. Pacific History Series No. 6. Edited by Greg. Dening. Australian National University Press, Canberra, 1974. Pp. xvi + 361. Price: $A9.95. To the Pacific and Arctic with Beechey. The Journal of Lieutenant George Peard of H.M.S. ‘Blossom’. 1825 — 1828. Hakluyt Society Second Series Volume 143. Edited by Barry M. Gough. At the University Press, Cambridge, 1973. Pp. x + 272, £Stg.11.00.     

REVIEW

Abstract

Kh. Qumran was visited by western explorers during the nineteenth century, long before the famous discoveries of the Dead Sea Scrolls nearby. The observations of these visitors supplement the preliminary reports of Roland de Vaux, who excavated the site in the 1950s. Do their transliterations of the name of the site (e.g. 'Goumran') indicate that the present site-name is inaccurate? Probably not, because a sound something like English 'g' was used by Bedouin guides for Arabic qāf. However, the origin of the name 'Qumran' remains obscure. One solution would be to see it as the Aramaic (Syriac) word qumrā, meaning 'belt', an apt name for the wadi that runs beside the ruin.     

REVIEW

In the Realm of the Diamond Queen. By Anna Lowenhaupt Tsing. Princeton N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1993. Pp xvi + 350. Price US$49.95 (hard) $14.95 (soft).     

LITERATURE REVIEW

SETTIING HATIOMALJPRJORITIES: A REVIEW ESSAY Charles L. Schultze, Setting National Priorities: The 1971 Budget Charles L. Schultze, Edward R. Fried, Alice M. Rivlin, and Nancy H. Teeters, Setting National Priorities: The 1972 Budget Charles L. Schultze, Edward R. Fried, Alice H. Rivlin, and Nancy H. Teeters, Setting Rational Priorities: The 1973 Budget Edward R. Fried, Alice M. Rivlin, Charles L. Schultze, and Nancy H. Teeters, Setting National Priorities: The 1974 Budget Barry M. Blechman, Edward M. Gramlich, and Robert W. Hartman, Setting National Priorities: The 1975 Budget Barry M. Blechman, Edward M. Gramlich, and Robert W. Hartman, Setting Rational Priorities: The 1976 Budget RECENT RELEVANT LITERATURE Thomas H. Tietenberg and Pierre Toureille, Energy Planning and Policy: The Political Economy of Project Independence Stanley D. Bachrack, The Committee of one Million: “China Lobby” Politics 1953–1971 Otis L. Graham, Toward a Planned Society: From Roosevelt to Nixon Judith Innes DeNuefville, Social Indicators and Public Policy: Interactive Processes of Design and Application Cole Blasier, The Hovering Giant: U.S. Response to Revolutionary Change in Latin America Richard L. Siegel and Leonard B. Weinberg, Comparing Public Policies; United States, Soviet Union, and Europe Richard D. Bingham, The Adoption of Innovation by Local Government Henry J, Pratt, The Gray Lobby BOOK NOTES Marc Karnis Landy, The Politics of Environmental Reform: Controlling Kentucky Strip Mining Allen C. Ornstein and Steven I. Miller, eds., Policy Issues in Education Colm A. O'Muircheartaigh and Clive Payne, eds., Exploring Data Structures Colm A. O'Muircheartaigh and clive Payne, eds., Model Fitting Rechard A. Posner, Antitrust Law: An Economic Perspective Lawrence L. Whetten, ed., The Future of Soviet Military Power THE PROS AND CONS OF SYSTEMS ANALYSIS IN POLICY STUDIES A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF SPECIFIC PROBLEM AREAS WITHIN POLICY STUDIES     

REVIEW

Arne Skj?lsvold: Slettab? i Ogna. Forel?pig orientering om en boplass med bosetning fra yngre steinalder og bronsealdet. (Slettab? in Ogna. Preliminary publication of a settlement from Late Stone Age and Bronze Age). Viking XXXVI 1972. 74 pp. 30 Figs. English summary     

REVIEW

TRANSFORMATIONS OF POLYNESIAN CULTURE. Edited by Antony Hooper and Judith Huntsman. Auckland: The Polynesian Society. 1985. Pp. 226. Price: $NZ 35. (paper).     

REVIEW

Society and the Dance: The Social Anthropology of Process and Performance. Edited by Paul Spencer. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1985. Pp. x + 214. Price: $A22.00 (paperback), $A66.50 (hardback).     

REVIEW

Alternative Strategies for Papua New Guinea. Edited by Anthony Clunies Ross and John Langmore. Melbourne, Oxford University Press, 1973. Pp. viii + 263. Price (papercovers) $5.70.     

REVIEW

Mobul: The Ancestor of the Kambot People in North East New Guinea (translated by John Tschauder) By Josefine Huppertz. Alano. 1992. Pp. 152.     

THE UNRESOLVED PROBLEMS OF LATE CRITICAL THEORY

Martin Jay's sweeping account of reason in Western philosophy provides the context for understanding the crisis that the Frankfurt School thinkers faced when they spoke of the “eclipse of reason.” In the background of the thinking of the first generation of Frankfurt thinkers such as Max Horkheimer, Theodor Adorno, and Herbert Marcuse is a hankering for a more substantive conception of reason that bears affinities with what Hegel called Vernunft (reason), which he contrasted with Verstand (understanding). According to Jay, the first generation of Frankfurt thinkers never quite succeeded in elaborating this substantive concept of reason and grew increasingly pessimistic in the face of the self‐destruction of reason. Habermas sought to elaborate a communicative theory of rationality that did not fall into the misleading promises of Hegelian Vernunft but could nevertheless provide a normative basis for the critique of instrumental, strategic, and systems rationality—a normative basis for critical theory. Jay presents an extremely lucid account of Jürgen Habermas's theory of communicative rationality. He concludes by reviewing some of the outstanding problems and questions that have been raised about the adequacy and success of Habermas's project. I seek to do justice to the strengths and weaknesses of Jay's narrative, and I focus on a number of deep, unresolved issues that confront the future of critical theory in its attempt to develop an adequate conception of rationality. I also raise concerns about what precisely is distinctive about critical theory today.     

REVIEW

Mogens Müller, Kirkens f?rste Bibel — Hebraica sive Graeca Veritas? Forlaget ANIS, Frederiksberg 1994, 152 pp.

Norman K. Gottwald, The Hebrew Bible in Its Social World and in Ours. The Society of Biblical Literature Semeia Studies. Scholars Press, Atlanta, Georgia 1993, 29 + 425 pp.     

SOME CRITICAL QUESTIONS FOR ANTI-ESSENTIALISM

相似文献   

TL and IRSL dating of Jiahu relics and sediments: clue of 7th millennium BC civilization in central China

Thermoluminescence (TL) dating of pottery and infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) dating of sediments from early Neolithic layers at the Jiahu site, Henan Province, east-central China, have been achieved. The pottery TL ages range from 6800 (±450) to 8900 (±640) years and the sediment IRSL ages from 6750 (±760) to 8860 (±870) years confirming former ¹⁴C data. Both TL and IRSL ages agree well with each other. They reinforce the very early existence of a fully developed Neolithic civilization in central China, starting already in the first half of the 7th millennium BC and lasting about 2100 years. From these layers finds of bone flutes and Chinese characters have already been reported [X. Li, G. Harbottle, J. Zhang, C. Wang, The earliest writing? Sign use in the seventh millennium BC at Jiahu, Henan Province, China, Antiquity 77 (2003) 31–44; J. Zhang, G. Harbottle, C. Wang, Z. Kong, Oldest playable musical instruments found at Jiahu early Neolithic site in China, Nature 401 (1999) 366–368.] The Jiahu pottery of the 7th millennium BC belongs to the earliest in China and elsewhere.     

REVIEW

Voices of the Rainforest Recorded by Steven Feld Produced by Mickey Hart Rykodisc – RACS 0173 Salem, MA: 360° Productions 1991     

THEMATIC REVIEW

M. Jeanne Peterson, Family, Love, and Work in the Lives of Victorian Gentlewomen Norma Clarke, Ambitious Heights: Writing, Friendship, Love - The Jewsbury Sisters, Felicia Hemans, and Jane Welsh Carlyle Mary Lyndon Shanley, Feminism, Marriage, and the Law in Victorian England, 1850–1895 Carol Dyhouse, Feminism and the Family in England, 1880–1939     

IV. LITERATURE REVIEW

Book Reviewed in this artice: Alan Edward Bent, The Politics of Law Enforcement Stephen C. Halpern, Police-Association and Department Leaders Robert Wintersmith, Police and the Black Community Richard L. Cole, Citizen Participation and the Urban Policy Process Douglas Yates, Neighborhood Democracy Douglas Cater and Stephen Strickland, TV Violence and the Child Murad Saifulin, ed., The Future of Society Virginia Gray and Elihu Bergman, eds., Political Issues in U.S. Population Policy John C. Hogan, The Schools, the Courts, and the Public Interest Energy Policy Project of the Ford Foundation, S. David Freeman, Director, A Time to Choose-America's Energy Future Robert H. Connery and Robert S. Gilmour, eds., The National Energy Problem. Office of the Secretary General of the Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development, Energy Prospects to 1985. Paul W. McCraken, moderator, Is the Energy Crisis Contrived? Richard B. Mancke, Performance of the Federal Energy Office MIT Energy Laboratory Policy Study Group, Energy Self-Sufficiency-An Economic Evaluation Patricia E. Starratt, The Natural Gas Shortage and the Congress Edward J. Mitchell, ed., Dialogue on World Oil     

SOCIALIST FEDERALISM AND SPATIAL EQUITY: REVIEW OF A DISCUSSION

The proceedings of a wide-ranging discussion at the Institute of Geography, Moscow on current political and territorial issues in the USSR are summarized by one of its participants. The key thrust of the discussion centered on the need to find ways of increasing the involvement of Soviet political and other geographers in the analysis of critical questions of Soviet federalism: the incongruence of political-administrative boundaries with ethnic and economic regions; the search for a viable division of authority among Moscow, the republics, and local soviets; mitigation of growing regional inequality engendered by perestroyka and regional khozraschet (translated by Jay K. Mitchell, PlanEcon, Inc., Washington, DC 20005).