北方地区寺庙、殿堂壁画可溶盐活动规律的 实验室模拟研究

古代壁画的风化酥碱问题一直是壁画病害中最常见和最严重的问题之一,其主要原因是墙体中的可溶盐。了解壁画中可溶盐无机离子的特性及其活动规律可为解决古代壁画的酥碱问题提供科学参考和依据。为此,通过模拟壁画中可溶盐活动实验来揭示可溶性无机离子在壁画中的分布及活动规律。利用离子色谱仪检测分析壁画不同高度细泥层、粗泥层以及土坯层的可溶盐离子浓度。结果表明,试块细泥层中的Ca2+,Na+,和SO24-含量最高,说明这三种离子在壁画中的迁移能力最强,Cl-、NO3-、Mg2+的迁移能力居中,K+迁移能力最弱。离子迁移能力越强,在壁画表层富集程度就越高,各离子之间形成结晶盐的机率越大,对壁画破坏作用越大。本研究可为解决古代壁画盐害提供依据。

Research on the mobility of soluble salts for north temple murals

Efflorescence , caused mainly by the soluble salts in the wall,is one of the most common and serious dis- eases threatening ancient murals. Research on the characteristics and activities of inorganic ions in murals will pro- vide a scientific reference basis for solving the problem of efflorescence in ancient murals. By simulating the mobility of soluble salts in murals , we tried to reveal the distribution and activities of inorganic ions. Detection and analysis of the concentration of soluble salts in fine mud layer , coarse mud layer and adobe layer at different height by ion chro- matography showed that Ca2+ , Na+ . and SOj' have the highest concentration in the fine mud layer of the test block . and therefore the highest mobility , followed by Cl- , N03- , Mg2+ ; and K+ which are weaker. The higher the mobility of the ion.the more it is enriched in the mural surface.and the higher the probability of its crystallization with other ions.and therefore the greater chance of damaging the mural. This study provides the basis for further re- search and the solution of salt damage of ancient murals.