成都十二桥遗址新一村一期出土漆彩绘陶的分析研究

为了探究成都地区漆器制造历史和工艺,对2010年度成都十二桥遗址新一村一期地点出土的一批彩绘陶残片样品采用包括:加速器质谱碳十四年代测定(AMS-14C)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、显微镜形貌观察(OM)、显微激光拉曼(Micro-Raman)、能量色散X射线荧光(XRF)等分析方法进行了研究。结果表明这批陶器年代在西周中晚期至春秋。陶胎以易熔粘土为原料而成;彩绘层是用生漆(大漆)分别加炭黑、朱砂调和结膜而成;髹漆工艺为先髹饰黑色底漆层,然后再用含朱砂的红色颜料漆勾勒图案,黑红相间形成鲜明对比,起到良好装饰效果。这批漆陶的发现表明成都平原地区大漆工艺的使用年代可到西周中晚期。

Analysis and research on lacquer painted pottery objects unearthed from the Xinyicun site, Shierqiao, Chengdu

In order to explore the history and technology of lacquer manufacture in Chengdu, a batch of painted pottery objects unearthed in the first session of archaeological excavation the Xinyicun Site of Shierqiao district in Chengdu in 2010were analyzed via radiocarbon dating through accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS¹⁴C), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Optical Microscopy (OM), Micro Laser Raman Spectroscopy (MicroRaman) and XRay Fluorescence (XRF). The results of these studies showed these objects were probably used during from middle or late Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn period. The pottery was made of fusible clay, the black and red painting layers were Chinese lacquer mixed with carbon black and cinnabar (HgS), respectively. A layer of black lacquer was brushed on the whole surface of the pottery first and then the red paint was used to outline the pattern. These discoveries suggest that the lacquer craftsmanship in the Chengdu Plain can be dated back at least as far as the middle or late Western Zhou Dynasty.